Yawan: Mutane 618703, wanda kusan 30% mazauna karkara ne.
Matsayin kasa: yankin yana arewa maso yamma na yankin Turai na ƙasar, yanki ne na yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Tarayya.
Yanayi: yanayi mai yanayin yanayi, kusa da ruwa. Wuce kima, yanayin bazara mai sanyi, lokacin bazara mai zafi, lokacin zafi mai zafi, lokacin sanyi mai sanyin hali. A cikin hunturu, an kafa yanayin girgije tare da thaws akai-akai a yankin. A lokacin rani, ana ruwan sama sau da yawa, yawanci na ɗan gajeren lokaci (a kowane wata 12 - kwana 17 zuwa ruwan sama). A cikin kaka, yanayin hadari mai daci tare da tsawan tsawan tsafi (kwanaki 12-14 a wata), tsinkaye galibi a cikin dogon ruwa mai ruwa, a watan Nuwamba galibi a cikin yanayin daskararren dusar ƙanƙara.
Matsakaicin yanayin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara shine + 4,9 ° С. Ana lura da yanayin danshi mafi girma a lokacin kaka-lokacin hunturu, a cikin Nuwamba-Disamba ya kai matsakaicin 88%. Matsakaicin kwanan wata sanyi na ƙarshe a cikin bazara shine 18 ga Mayu, farkon sanyi a kaka shine 18 ga Satumba. Matsakaicin lokacin lokacin-sanyi ba zai wuce kwana 143 ba.
A lokacin girma (kwanaki 175), 400-430 mm na hazo ya faɗi (60% na ƙa'idar shekara shekara). Bazara (lokaci daga sama zuwa sama + 10 ° С) yana ɗaukar kwanaki 140. An kafa tsayayyen murfin dusar ƙanƙara ta tsakiyar Disamba (kwanan wata shine Nuwamba 11) kuma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 110-120.
Da taimako. A yammacin yankin akwai babban filayen layin Priilmen, tsayinsa ba ya wuce mil 60-70 sama da matakin teku. A gabas akwai ƙirar Valdai tare da ɗakuna sama na mutum wanda ke da tsayi mai tsayi zuwa 300 XNUMX. Duk waɗannan sassan sun kasu kashi-kashi daban tare da ƙananan kayan taimako. Ana ambatar wannan musamman a cikin Valdai Upland.
Kasar gona. Sodasa Sodon-podzolic ta fi yawa a cikin yankin, sau da yawa waterlogged zuwa dabam-dabam digiri. Abubuwan da suke bambanta su sune ƙananan ƙarfin ikon sararin samaniya, karuwar acidity, ƙarancin abubuwan gina jiki da ƙananan abun ciki na humus.
Yankin ƙasar noma: 703,3 dubu ha.
Yankin Novgorod na ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin yankin Arewa maso Yammacin Tarayyar yankin samar da dankalin Turawa. Ci gaban wannan yanki yana haɓaka ta ƙasa mai kyau da yanayin yanayi da kusancin kasuwanni masu ƙwarewa. Girman dankalin turawa ana daukar sa a matsayin hanya mafi fa'ida a masana'antar shuka. Riba ta kasance daga 25 zuwa 45%. Abu ne na al'ada cewa yawan dankali mai sayarwa yana girma kowace shekara. Bari mu tuna muku cewa a cikin 2000 kawai tan dubu 160-180 na "burodi na biyu" an girma a cikin yankin Novgorod. A cikin 2015, masu samar da aikin gona na yankin sun samar da sama da tan dubu 368 na dankali, wanda ya ninka da 20% idan aka kwatanta da sakamakon shekarar da ta gabata (gami da, yawan amfanin gona a kungiyoyin kungiyoyin noma ya karu da kashi 87%, a gonakin manoma - da kashi 85%). Don haka, ga kowane mazaunin yankin Novgorod a wannan shekara akwai kilogiram 595 na dankali a matakin kilogiram 95.
Gabaɗaya, noman dankalin turawa a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata ya girma sau 1,7.
Don ingantaccen haɓaka aikin gona da haɓaka kuɗin kuɗin masu samar da aikin gona, ana buƙatar tallafin jihohi. Ana bayar da matakan irin wannan tallafin a cikin tsarin shirye-shiryen yankin Jihar "Haɓaka tsarin masana'antu na yankin Novgorod na 2014-2020" da kuma shirin sashi na ci gaba "Ci gaban dankalin dankalin Turawa da ƙirƙirar wuraren sayayya (siyayya da rarraba) cibiyoyin ajiya, shirye-shiryen siyarwa da siyar da dankali, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa a Yankin Novgorod na 2014-2016. " A ƙarƙashin waɗannan shirye-shiryen, masu samar da kayan aikin gona na yankin suna karɓar tallafi don siyayya da siyar da dankalin Turawa, siyan kayan aiki don ajiya, shirye-shiryen siyarwa da siyar da dankali, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Dankalin gonakin dankali
Ana ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ake buƙata masu mahimmanci a cikin yankin don haɓaka samar da dankali mai inganci.Mananan gonakin Ivan Geletey, Sergey Yakovlev daga gundumar Borovichi sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako; Anatoly Lipatov, Denis Pavlyuk, Ivan Piraev daga yankin Novgorod. Yawan aiki a cikinsu ya kai kilogiram 500 / ha.
