Kamfanin "AGRICO" (Netherlands) a hankali yana gudanar da aikin zaɓi na dogon lokaci don samun nau'ikan da ke da yawan amfanin ƙasa, gabatarwa mai ban sha'awa, da aka ba da inganci da halaye masu ɗanɗano, babban juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban. An ba da hankali musamman ga ci gaban nau'ikan da ke jure wa cutar ƙarancin ƙarfi. Sakamakon wannan aikin shine ƙirƙirar layin jinsuna waɗanda suka haɗu a cikin rukuni “SABON GARI "(NEW KARANTA) tare da babban juriya ga ƙarshen bugun jini (maki 9 cikin 9 mai yiwuwa don juriya na tubers), yana ba su damar horar da su ba tare da amfani da magungunan ƙwari a cikin tsarin noma na ƙwayoyin cuta ba.
Ofayan waɗannan nau'ikan, ALUET, a halin yanzu ana wakiltarsa akan kasuwar Tarayyar Rasha.
Iri-iri ALUET daga rukunin farkon-farkon (kwanaki 75-85 ko maki 6,5 daga cikin 9), jan-bututu. Kunshe a cikin Rijistar Tarayyar Rasha a cikin 2018.
An tabbatar da juriya da nau'ikan ALUET zuwa marainiya na karshe ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen da Cibiyar Nazarin Rasha ta Rasha (VNIIF) ta gudanar a shekarar 2017 a filin gwaji na Ramenskaya Gorka (mujallar "Kariyar Dankali" A'a. 1, 2018, labarin "Bincike na juriya da nau'ikan ALUET zuwa ƙarshen buguwa". An kiyasta juriya na ALUETA a maki 9 daga cikin 9 mai yuwuwa don sama (kimantawa a cikin filin) - a matakin nau'ikan bayanai iri-iri Sapro Mira.
Filin lamba VNIIF | Title | Matsayin saman juriya (kimantawa cikin | Sama matakin juriya (hanyar hanzari) | Matsayin juriya na Tuber | |||
Score | Mataki | Score | Mataki | Score | Mataki | ||
1 | Alfa (Alfa) | 3 | В | 3 | В | 3 | В |
2 | Bintje | 3 | В | 3 | В | 3 | В |
3 | Saukewa | 3 | В | 3 | В | 4 | HC |
4 | Rakiya | 7 | Uu | 6 | Uu | 6 | Uu |
5 | Gloria | 4 | В | 3 | В | 4 | HC |
6 | Robin | 5 | HC | 4 | HC | 6 | Uu |
7 | Sapro Mira | 8 | У | 8 | У | 7 | Uu |
8 | Alouette | 9 | У | 8 | У | 8 | У |
ALUET iri-iri ne masu yawa: ana iya amfani dashi don kayan masarufi da na gargajiya (wanka, marufi), ya dace da yin soyayyen faranshi a gida; wanda yake dauke da sanyayyen abun bushe (21%).
Babban ƙarfin nau'ikan ya cika cikakke, gwargwadon shawarwarin asalin. Don namo, an fi son ƙasa zuwa matsakaiciyar ƙasa, mai dacewa da shayarwa ta yau da kullun da takin nitrogen.
Features agrotehnika
Germination / warming up
- An ba da shawarar pre-germinate da tubers bayan karya kashe apical harbe; a wasu halaye, tsiron farko bai zama dole ba - ya isa a sanya tubers cikin zafin jiki kafin dasa shuki; keta harbe-harben gefe fiye da sau ɗaya na iya haifar da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.
- Ba'a da shawarar shuka a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi (t ƙasa da +10 ° С).
Nisa tsakanin tubers lokacin dasa shuki don dalilan tebur (tazarar tazarar 75 cm):
fraangare na kayan abu 35/55 - kimanin 27 cm (50 tubers / ha).
Nisa tsakanin tubers lokacin dasa shuki akan makircin zuriya (tazarar tazarar 75 cm):
fraangare na kayan abu 35/55 - kimanin 22 cm (60 tubers / ha).
£ d ± n € Ð'оРÐμниÑ
Don ingantaccen tsire-tsire, dole ne a sami isasshen phosphorus, potassium da nitrogen a cikin ƙasa.
Bincike don abubuwan ciki na phosphorus da potassium dole ne a gudanar da su a cikin kakar da ta gabata, ta hanyar samfurin ƙasa daga layin da ake nomawa (20-25 cm); tabbatar da kasancewar nitrogen - a cikin bazara, kafin dasa shuki.
Phosphorus - allurai na al'ada
Idan sinadarin phosphorus a cikin kasa ya zama na al'ada (25-40 mg / kg na ƙasa), ana lasafta ƙirar aikace-aikacen bisa ga kilogiram na 120-180 na sinadarin aiki da 1 ha.
Idan abun ciki na phosphorus yana ƙasa da ƙimar halatta, to dole ne a ƙara ƙimar aikace-aikace. Idan abun ciki ya fi girma, to ana rage adadin aikace-aikacen (zuwa matakin aƙalla 100 kilogiram). Da wuya dankalin turawa ya sha phosphorus daga cikin ƙasa, don haka yakamata a kimanta abubuwan da ke cikin wannan ɓangaren. Lokacin da abun cikin phosphorus yake kasa da 25 MG / kg na ƙasa, ya zama dole a ƙara har zuwa kilogiram 250 na phosphorus bisa ga d.v. Idan kasar ta yi nauyi a cikin zane, ya kamata a yi amfani da phosphorus a cikin faduwar. Idan ƙasa tana da haske kuma an shirya huɗa a cikin bazara, to sai a aiwatar da aikace-aikacen phosphorus kafin a huce.
Potassium - gabatarwar karin kashi (+ 20% idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan)
Idan abun da ke cikin sinadarin potassium a cikin kasa ya gamsar, to yawan amfanin potassium na dankali dankali yakai kimanin kilogram 240 ai. (na al'ada 200 kg), don dankali na tebur - 360 kg d.v. (al'ada 300 kg). A ƙasa mai nauyi, ana iya amfani da takin mai magani a lokacin bazara. Lokacin amfani da potassium a lokacin bazara, kafin a dasa, ya zama dole a sani cewa takin mai danko wanda yake dauke da sinadarin chlorine na iya cutar da dasa dankalin.
Nitrogen - aikace-aikace na ƙara kashi (+ 10% in aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan)
Don dalilan iri –130 kg kowace rana. (al'ada 120 kg a.i.).
Don dalilan cin abinci - 160 kg d.v. (ƙa'idar kilogram 145 a.i.).
Mafi kyawun lokaci don amfani da nitrogen shine kafin dasa shuki ko bayan dasa shuki kuma kafin a gama hawa. Tunda tushen dankali bashi da ci gaba, amfani da lokaci daya mai yawa na nitrogen zai iya lalata shuka. Lokacin yin amfani da allurai masu yawa na nitrogen, zai fi kyau a raba aikin zuwa kashi biyu: 65% na al'ada - lokacin dasa shuki, da sauran - makonni uku bayan tsire-tsire.
Dalilan da yasa dankalin dankali ke bukatar karancin nitrogen:
- ƙananan nitrogen abun ciki yana hanzarta samuwar tubers;
- abun da ke cikin nitrogen yana kara saurin shuka a lokacin shuka, ta yadda zai rage barazanar kamuwa da cututtukan kwayar cuta da ake yadawa ta hanyar aphids: zuwa lokacin ganiyar hijirar aphid, ganyen dankalin ya zama mai rauni, ma'ana, ba shi da kwari sosai;
- ƙananan abubuwan nitrogen suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen aikin tsabtatawa.
Hanyoyin abinci mai gina jiki (musamman nitrogen) suna taimakawa ga:
- rage haɗarin ci gaba mai yawa na saman;
- samuwar mafi yawan tubers;
- ci gaba na zamani na shuke-shuke da balaga na tubers tare da fata mai yawa, dace da girbi na injiniya;
- rage hatsarin lalacewar tubers ta hanyar cututtukan ƙasa (fusarium, phomosis, ruɓaɓɓen laushi, pithium) ta lalacewar bawo saboda rashin balaga yayin girbin injiniyoyi;
- rage asarar ajiya.
Tsarin Metribuzin
Nau'in iri-iri yana da matsakaicin matsakaiciyar metribuzin (6 cikin 9); amfani da shi na iya haifar da canza launi daga saman, amma ba tare da rage amfanin ƙasa ba.
Fi ci gaba
ALUET dankalin turawa ya zama mai tsayi da ƙarfi wanda zai ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin girbi; Dangane da tsayayya ga ƙarshen buguwa, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan rigakafi biyu zuwa uku a kan Alternaria a rabi na biyu na kakar girma, farawa daga lokacin da aka ɗora tubers.
Ana tsarkake sabis
Zai iya daukar kimanin makonni 3 kafin fata ta samar da isasshen girbi na injiniya bayan yin lalata (yanka) na saman; don kauce wa ci gaban raunin rauni na ruwa (pithium), fusarium, ruɓaɓɓen laushi, ba a ba da shawarar girbi a zafin jiki na tuber sama da 21 °; Haɗarin cututtukan da aka ambata a sama kuma yana ƙaruwa yayin girbi a cikin yanayin bushewa a kan ƙasa mai nauyi tare da yalwar ƙasa mai yawa.
Storage
Ya dace da ajiyar matsakaici a zazzabin +5 ° С; idan akwai ajiyar albarkatu don ƙarin aikin masana'antu, ƙarancin ajiyar baya ƙasa da +7 ° С; don tabbatar da ingancin kiyayewa da ake buƙata, ƙarancin saurin zafin jiki da sauri zuwa matakin babban lokacin ajiyar ana bada shawarar idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan.
Halayen kwatankwacin nau'ikan ALUET tare da farkon-balaga EVOLUSHEN iri-iri
A cikin jerin nau'ikan kamfanin "AGRICO" a cikin rukunin farkon da tsakiyar lokaci tare da jan launi na kwasfa, wanda aka gabatar akan kasuwar Rasha, akwai nau'ikan guda biyu: farkon-balaga EVOLUSHEN da tsakiyar farkon ALUET. Nau'in iri daya suna kamanceceniya da juna a zahiri, amma ya bambanta sosai a fasahar noman.
Kasancewar dukkan nau'ikan biyu a cikin shukar suna bawa mai shukar damar samun girbi na jan tubers masu jan hankali tare da yawan kasuwa (80-90%), saboda lalacewar farko da aka samu a saman nau'o'in EVOLUSHEN kuma daga baya (in aka kwatanta da nau'ikan EVOLUSHEN) a cikin nau'ikan ALUET.
- Ganyayyaki na nau'o'in EVOLUSHEN suna kasancewa mai yiwuwa kusan har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin girma, wanda yakan haifar da gaskiyar cewa tubers sun ƙaru da girman kasuwa (a matsayin doka, ɓangare 60/70 mm) a cikin kwanaki da yawa. Saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar aiwatar da lalata lokacin da kusan kashi 70% na tubers ya kai 55 mm a girma: saboda haka, don girbi, alamar kasuwa za ta kasance kusan 80-85%, kuma kasancewar tubers tare da alamun tsiro zai zama kaɗan.
- Samuwar tubers a cikin nau'ikan ALUET yana faruwa ne a ƙarshen lokacin girma, tubers gabaɗaya suna kaiwa kashi 55/70 mm, sabili da haka, yin saɓo a wani mataki na gaba yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka mai girma da ƙaruwa a cikin kasuwar tubers.
Juyin Halitta | ALUET | |
---|---|---|
Balaga da wuri | 7 (kwanaki 70-80) | 6,5 (kwanaki 75-85) |
Girman tuber | 8 | 7 |
Dry kwayoyin halitta | 19 | 21 |
Nauyen karkashin ruwa | 340 | 385 |
Zurfin idanu | 7 | 7 |
Yawo | 7 | 7 |
Yn cutar | 6 | 9 |
Yntn cutar | 7 | 7 |
cutar X | 7 | 7 |
ƙarshen bugun ganye | 5 | 8 |
marigayi Blight na tubers | 6 | 9 |
fusarium | 6 | 7 |
anthracnose | 6 | 7.5 |
germination / dumama | buga zafi kafin saukowa | |
farashin sauka (dalilan cin abinci) | 50 dubu (3,75 inji mai kwakwalwa / m) | 50 dubu (3,75 inji mai kwakwalwa / m) |
farashin shuka (zuriya iri) | 60 dubu (4,5 inji mai kwakwalwa / m) | 60 dubu (4,5 inji mai kwakwalwa / m) |
takin mai magani | N -10%, P-std, K + 20% | N + 10%, P-std, K + 20% |
samuwar fata | 3 makonni | 3 makonni |
wasu | keta harbe-harben sama da sau 2 na iya haifar da harbe-harbe mara kyau |
Ya kamata a lura cewa duka ALUET da EVOLUSHEN suna ɗaukar kimanin makonni uku don samar da bawo wanda yake da tsayayya da girbi na inji.
Kamar yadda kuka sani, zaɓi mai ƙwarewa na irin dankalin turawa da ƙwarewar iri sune mahimman abubuwan da ci gaban noman dankalin turawa ya dogara da su. "AGRICO EURASIA", kasancewar shi wakilin kamfanin "AGRICO" a yankin Tarayyar Rasha, Kazakhstan da Belarus, ya kasance yana samarwa da kasuwar kyakkyawan sakamako na noman dankalin turawa na sama da shekaru 20. Babban nau'ikan tsari (kimanin 40 na zamani wanda yake da inganci sosai) yana bawa kowane mai siye saye da kansa wanda yake biyan buƙatun da ake buƙata.
Ana samar da kayan iri iri cikin tsananin bin fasahar noma da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari, wanda ke tabbatar da cewa ingancin samfuran ya cika buƙatun GOST.
Kamfanin yana ba da yanayi mai kyau don haɗin gwiwa ga masana'antun noma na kowane mataki.
+7 (495) 714-99-22, +7 (495) 714-99-33, +7 (495) 714-99-44
info@agrico-cis.ru
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