A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, an gudanar da Babban Taron Agronomic na Rasha-duka a zaman wani ɓangare na Agrofarm Nunin Kasa-da-ƙasa
Shirye-shirye
A ranar 6 ga Fabrairu, an gudanar da Babban Taron Agronomic na Rasha-baki daya a zaman wani bangare na bikin Agrofarm na kasa da kasa na shekarar 2019. A yayin taron tare da halartar jagorancin Ma’aikatar Aikin Gona, wakilan jihar Duma da shugabannin gwamnatocin yanki na hadaddun masana’antu, an tattara sakamakon ci gaban aikin gona a shekarar 2018, gami da ayyuka na nan gaba.
HUKUNCINSA DA SAURARA
Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka sa gaba a ayyukan bunkasa harkar noma a shekarar 2024, Mataimakin Ministan Farko Dzhambulat Khatuov ya kira tabbatar da tabbataccen tarin hatsi a matakin tan miliyan 137,5 tare da yiwuwar fitarwa sama da tan miliyan 55 a shekara.
Don cimma nasarar waɗannan alamomin, ƙungiyoyin sarrafa kayan masana'antu na yanki suna buƙatar bincika ƙasar noma da ba a amfani da ita kuma tabbatar da gabatarwar su cikin wurare.
Hakanan a shekara ta 2019, yankuna sun dauki nauyin karin kashi uku a fannin iyakokin kasa, zuwa kadada dubu 775, ta amfani da matakan tallafi na jihohi.
Kamar yadda aka lura a yayin taron, a shekarar da ta gabata, duk da mawuyacin yanayin yanayi, saboda amfani da fasahohin aikin gona na zamani, rukunin masana'antar agro-masana'antu ta Rasha ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako, kuma an kafa bayanai a cikin tarin amfanin gona na mutum. Don haka, bisa ga ƙididdigar farko, an tara tan miliyan 19,2 na albarkatun mai: babban girbin sunflower ya kai tan miliyan 12,6, waken soya - tan miliyan 3,9, fyade da aka yi - tan miliyan 1,98.
A karon farko, babban girbin kayan marmari na kore ya wuce tan miliyan 1. Yayin da suke hanzarta ci gaban masana'antar, manoma na gida cikin shekaru 3-4 masu zuwa zasu iya biyan bukatun gida na kayan lambu.
MULKIN NA SAMA
Roman Nekrasov, Daraktan Sashen Kula da Shuka, Mechanization, Chemicalization da Itace kariya ta Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na Tarayyar Rasha.
Ya jaddada cewa aikin gona dangane da yadda ake aiwatar da fasahar sadarwa na daya daga cikin bangarorin tattalin arziki na zamani. Dangane da wannan, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona tana aiwatar da wani sashin aiki na "Digital Agriculture". Manufar Aikin: sauyin aikin gona ta hanyar gabatar da fasahar dijital da hanyoyin samar da tsari don tabbatar da ci gaban fasahar a cikin masana'antar yaduwar masana'antu da cimma nasarar ninki biyu a yawan ayyukan kwadago a masana'antar noma na dijital nan da 2021.
Daraktan sashen girma na shuka ya gabatar da yankuna matukan jirgi (wadanda suka hada da: Belgorod, Samara, Jamhuriyar Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Mordovia, da sauransu), filayen da zasu aiwatar da tsarin tsari kan gabatar da fasahar dijital ta yadda a gaba za a iya yin kirkirar kyawawan aiyuka a duk kasar.
KARANTA TARIHIN UNLESS
A cikin 2019, an rarraba dala biliyan 11,34 don samar da tallafi wanda ba a haɗa shi ba a cikin amfanin gona.
Da yake magana game da ka’idojin rarraba wannan adadin tsakanin masu samar da kayan gona, daraktan sashen noman ya nuna cewa, kamar yadda ya gabata, za a samar da tallafin ga gonaki da ke cikin aikin hatsi, kayan kiwo, da kayan amfanin gona. Masu samar da dankali iri, kayan lambu na ƙasa mai buɗewa, masara, beets sugar, fure-fure, flax, hemp na fasaha kuma zasu sami tallafi.
