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Taki ba zai iya haɓaka haɓakar shuka kawai ba, har ma zuwa babban adadin inganta yanayin phytosanitary na shuka dankalin turawa dangane da R. Solani da haɓaka ingancin sakamakon tubers. Gabatar da cikakken takin ma'adinai a ƙarƙashin amfanin gona yana rage haɓakawa da yaduwar rhizoctoniosis akan gabobin ƙasa da sau 1,2-1,6, kuma yana haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa mai lafiya da 3-5 t / ha kuma yana rage yawan mutanen su tare da sclerotia da 1,3-1,5. sau.
Hasken zafi
Haske, wanda ke shafar shuka shuka, yana da tasirin sa kai tsaye akan pathogen. Ƙunƙarar haske na tubers yana rage lalacewar sprouts ta rhizoctonia ta hanyar haɓaka ayyukansu masu mahimmanci. A germination na tubers a cikin haske take kaiwa zuwa samuwar sprouts tare da wani babban abun ciki na busassun kwayoyin halitta da sucrose, wani mafi girma aiki na oxidative enzymes, da kuma kira na hadaddun m Organic mahadi, wanda ya sa su resistant zuwa cutar.
Zaɓin iri-iri
Gabatar da nau'ikan dankalin turawa masu jure rhizoctoniosis cikin samarwa na iya zama ɗayan mafi inganci, amintaccen muhalli da kuma hanyoyin da ba su da tsada don kariyar amfanin gona daga wannan cuta. Dangane da sakamakon binciken, an gano cewa babu nau'ikan da ke da cikakkiyar juriya ga wannan cuta, amma tare da ingantaccen tsarin aikin gona, irin su Zhukovsky farkon, Lvovyanka, Tomich, Oredezhsky, Escort da Fresco suna da kaddarorin. mafi girman juriya da juriya ga yawan mutanen Siberiya na naman gwari R. Solani.
Jiyya na dasa tubers
Ko da an lura da duk matakan agrotechnical, miya kayan irin dankalin turawa ya kasance hanya ta wajibi, tun da a halin yanzu babu kusan batches na dasa tubers lafiya, ba cutar da naman gwari R. Solani ba. M matakin zama na dankalin turawa iri tubers ne a halin yanzu 20%. Bugu da ƙari, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da yiwuwar tarawa na pathogen a cikin ƙasa, wanda a matsakaici ya kai 20 propagules a kowace g 100 na ƙasa. Dangane da gwajin phytosanitary na kayan iri da ƙasa, an yanke shawara akan buƙatar preplant magani na tubers. Adadin magunguna don sanya kayan shuka dankalin turawa a halin yanzu sun haɗa da samfuran halittu da kayan aikin fungicides na asalin sinadarai.
Bayanan gwaji sun nuna cewa yin amfani da mai kare Maxim 0,25 KS yana rage asarar tsire-tsire daga rhizoctoniosis, da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na gabobin karkashin kasa tare da cutar sau 1,5. A matsakaita, maganin fungicide yana ba da haɓakar yawan amfanin ƙasa masu lafiya a cikin adadin 2,5 t/ha, amma wannan ƙimar na iya bambanta dangane da amfanin gona da ke gaban dankalin turawa.
Kulawar Saukowa
Ƙunƙarar ƙasa, yana tsoma baki tare da dumama ƙasa, yana taimakawa wajen cin nasarar amfanin gona ta hanyar rhizoctoniosis. Saboda gaskiyar cewa causative wakili na cutar rinjayar ba kawai horar da shuke-shuke, amma kuma daji, da yawa weeds (thistle thistle, farin gauze, Mountaineers, da dai sauransu) su ne tushen kamuwa da cuta a agrocenosis. Sabili da haka, babban aikin kula da dasa dankali shine harrowing. Kafin fitowar seedlings, ya zama dole don aiwatar da 2 harrowings da na uku - don seedlings. Har ila yau, a cikin yaki da weeds, ana iya amfani da magungunan herbicides, wanda ke ba da damar ba kawai don kawar da ajiyar kwayoyin cutar ba, amma har ma don ƙara yawan amfanin gona.
Amfani da masu kula da girma
Don haɓaka hanyoyin haɓaka girma, haɓaka juriya na dankali zuwa rhizoctoniosis da ingancin samfuran da aka samu, ana ba da shawarar kula da tubers kafin dasa shuki, tsire-tsire a cikin lokacin budding - farkon fure tare da masu kula da girma dangane da potassium ko sodium salts na humic. acid (Potassium ko sodium humates, Beres-4, Gumostim), triterpene acid (Siliki, Novosil, Verva), da dai sauransu.
Ana tsarkake sabis
Wajibi ne a fara girbi ba daga baya fiye da kwanaki 7 bayan mutuwar ko lalata saman, tun da ci gaba da kasancewar tubers a cikin ƙasa yana haifar da karuwa a cikin mulkin mallaka tare da sclerotia na naman gwari.
Jerin littattafan da aka yi amfani da su:
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Kula da rhizoctoniosis a cikin dankalin turawa agroecosystems a Yammacin Siberiya / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, N.M. Konyaev. - Novosibirsk, 2006. - 196 p.
- Shaldyaeva E.M. Inganta yanayin phytosanitary na shuka dankalin turawa ta amfani da tsaban rapes ɗin bazara azaman amfanin gona mai koren taki / E.M. Shaldyaeva, Yu.V. Pilipova, M.P. Shatunova // Kariyar Shuka a Siberiya: Sat. kimiyya tr. malamai da daliban da suka kammala karatun digiri na Faculty of Plant Protection. - Novosibirsk, 2003. - S. 77-83.
- Cubeta MA Ilimin halittu na Rhizoctonia solani hadaddun / MA Cubeta, R. Vilgalys // Phytopathology. - 1997. - V. 87. - P. 480-484.
- Kronland WC Tsaftace dabarar zamewa don lura da anastomosis da yanayin nukiliya na Rhizoctonia solani / WC Kronland, ME Stanghelllini // Phytopathology. - 1988. - V. 78. - Р.820-822.
- Ogoshi A. Ecology da cututtukan cututtuka na anastomosis da ƙungiyoyin intraspecific na Rhizoctonia solani Kűhn / A. Ogoshi // Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. - 1987. - V. 25. - P. 125-143.
- Ogoshi A. Rhizoctonia jinsin da anastomosis kungiyoyin haddasa tushen rubewar alkama da sha'ir a cikin Pacific Nothwest / A. Ogoshi, RJ Cook, EH Bassett // Phytopathology. - 1990. - V. 80. - P. 784-788.
- Shaldiyeva EM Nazarin tsarin tsarin ƙasa na Siberiya na Rhizoctonia spp. / EM Shaldiyeva, YV Pilipova // Abstracts na 4 Binciken Taro na EFPP na kasa da kasa da kuma Gane cututtuka na Shuka. - Jamus, Bonn, 1996. - P. 80.