A yau, yawancin masu girke-girke dankalin turawa, yayin zabar nau'in tebur, suna kiran bayyanar tubers babban mahimmin ma'auni. Amma bisa ga abubuwan da muka lura, a nan gaba, masu saye za su sami fifiko ba kawai "kyakkyawa" ba, har ma da ɗanɗano, da kuma kayan girke-girke na samfurin da muke so. Munyi wannan zato ne bisa la'akari da "makoma" ta Rasha ta nau'ikan tebur guda uku masu karfi na zabin Norika - GALA, FIDELIA da ADRETTA.
GALA!
A farkon tafiyar tasa, ire-irensu sun haifar da wasu rudani a cikin ba kawai tsakanin masu samar da kayan gona ba, har ma a tsakanin masu cin kasuwa. A shekara ta 2008, lokacin da GALA ya bayyana akan kantin sayar da kayayyaki da kasuwanni, Russia ta fi son dankali da yawa. A daya bangaren, GALA, ya samar da madaidaitan yawa na matsakaitan matsakaici, kuma idan dankalin turawa bashi da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki da damshi a lokacin, to 2040 “qwai kaza” daga wani daji. Ya yi mata wuya!
Abin ban sha'awa, wannan nau'ikan ya kirkiro ta hanyar masu shayarwa na Jamusanci kawai suna yin la'akari da canjin yanayin rayuwa da sabon buƙatu na masu amfani. Kyakkyawan zagaye-m tubers tare da kananan ƙananan idanu sun fi dacewa da wanki da sakawa a cikin raga ko jaka na 1-2-3 kg. Bugu da kari, dankalin dankalin turawa yana da dadi sosai, a kasar Jamus an gane shi a matsayin matsayin dandano.
Yawancin lokaci, an yaba da fa'idodi iri-iri na GALA a Rasha, kodayake fitowar ta zo ne kawai a cikin 2013. Yanzu GALA ita ce jagora a fagen noman da ake nomawa a ƙasarmu (tana da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duk dankalin da aka dasa), ɗayan sahun da ya yi nasara wajen wanki da ƙaramin kayan sawa.
Babban hanyoyin da aikace-aikace na iri-iri:
- Sanarwar sabo - ta dace da wanki, tayi kyau a cikin marufi, kyakkyawar kiyayewa (gami da kan ɗakunan ajiya);
- Samar da sabon dankakken dankalin turawa - ɓangaren litattafan almara ba ya yin duhu bayan peeling;
- Samar da dankalin sarrafa dankali a cikin marufin wuri - ɓangaren litattafan almara ba ya yin duhu bayan tafasa;
- Samar da kayayyakin busassun (flakes) - abun cikin sitaci a cikin tubers na iya kaiwa 22%, yayin da masu kiwo suka bayyana 13%;
- Dafa abinci (wanda ya dace da tafasa, soyawa da kuma yin burodi), rubuta nau'in B (matsakaici-tafasa), mai jan hankali, kayan abinci na rawaya mai raɗaɗi a cikin kayayyakin girki daban-daban. Tubaramin tuber ya dace sosai a hannu, lokacin tsaftace mafi ƙarancin sharar da aka samu.
Daban-daban fa'idodi ga masu samar da dankalin turawa na kasuwanci:
- Babban yawan amfanin ƙasa - har zuwa 100 da ƙari t / ha, dangane da babban matakin fasahar noma;
- Babban juriya ga kwayar Y (asarar amfanin gona daga fuskantar wannan kwayar a cikin nau'ikan da ba a iya sawa ba sun iya kaiwa 80%);
- Ikon haifuwa shekaru 3-4 masu tsawo, sabanin daidaitattun nau'ikan;
- Yin juriya na tubers zuwa lalacewa na inji;
- Amincewa don ajiyar dogon lokaci - tubers baya rasa turgor da abubuwan gina jiki har zuwa bazara;
- Matsakaici a farkon nau'in girki - ya isa kwanaki 80 daga germination don samun girbi mai inganci.
- Heat juriya.
Wani iri-iri, wanda muke son magana game da shi a yau, ya ƙaunaci masu amfani kusan nan da nan - kawai don kyakkyawar dandano da fasalin girke-girke.
Bambancin sun bayyana a cikin Tarayyar Rasha a cikin 2014 kuma sun mamaye ƙaƙƙarfan aikinsu a cikin tsarin tsarin abinci. Ya kasance ga nau'in dafaffen A-B (wanda ba a dafa shi ba - ɗan kwasfa kaɗan) kuma impeccably yana riƙe da dandano, kayan abinci da sifar koda bayan dafa abinci na tsawan. An ɗanɗana ko akushi, ba ya fashewa a cikin jita-jita da kayan miya da yawa, gami da mayonnaise. Tubersa'idodin suna da siffar elongated, wanda ya dace da nau'ikan yankan iri. Babban hanyoyin da aikace-aikace na iri-iri:
- Sanarwar sabo - ta dace da wanki, tayi kyau a cikin marufi, tana da ƙimar kiyayewa, haɗe da kan ɗakunan ajiya;
- Samar da sabon dankakken dankalin turawa - ɓangaren litattafan almara ba ya yin duhu bayan peeling;
- Samar da dankalin sarrafa dankali a cikin marufin wuri - ɓangaren litattafan almara ba ya yin duhu bayan tafasa;
- Dafa abinci Ya dace da soya da dafa abinci, dacewa a cikin salatin. M, appetizing rawaya jiki. Tuberan ƙaramin tarin fuka ya ta'allaka da kyau a hannun, yayin tsaftacewa, an samu ƙarancin sharar gida.
Fa'idodi iri-iri ga masu kasuwancin dankalin turawa:
- Babban yawan amfanin ƙasa - har zuwa 60 da ƙari t / ha, dangane da babban matakin fasahar noma;
- Babban juriya ga kwayar Y (asarar amfanin gona daga fuskantar wannan kwayar a cikin nau'ikan da ba a iya sawa ba sun iya kaiwa 80%);
- Ikon haifuwa shekaru 3-4 masu tsawo, sabanin daidaitattun nau'ikan;
- Amincewa don ajiyar dogon lokaci - tubers baya rasa turgor da abubuwan gina jiki har zuwa bazara;
- Matsakaici a farkon nau'in girki - ya isa kwanaki 70 daga germination don samun girbi mai inganci;
- Heat juriya.
Ga yawancin Rasha, irin wannan dankalin turawa yana da "ɗanɗanar ƙuruciya". An san shi a cikin ƙasarmu tun 1980, amma yanzu ana buƙata tsakanin masu amfani duka a cikin Rasha da Jamus. Nau'in dafa abinci C - ya dahu sosai, ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da taushi.
Babban hanyoyin da aikace-aikace na iri-iri:
- Samuwar kayayyakin dankalin turawa da aka bushe;
- Dafa abinci Mafi dacewa ga masara mashed.
Abubuwan fa'idodi iri-iri don masu kera dankalin kasuwanci:
- A farkon lokacin girma, ana shuka tsiro mai saurin girma, kazalika da haɓaka mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Tubers ana kafa da haɓaka tare. Lokacin daga lokacin girbi zuwa girbi: kwanaki 70-80;
- Rashin daidaituwa a samarwa;
- Idanun suna kanana zuwa matsakaici; girman nau'ikan tubers da ke cikin gida ya daidaita;
- Dacewa don ajiyar ajiya na dogon lokaci - kiyaye ingancin 7 (a sikeli na 1-9);
- Abincin sitaci - 15%;
A cikin layin Norica, ba shakka, akwai wasu nau'ikan da suka dace don dandano mai haske da abubuwan alaƙa, kuma masu shayar da kamfanin suna aiki koyaushe don fadada wannan maƙasudin, ƙoƙarin biyan bukatun kasuwa don mafi kyawun dankali. Duba cikakken jerin abubuwan da muke bayarwa akan gidan yanar gizon norika.ru
A koyaushe muna shirye don amsa duk wasu tambayoyin da suka shafi zaɓaɓɓu, samarwa da samarwa da nau'ikanmu.
A ƙarshen labarin muna son fatan masu karatu su yi kyakkyawan girbi na dankali mai daɗi da ci!