A lokaci guda, adadin biya zai ninka da kashi 15% ga waɗancan kamfanonin da ke ingiza yankin da aka shuka. Saboda haka, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na Tarayyar Rasha tana shirin bunkasa ci gaban inshorar aikin gona a ƙasar.
Ana ware ƙarin kudade don haɓaka wani yanki mai mahimmanci wanda hukumar ta amince da ɗayan ɗayan manyan abubuwan da za a yi amfani da su don shekaru masu zuwa: ƙungiyar aiki akan iyakance ƙasa na acidic. A cewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na Tarayyar Rasha, akwai kusan kashi 30% na irin wannan ƙasa a Rasha, liming zai zama muhimmin mataki a cikin aikin don haɓaka yawan haihuwarsu. Ga gonaki waɗanda ke da hannu cikin wannan aiki, ana bayar da tallafin ne tare da ma'anar 2.0.
Ofayan mahimman yanayi don samun tallafin zai zama amfani da kasuwancin aikin gona na irin waɗannan nau'ikan ko nau'ikan halittun waɗanda aka haɗe a cikin Ayyukan Registerasawar Cika Statea'idodin Jiha kuma an amince dasu don amfani a yankin da ake aiwatar da namo. A lokaci guda, halayen ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayar shuka shine ya dace da GOST R 52325-2005.
Bugu da kari, batun kasafin kudi zai shafi yankin. Don gonaki na yankin Ba-Black Duniya na Rasha (wanda ke cikin yankunan da ke fuskantar fari da ambaliyar ruwa), kazalika da Yankin Siberian Tarayya, Yankin Tarayya na Gabas, Jamhuriyar Crimea da kuma birnin Sevastopol, za a biya tallafin tare da haɓaka mai yawan 1,7.
Amma yankuna tare da yanayin yanayin yanayin da ya fi dacewa (Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Tambov, Rostov yankuna, Krasnodar da Stavropol Territories) ba za su sami tallafin a fannin samar da amfanin gona ba a wannan shekara (ban da rabon da aka rarraba dangane da tsananin inshorar yankin amfanin gona) .
LAWAN AIKI
Wani muhimmin yanki na aikin Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na Tarayyar Rasha shine ayyukan majalisa. Kamar yadda Roman Nekrasov ya lura, a cikin 2019 Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na shirin shiga cikin shirye-shiryen da kuma karɓar waɗannan ayyukan doka da ƙa'idodi:
• Daftarin Doka "Kan Gyare-gyare ga Dokar" Kan Kirkirar Zuriya "da wasu ayyukan doka na Tarayyar Rasha;
• Dokar ta sa ido kan kulawar jihohi ta amintaccen kula da magungunan kashe qwari da magunguna;
• Dokokin sashi don aiwatar da Dokar Tarayya ta Yuli 21.072014, 206 Ba. XNUMX-FZ "A Keɓewar Shuka";
• Daftarin Dokar Tarayya "A Gyara ga Code na Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha game da Laifukan Gudanarwa (dangane da ƙayyadadden tsarin laifin da aka bayar don a cikin Mataki na 9.3 na ofa'idar Laifin Gudanarwa, kazalika da iko ga mambobin da ke gudanar da aikin sa ido a fagen ƙwarewar yanayin motocin da aka girka da wasu nau'ikan kayan aiki );
• Gyare-gyare ga Shirin Jiha don Ci gaban Noma da Dokar Kayayyakin Noma, Kayan kayan abinci da Kasuwancin Abinci.
MUHIMMIYAR ACUTE
An tuna da shekarar 2018 ta masu masana'antar noma a matsayin babban hauhawar farashin mai da mai. Amma wani ɓangare na halin kaka har yanzu ana iya ramawa: a cikin nacewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Tarayyar Rasha, an kasafta dala biliyan 5 daga asusun ajiya na Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha don siyan man dizal don aikin aikin gona, an aika waɗannan kudaden zuwa yankuna 79 na ƙasar.
