Dankalin da ake nomawa a gonakin yankinmu yana da ban mamaki kamar shinkafa ko auduga. A zamanin Soviet, ana yin shi a gonakin gwamnati saboda ƙarancin abinci. Me ya sa manoma a yanzu su ɗauki tubers waɗanda ba a so ga yanayin gida?
Mafi yawan yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin dankali suna cikin gundumar Gorodishchensky. A bara, an noma a can akan hekta 1293 kuma an tattara ton dubu 42. Girbin wannan yanki na yanayi da ƙasa mai haske ya fi kyau, kuma ya karu sosai idan aka kwatanta da bara.
Misali, a daya daga cikin gonaki mafi girma a cikin 2018, girbi a kowace kadada bai wuce 225 ba - yanzu sun ba da rahoton kashi 393.
"Manoma ba su yi kasa a gwiwa ba wajen bunkasar amfanin gona," in ji Matvey Konyashin, shugaban sashen aikin gona da ilimin halittu na gundumar Gorodishchensky. – Alal misali, Dmitry Kobzev samu 200 centns da hectare a shekara da suka wuce, kuma yanzu wannan adadi ya tashi zuwa 350!
Tabbas, hakan yana faruwa ne saboda bullo da fasahohin zamani, da amfani da takin zamani da na'urorin kariya, amma babban abin da ke faruwa shi ne, a kakar da ta gabata, an tsawaita shayar da makwanni biyu, kuma sakamakon ya yi tsalle. Wato, a cikin 2018, Volgogradmeliovodkhoz ya gama ban ruwa a ranar 1 ga Satumba, kuma a cikin 2019 - a ranar 15th.
Gorodishche gonakin suna amfani da ban ruwa na yayyafawa da drip. Kowannensu yana da nasa abũbuwan amfãni, wanda ya dace da abin da, amma a gaba ɗaya, gida dankalin turawa, da yawa kwarewa, wasu daga zamanin Soviet, kuma suna yin cikakken amfani da shi a cikin wadannan mawuyacin yanayi. Shugaban sashen noma yana da kwarin gwiwar cewa yankin zai ci gaba da rike matsayinsa na kan gaba a wannan masana'antar.
Shekaru goma don tsira
Yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanayi a yankin Leninsky sun fi tsanani, amma ko a nan dankali ya fara yin tushe. Daya daga cikin majagaba a cikin wannan al'amari shi ne manomi Vladimir Vybornov.
"Ko da a cikin zafinmu, tare da ban ruwa, ta yin amfani da ƙwararrun nau'ikan iri, za ku iya samun girbi," in ji Vladimir Vladimirovich kuma ya ce don dasa shuki yana amfani da "juyin halitta" iri-iri - tsakiyar farkon, mai girma, tare da ja. fata.
Dan takarar Kimiyyar Noma Vladimir Vybornov ya kuma gano a aikace fa'idodin yanayin zafi: kusan babu cututtukan dankalin turawa a nan, kuma akwai ƙarancin kwari. To, menene game da ƙwayar dankalin turawa na Colorado?
Manomi ya yi imanin cewa wannan ba shine mafi muni ba. Ya dasa dankali a cikin nau'i-nau'i, yana kula da su tare da ci gaba da ciyawa - wannan yana kashe ba kawai kwari masu cutarwa ba, har ma da weeds. Kuma a lokacin girma, layuka suna hawa sau biyu, suna lalata ciyawa lokaci guda.
"Hakika, watering," in ji Vybornov. - Ban ruwa mai yawa; idan ba mu da lokaci, muna amfani da yayyafawa.
Hakanan ba za ku iya yin ba tare da taki ba. Kafin shuka dankali, suna yin nazarin ƙasa kuma suna ƙididdige abubuwan gina jiki da za a buƙaci a lokacin girma da nawa. Mun gano: yawanci talakawa - nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. Af, na ga shuka dankalin turawa a gonar Vybornov a lokacin rani. Kamar dai ba a cikin yankin hamada na yankin Volga ba, a cikin zafi da ƙasa mai wuya, amma a kan ƙasa mai baƙar fata mai laushi akwai bushes, kore da ko da, babu rashin tausayi ko matattu.
Manomin ya kwashe shekaru goma yana noman dankalin turawa, ba tare da ya rasa ko daya kakar ba, kuma ya yi imanin cewa amfanin gona yana da daraja - ba don komai ba ne ya watsar da karas da aka saba da su a cikin wadannan sassa (ya kuma shuka su shekaru da yawa). , kuma ya bar dankali.
Amfani mai gasa
Manomi Natalya Serova daga gundumar Sredneakhtubinsky shima ya fara noman dankali kadan da kadan, daga hekta daya. Ya nuna sakamakon a cikin kantin sayar da nasa: a wasu gidajen da aka saya a wasu yankuna, kusa da su akwai fakiti iri ɗaya tare da tubers girma a gida. Ba za ku iya bambanta ta bayyanar ba, sai da dandano.
Mataimakin shugaban kwamitin noma na yankin Sergei Chumakov ya yi imanin cewa, ko ta yaya muke son inganta gasa dankalin gida, ba za mu iya yin ba tare da sake fasalin ƙasa ba. Kuma waɗannan ƙarin farashi ne.
A kudu, dankali yana girma a baya, a cikin yankunan arewa yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanayi sun fi kyau. Menene amfanin noman amfanin gona a yankinmu?
"Amfanin dankalinmu ya bambanta," in ji Sergei Pavlovich. - Bayan girbi, saboda shayarwa, koyaushe yana da tsabta, wanda ke nufin farashin fasaha na sarrafawa ya ragu.
Gonakin Volgograd galibi suna samar da tubers don samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta: ton dubu 25 a kowace shekara, kuma hakan yana ba da damar kowane kamfani na aikin gona ya gina ingantaccen tsarin samar da shi. Akwai manyan gonaki guda biyar a yankin, kowannensu yana shiga kwangilolin "dogayen". Samun wuraren ajiyar namu yana ba mu damar tsawaita lokutan bayarwa har zuwa Maris har ma da Afrilu.
A wannan yanayin, watakila yana da daraja ƙara yankin ƙarƙashin amfanin gona? Sergei Chumakov ya yi imanin cewa, har yanzu babu wasu dalilai na wannan. Kasuwar ta kayyade wurin, don haka a duk shekara za mu shuka wannan amfanin gona a kan hekta dubu biyu, a kara ko rage kadada 100.