Kamfanin dillancin labarai na FruitNews.ru ya wallafa nazarin halin da ake ciki a kasuwar kayan lambu na Rasha a cikin kakar 2018/2019.
Don ƙarin kimanta halin da ake ciki tare da girbi na kayan gida da kuma gasa tare da shigo da kayayyaki a cikin lokacin wadata ɗaya, muna la'akari da hoton kasuwa na watanni 12 daga Yuli 1 zuwa 30 ga Yuni na shekara mai zuwa. Ana yin nazarin adadin samar da samfuran gida a cikin wannan bita ta la'akari da alamun ƙungiyoyin aikin gona, 'yan kasuwa ɗaya da gonakin manoma.
A kan bangon haɓakar haɓakar samfuran gida gabaɗaya, shigo da sabbin kayan lambu zuwa Rasha a cikin kakar 2018/2019. ya ragu da kashi 9% ko kusan tan dubu 220 idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata. An samu raguwar shigo da kaya daga kasashen waje musamman saboda raguwar kayan dankalin turawa. A lokaci guda, samar da kayan lambu na Rasha na bude ƙasa ya ragu da 2% - ta 96 dubu ton, yayin da kayan lambu masu kariya, akasin haka, ya karu da 14% - ta 161 dubu ton.
Dankali
Samar da dankalin turawa a Rasha a cikin kakar 2018/2019. ya karu da 6% ko 414 dubu ton. Gibin ya kai tan miliyan 7,158. Masu kera dankalin turawa na Rasha sun kasa karya rikodin 2015, amma gabaɗayan yanayin haɓakar samarwa yana ci gaba.
Tebur 3. Samar da dankali a Rasha 1990 - 2018 * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Ana shigo da kayayyaki, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, ya ragu da 45% daga ton dubu 569 a cikin kakar 2017/2018. har zuwa ton dubu 316 a cikin 2018/2019
Kayayyaki daga Masar sun ragu kusan sau 3 - daga ton dubu 359 zuwa ton dubu 127. Kayayyakin daga sauran manyan masu samar da kayayyaki - Azerbaijan, China, Belarus, Isra'ila, Maroko da sauransu - suma sun ragu. A lokaci guda, Pakistan ta ninka kasancewarta a kasuwar Rasha - daga ton dubu 2 zuwa tan dubu 18.
Kabeji
Girbin kabeji a shekarar 2018 ya ragu da kashi 16% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata kuma ya kai tan dubu 873. Rabon gonaki a cikin jimlar girbi yana girma. Don haka a cikin 2018, manoma sun riga sun girma fiye da rabin jimlar yawan girbi - 445 dubu ton. Ya kamata a lura da cewa ƙarar samar da kabeji a gonaki a cikin bayanan Rosstat kwanan nan an daidaita shi don tsawon lokacin tun daga 2007 yayin sake lissafin lokaci na alamomin mutum dangane da sakamakon ƙidayar Noma ta Rasha ta 2016. Irin wannan yanayin ya samo asali ga adadin wasu kayan lambu.
Tebur 5. Samar da kabeji a Rasha 1990-2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Dangane da raguwar samarwa, shigo da kabeji a cikin kakar 2018/2019. ya karu daga tan dubu 90 zuwa tan dubu 113. Daga cikin manyan masu samar da kayayyaki, Iran ta tashi daga matsayi na 5 zuwa na 3, inda ta sake dawo da matsayinta a matsayi na uku sannan ta kara yawan kayan kabeji daga ton dubu 6 (a shekarar 2017/2018) zuwa tan dubu 15. China da Uzbekistan sun ci gaba da rike matsayinsu na kan gaba a kasuwar shigo da kabeji ta Rasha. Belarus da Kazakhstan, akasin haka, sun rage yawan samar da kayayyaki, wanda zai iya zama saboda raguwar sake fitar da kayayyaki ko kuma cire gaba ɗaya na adadin kabeji da aka saba bayarwa ga Rasha daga masu samar da Poland zuwa kasuwar inuwa.
Karas
Bayan girma mai girma a cikin shekaru hudu da suka gabata, noman karas a shekarar 2018 ya ragu da kashi 4%, girbin ya kai tan dubu 810.
Tebur 6. Samar da karas a Rasha 1990 - 2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Ana shigo da karas a cikin 2018/2019 ya nuna dan karuwa - kuma daga 180 dubu 187 a shekara a baya ya karu zuwa ton dubu XNUMX. Isra'ila, Belarus, da China sun kasance shugabannin.
Beetroot
A cikin kasuwar gwoza a cikin 2018, an sami karuwar samar da gida - da 11% zuwa ton dubu 427. Waɗannan alkaluma ne na rikodi a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata. Shekara guda da ta gabata, an tattara tan dubu 384, kuma a cikin 2016 - 404 dubu ton. Waɗannan su ne mafi girman matakan girbi tun farkon 90s. A haƙiƙa, kundin samarwa a wannan rukunin ya wuce matakin 1991.
Tebur 8. Samar da gwoza a Rasha 1990-2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Ana shigo da beets cikin Rasha ƙanana ne. A cikin kakar 2018/2019, ya kasance kusan a matakin shekarar da ta gabata - 25 dubu ton. Kasar Sin ta kasance kan gaba wajen samar da kayayyaki, inda ta samar da sama da kashi 80% na adadin da ake shigo da gwoza a kasuwannin Rasha. A sa'i daya kuma, kayayyakin da ake samu daga kasar Sin sun karu sosai, yayin da na sauran kasashen da ke kan gaba wajen samar da kayayyaki - Moldova, Isra'ila, Belarus, da Turkiyya - suka ragu matuka.
Albasa
Girbin albasa ya ragu da kashi 11%, adadin ya kai tan miliyan 2018 a shekarar 1,034. A lokaci guda, yawancin girbi - 661 dubu ton - manoma ne suka noma.
Tebur 10. Samar da albasa a Rasha 1990-2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Dangane da raguwar girbi, shigo da albasa zuwa Rasha a cikin 2018/2019 ya karu da 18% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata kuma ya wuce tan dubu 200. Masar ta zama ta farko a tsakanin masu fitar da albasa zuwa Rasha, inda ta kara yawan kayayyaki da sama da kashi 60%. Sai kuma China, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Netherlands da sauran kasashe.
Kayan kayan lambu na ƙasa
A cewar Rosstat, girbin kayan lambu na greenhouse a cikin 2018 ya kai tan miliyan 1,135. Idan aka kwatanta da bara, lokacin da girbin ya kai ton dubu 974, an samu karuwar kashi 17%. A cewar ma'aikatar noma, kusan kashi 60% na amfanin gonakin da ake nomawa ana samun su ne daga cucumbers, kimanin kashi 38,5% daga tumatir, sannan kuma kashi 1,5% na amfanin gonakin korayen da sauran kayan lambu (kwai, barkono barkono, da sauransu) muna iya cewa. cewa karuwar girbi a cikin wannan nau'in ya riga ya kasance mai kwanciyar hankali tun daga 2011, amma a nan gaba yanayin zai iya canzawa saboda raguwar shirye-shiryen tallafi na gina gine-ginen gine-gine da kuma bacewar yiwuwar haɗa gine-ginen greenhouse zuwa wutar lantarki mai rahusa. . A sa'i daya kuma, bayan karuwar gasa a tsakanin masu noman kokwamba, karuwar noman da ake samu a cikin shekaru biyu da suka wuce, ya fi daukar hankalin tumatur da sauran amfanin gona. Baya ga ayyukan gargajiya na noman cucumbers, tumatur da ganyaye, rukunin gine-ginen suna yin gwaji tare da shuka eggplants, barkono har ma da berries.
Tebur 12. Samar da kayan lambu masu kariya a Rasha 1990-2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Buɗe tumatir ƙasa
Girbin tumatir a fili a cikin 2018 ya kai ton dubu 893 (+11% idan aka kwatanta da girbin 2017), yana ci gaba da haɓakar shekaru huɗu. An samu karuwar karuwar noman tumatur na yanayi a cikin shekarar 2017, lokacin da aka fara aiki da manyan masana'antu daga noma zuwa noman tumatur, kuma girbin irin wannan nau'in a kasar ya karu da daya da daya. rabin sau sama da shekara.
Tebur 14. Samar da tumatur na ƙasa a Rasha 1990 - 2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdiga ta Tarayya (2018)
Bude cucumbers ƙasa
A cikin 2018, an girbe ton dubu 124 na cucumbers na ƙasa, wanda tan dubu 73 manoma ne suka noma. Tun daga 2017, haɓaka ya kasance 9%, amma ƙididdigar rikodin 2014, lokacin da aka tattara tan dubu 165, ba za a iya wuce gona da iri ba.