Kamar yadda Roman Nekrasov ya jaddada, yanzu haka Ma'aikatar Aikin gona tana lura da halin da ake ciki game da kasuwar mai da mai, kuma idan taɓarɓarewar ta faru, za ta sake yin yunƙurin shiga tsakani don rage tasirin manoma.
Babu ƙima a hankali, sashen yana kula da halin da ake ciki a kasuwar takin ma'adinai. Har zuwa tsakiyar watan Nuwamba 2018, an cimma yarjejeniya tsakanin dammar sunadarai da Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona game da daidaita farashin takin zamani ga kamfanonin noman Rasha.
Amma a farkon sabuwar shekara, alamomi sun fara zuwa daga yankuna game da sabon zagaye na farashin hauhawa (bisa ga bayanan farko, ya zuwa karuwar watan Fabrairu a wasu matsayi ya kusan 6%). A cewar babban daraktan zartarwa na Associationungiyar Associationasashen masana'antun ta Rasha Maxim Kuznetsov, mai yiwuwa, an bayyana ƙananan bambancin lambobi ta hanyar karuwa a cikin VAT, da kuma karuwar kuɗin haraji don ayyukan jirgin ƙasa. A cewar wakilin masana'antar sunadarai, a halin yanzu babu wasu abubuwan da ake bukata don hauhawar farashin takin da kansu kai tsaye, koda kuwa ba a fitar da hauhawar farashin farashi ba.
TAMBAYA AKAN HUKUNCIN FARKO NA RUHU
Lokaci mai mahimmanci yayin taron an sadaukar da tattaunawa game da buƙatar haɓaka ingancin injin kayan aikin gona na Rasha kuma, musamman, mahimmancin gwada kowane samfurin da ke fitowa daga layin babban taron kasuwancin gida.
Kamar yadda Jambulat Khatuov ya nuna, nasarar cin nasara da kuma dacewar gwaje-gwaje a yau zai zama ɗayan manyan abubuwan zaɓi yayin samar da tallafi daga jihar don siyan kayan aikin gona. Ba tare da togiya ba, za a gwada duk sabbin kayan aiki a tashoshin gwajin na’ura, wadanda kwararrunsu dole ne su kawo bayanai game da gazawarsa ga masana’antun, wanda hakan zai ba su damar kawar da su cikin kankanin lokaci.
Mataimakin Shugaban na farko ya kuma yi kira ga masu samar da kayan aikin gona da su samar da shafuka don gwajin filayen kwastomomi na Rasha tare da hada hannu don kawo injin kayan gona na cikin wani sabon salo.
MATA
Gennady Alekseev, mataimakin darektan kimiyya a Cibiyar Harkokin Tsarin Kasafin Kasa ta Tarayya ta Rasha, ya yi magana game da yanayin yanayin hunturu na yanzu da tasirinsu ga amfanin gona mai zuwa. Ya lura cewa shuka amfanin gona na hunturu a cikin 2018 a gundumomin Kudancin da kuma Arewacin Arewa sun wuce yayin tsawan lokacin rashin ruwa, a cikin ƙasa mai bushe, wanda ba zai iya shafar ingancin shuki ba.
Zuwa Janairun 2019, kusan 9% na wuraren da aka noma (kusan kadada miliyan 1,55) an ware su a matsayin matsalar kwararru. Amma a cikin watan da ya gabata, yanayin ya inganta sosai. A farkon Fabrairu, an rubuta yanayin rashin amfanin gona a yankin kusan miliyan 0,7 na ha. Don kwatantawa: a cikin 2017, babu kadada sama da kadada miliyan 0,3 da aka rarrabe su azaman tsaurara matakan. Don haka, a cewar wakilin cibiyar Hydrometeorological Center na Rasha, hasashen amfanin gona ga yankuna na kudu na ƙasar ba shine abin fata ba tukuna.
A cikin ƙasar gaba ɗaya, yanayin agrometeorological na kayan amfanin gona na hunturu sun kasance mai gamsarwa. A wasu wurare a cikin Lenin birni, Novgorod, Smolensk, Tver, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Kostroma, Vologda, Kirov da Nizhny Novgorod yankuna, inda a ƙarƙashin babban dusar ