Tushen amfanin gona, wanda shine mabuɗin masana'antar abinci, zai sami lokacin yin cikakken girma a cikin 2021, in ji masana daga kamfanin Agusta, babban masana'antun Rasha na kayayyakin kariya na shuka. Babban nau'in beets na sukari, wanda ya faru a cikin 2020, bai sake maimaitawa ba, sikelin sa ya zama mafi ƙanƙanta sau da yawa kuma a wannan bazara shuka zai sami isasshen lokaci don yin nauyi da tara isasshen adadin sucrose. Koyaya, a cikin yanayi mai ɗumi da ɗumi, yakamata a mai da hankali sosai ga rigakafin tabarbarewar ganye, da kuma ruɓaɓɓen tushe, wanda, a lokacin ruwan sama mai tsawo, na iya hana manoma yawancin amfanin gona.
Tun daga ranar 1 ga Yuni, 2021, yarjejeniyoyin da ke daidaita farashin jakunkuna da farashin siyar da sukari sun daina aiki a Rasha. An kammala su a tsakiyar Disamba 2020 tsakanin Ma'aikatar Masana'antu da Kasuwanci, Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma, masu siyarwa da masu siyar da kaya don ci gaba da wadatar da samfuran ga yawan jama'a. Bukatar wannan shine sakamakon ƙarancin girbin gwoza na sukari a cikin 2020. Dalilin shine fari da sauran abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi: an busa ko wanke wani muhimmin sashi na tsaba na gwoza. A cewar Vladimir Peshekhonov, babban ƙwararre a haɓaka samfuran samfuri a Yankin Black Black ta Tsakiya, yawan adadin gwoza da aka ƙera a bara ya kai kashi 50-70% a cikin gonaki daban-daban na ƙasar. Irin waɗannan gwoza kawai ba su da lokacin isa balaga ta fasaha - aƙalla har an shuka su akan lokaci, kuma sun fi talauci a cikin abubuwan maye.
Vladimir Peshekhonov ya ce: "A cikin 2021, yanayin yana samun sauki. - Sake shuka sau da yawa ƙasa da shekara guda da ta gabata: kusan kashi 10% na duk wuraren da aka shuka a ƙarƙashin gwoza sukari a cikin ƙasar. Hakanan ana hasashen girman girbin zai yi sama. Ba zai zama na allahntaka ba, duk da haka, wataƙila, za mu sami girbi na yau da kullun, ba tare da gibi ba. ”
Babban yankuna don noman gwoza sukari a Rasha sune Kuban, Stavropol, yankin Rostov da yankuna na tsakiyar Chernozem: Belgorod, Tambov, Lipetsk, Kursk, Voronezh, Oryol, Penza. Hakanan, wannan amfanin gona yana mamaye ƙananan yankuna a yankin Nizhny Novgorod, Mordovia, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai Territory.
Babban cututtukan da galibi ke rage yawan amfanin gwoza na sukari - cercosporosis da ramulariasis - suna lalata ingancin albarkatun ƙasa da aka samu kuma suna rage tsawon rayuwar amfanin gona. A Rasha, cercosporosis shine mafi cutarwa. Cututtukan fungal da ake kira suna bayyana kansu azaman tabo na ganye, kuma lalacewar ganye yana lalata metabolism wanda ke faruwa a cikin shuka. Bugu da ƙari, mildew powdery na kowa a cikin beets na sukari. Yanayin ɗumi da ɗumi wanda ya mamaye manyan yankuna masu girma gwoza a farkon rabin lokacin bazara na 2021 ya haifar da abubuwan ci gaba na kamuwa da cuta. Don hanawa da yaƙar cututtuka, ƙwararrun "Agusta" sun ba da shawarar irin waɗannan magunguna kamar "Raek", "Baliy", "Rakurs", "Kolosal Pro", "Tirada", "Credo" da "Benorad".
Ya kamata a lura cewa lura da tsire-tsire tare da kwayoyi guda biyu na ƙarshe ana ɗauka mai tasiri don rigakafin abin da ake kira tushen mai cin abinci-faffadar tushen rot wanda ke shafar tubers gwoza. Rots da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa koyaushe suna zaune a cikin ƙasa galibi ana bayyana su a cikin yanayin ruwan sama mai yawa. Root rot yawanci yana da wahalar yaƙi fiye da cutar ganye. Kamar yadda Vladimir Peshekhonov ya nuna, an riga an yi rijistar barkewar cutar kwayan cuta a cikin Yankin Black Earth ta Tsakiya, kuma kwararru daga dakunan gwaje-gwaje na agro biyu "Augusta", waɗanda ke aiki a yankin, yanzu suna karɓar aikace-aikace masu yawa daga manoma don ganewar ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan ruwan sama ya sake ja, ɓarkewar ƙwayar cuta na iya yaduwa kuma kusan duk amfanin gona yana cikin haɗari.
Dangane da kwari, amfanin gona na tushen hatsi yawanci yana barazanar barazanar gwoza, wanda ya tabbatar da cutarwa musamman a wannan shekara. A cewar kwararrun “Agusta”, don adana amfanin gona na gwoza a gundumar Tarayyar Kudancin, masu aikin gona sun riga sun aiwatar da maganin kwari har huɗu. Hakanan, barkewar kwari na polyphagous kamar asu ko ciyawar gamma na iya haifar da lalacewar shuka. Koyaya, masana sunyi imanin cewa, gabaɗaya, 2021 don gwoza sukari har yanzu yana da tsayayye, kuma suna fatan kyakkyawan yanayi don haɓaka al'adu a wannan kakar.