Tebur 15. Samar da cucumbers na ƙasa a cikin Rasha 1990 - 2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)
Shigo da tumatir da cucumbers
Idan aka yi la’akari da ci gaban da ake samu na noman greenhouse da tumatir da cucumber na yanayi, shigo da waɗannan kayan lambu yana raguwa. A kakar 2018/2019. Yawan shigo da tumatir zuwa Rasha ya ragu da kashi 6% zuwa tan dubu 541. Kayayyakin da ake samu daga kasar Sin sun ragu sosai - daga tan dubu 100 zuwa tan dubu 67, Morocco - daga tan dubu 98 zuwa tan dubu 63,5 da Belarus (wato daga masu ba da kayayyaki na Turai) - daga tan dubu 63,3 zuwa tan dubu 49,8. Wadannan kasashe sun mamaye matsayi na uku, na hudu da na biyar a jerin manyan masu shigo da tumatir a kasuwannin Rasha, bi da bi. Shugabanni na kima, masu samar da tumatur na Azerbaijan, sun sami damar kula da yawan jigilar kayayyaki kusan a matakin 2017/2018. Dage takunkumin da aka yi wa kayayyakin da Turkiyya ta yi, ya baiwa masu fitar da kayayyaki daga wannan kasar damar kara fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Rasha da fiye da sau uku, wanda hakan ya sa masu fitar da kayayyaki daga Turkiyya suka zo na biyu.
Shigo da cucumbers ya ragu da 18% daga 137 dubu zuwa 116 ton dubu. Kusan duk manyan masu samar da kayayyaki sun rage kayayyaki, gami da shugabanni kamar Iran, China, Belarus, Azerbaijan da Turkiyya. A lokaci guda, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan da Armeniya sun karu a kasuwannin Rasha, suna mamaye layi na shida, bakwai da takwas a cikin jerin manyan masu samar da kayayyaki.
Sauran kayan lambu (barkono mai zaki, eggplants, salads, ganye)
A cewar Rosstat, jimlar karuwar yawan amfanin kayayyakin a cikin sauran nau'in kayan lambu a cikin 2018 ya kasance 19% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata. Gibin ya kai tan dubu 567, wanda tan dubu 305 daga cikin gonakin manoma suka fito. Wannan rukunin yana haɓaka sosai, sabbin ayyuka da yawa suna bayyana a ciki. A lokaci guda, don barkono da eggplants, buƙatar shuka seedlings a cikin greenhouses shine iyakanceccen abu, saboda yana buƙatar zuba jari mai mahimmanci, wanda sau da yawa ba zai yiwu ba ga kananan gonaki.
Tebur 17. Samar da sauran kayan lambu a Rasha 1990 - 2018 (tons) * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdiga ta Tarayya (2018)
Sakamakon haka, wannan rukunin yana riƙe babban kaso na samfuran da aka shigo da su akai-akai. Misali, shigo da barkono mai dadi a cikin kakar 2018/2019. adadin ya kai ton dubu 152, wanda ya ragu da tan dubu 8.
Kamar yadda aka ƙirƙiri sabbin hanyoyin dabaru kuma kasuwa ta daidaita, kayayyaki na koren salati suna girma a shekara ta biyu a jere a cikin kakar 2018/2019. Shigo da irin wannan nau'in samfurin ya kai ton dubu 41. Jagora a cikin masu samar da kayayyaki ya kasance Iran, wacce shekara daya a baya ta tura Belarus zuwa matsayi na biyu, ta hanyar, tun daga 2014, ana ba da kayayyakin da aka noma a Spain, Italiya da sauran kasashen Turai zuwa kasuwar Rasha. Sai kuma Masar da China da Uzbekistan da Tunisiya da kuma Maroko.
Girbin zucchini da kabewa a cikin 2018 sun nuna kuzarin kaikayi da yawa. Girbin zucchini ya karu da 15% zuwa ton dubu 105, amma har yanzu yana da nisa daga matakin rikodin 2015, lokacin da gonaki da manoma na Rasha suka girbe tan dubu 178 na irin waɗannan kayan lambu. Noman kabewa, wanda ya kai tan dubu 198 a cikin wannan shekarar ta 2015, ya ci gaba da raguwa tun daga lokacin. A cikin 2018, girbin kabewa a Rasha ya ragu da 11% zuwa ton dubu 106.
Table 21. Zucchini samar a Rasha 1990 - 2018 * tushen: Federal State Statistics Service (2018)
Tebur 22. Samar da kabewa a Rasha 1990 - 2018 * tushen: Ma'aikatar Kididdigar Jihar Tarayya (2018)