Hakanan ana samun babban kudade a cikin narkar da dankalin turawa a kowace shekara a gonakin Vladimir Kondranin, Arbi Kadyrov daga gundumar Shimsky, Nikolai Kolesnikov daga gundumar Soletsky. Yawan aiki a cikin wadannan masana'antun an tsayar da su ne a matakin 250-280 kg / ha.
Ana kuma aiwatar da sabbin ayyukan samar da dankali a kan sabbin filayen da ake gabatarwa a yankin. A cikin gundumar Volotovsky, Novgorod Dankali Sis LLC ya shuka kadada 100 kadada a wannan shekara, tare da samar da 300 c / ha. A shekara mai zuwa, kamfanin ya yi niyyar kara girman yankin da ya sauka zuwa kadada 300. A cikin gundumar Solets, Bristol LLC ya shuka kadada 460 na dankali, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kai 350 c / ha. Yana shirin kara girman yankin zuwa kadada 1200. Bayan ya isa ga ƙira, ƙirar dankalin turawa zai zama tan dubu 163.
Hanyoyi
Don adanawa, shirye-shiryen siyarwa da sayar da dankali, an gina cibiyoyin dabaru guda uku a cikin yankin (biyu a cikin Novgorod da ɗayan a cikin yankunan Borovichi), wanda zai iya wuce ton dubu 45 na dankali. Wannan yana ba mu damar samar da yawan yankin a cikin samfurori masu inganci kowace shekara, wadatar da dankalin turawa zuwa shagunan sarkar da sayar da su a waje da yankin, wanda ke da tasirin gaske kan albashi na masu samarwa. A karshen wannan shekara, za a girka sabbin kwandunan dankalin turawa tare da cikakken damar ajiya na tan 5,1 dubu tan a cikin yankin. A shekara ta 2016, ana shirin gina karin wuraren dafa dankalin turawa guda biyu a gundumomin Solet da Shim tare da karfin tanadin tan dubu 30.
Tsarin iri
Ci gaban dankalin Turawa bashi yiwuwa ba tare da kayan iri masu inganci ba. A cikin yankin Novgorod, an kafa gonaki dankalin turawa guda biyar.
Yanzu kamfanoni suna bunkasa sosai. A wannan shekara, yankin da ke ƙarƙashin fitattun dankalin turawa ya karu da kashi 8% (idan aka kwatanta da 2014).
An shirya cewa wadannan gonakin zasu samar da tan dubu 8 na tumatirin dankalin turawa. Mataki na gaba shine ƙirƙirar dakin gwajin ƙwayar dankalin turawa, ba tare da yaduwar cutar ba.
Furanni
Uku sakandare na sana'a ilimi cibiyoyin aikin gona profile da Cibiyar Aikin Noma da albarkatun kasa na NovGU suna nasarar aiki a cikin Novgorod yankin. Suna samarwa yankin kwararrun ma'aikata. Kowace shekara waɗannan cibiyoyin ilimi suna ba da difloma ga ƙwararrun masanan 400 na ilimin sakandare da ƙwararru 50 na ƙwararren ilimin ƙwarewar, mafi yawan waɗanda suka kammala karatun suna ci gaba da ayyukansu na ƙwarewa a cikin manyan kamfanonin noma na yankin.
Abubuwan da suka dace
Babban burin yankin a fagen aikin gona shi ne isa ga wadata mazauna tare da kayayyakin abinci waɗanda ake samarwa a ƙasar Novgorod. Dangane da wannan, shugabanci mai dankalin turawa zai iya zama abin koyi ga sauran. Yankin ya rigaya ya wadatu da dankali yau. A shekara mai zuwa an shirya samar da tan dubu 400 na dankali, kuma akwai kwarin gwiwa cewa wannan aikin na gaske ne kuma mai matuƙar warwarewa.
A yankin akwai shawarwari kan wuraren saka hannun jari don ci gaban bangarori daban-daban, wasu daga cikinsu sun riga sun kasance masu buƙatu saboda yanayin yanayin saka hannun jari da aka kirkira a yankin.
Editocin sun gode wa Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma da Abinci na yankin Novgorod saboda shirya kayan.
