Cututtukan noma suna haifar da asarar amfanin gona sama da dala biliyan 100 a kowace shekara. Magungunan kashe qwari na gargajiya suna aiki amma suna iya zama mai guba. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin sinadarai da ake amfani da su ga tsire-tsire suna tasowa a cikin ƙasa, ruwa ko abinci kuma suna yin mummunar tasiri ga kwari masu amfani kamar kudan zuma da malam buɗe ido.
Yawancin kwari masu cutarwa, ciyawa, ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi phytopathogenic sun haɓaka juriya ga magungunan kashe qwari. Manoma suna da ƴan zaɓuɓɓuka kaɗan don kula da kwari da ke da alaƙa da muhalli.
Shekaru da yawa, manoma sun yi amfani da magungunan kashe qwari masu inganci na tushen mai a cikin nau'in neonicotinoids, pyrethroids, carbamates da organophosphates. Wadannan abubuwa suna kashe komai, ciki har da kwari masu amfani, suna lalata tsire-tsire kuma suna zama a cikin muhalli na shekaru masu yawa, suna lalata ingancin ƙasa da gurɓata albarkatun ruwa.
GreenLight Biosciences yana neman madadin kayayyakin kariya na amfanin gona zuwa magungunan kashe qwari. Cibiyar binciken su ita ce RNA. A cikin wannan aikin, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa idan ka yi amfani da dsRNA a cikin wani takamaiman ƙwayoyin cuta - alal misali, kwayoyin cuta - za ka iya tilasta wa kwayoyin cutar su lalata mRNA da kuma hana shi samar da muhimman sunadarai. Bugu da ƙari, masana kimiyya sun sami damar kafa wata fasaha don kashe wasu kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Sanin wannan bayanin, masu binciken sun ƙera feshin RNA na musamman waɗanda ke kaiwa ga takamaiman kwayar halitta ko haɗin ƙwayoyin cuta. Don haka, kamfanin GreenLight Biosciences yana aiki akan ƙirƙirar feshin da ke aiki akan tsarin rigakafi na asu kabeji. Idan, bayan lokaci, kwaro ya haɓaka juriya ga fesa, masana kimiyya na iya canza abun da ke cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi cikin sauƙi. Ana iya amfani da kwayoyin RNA don daidaita maganganun kwayoyin halitta. Yin amfani da amintaccen maganin RNA ga tsirrai zai kashe kwari yayin kiyaye shukar lafiya da rage tasirin muhalli.
Bugu da kari, GreenLight Biosciences yana ba da feshin RNA wanda ke hana ƙwayar dankalin turawa ta Colorado. Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA) na gwada feshin a halin yanzu. Sashen zai yanke hukunci na ƙarshe a tsakiyar 2022.
Masana kimiyya sun himmatu wajen samar wa manoma amintattu, masu tsada da tsare-tsare masu amfani da kwayoyin cuta wadanda ke hana kwari yayin da suke kare amfanin gona, masu pollinators da filaye kafin da bayan girbi.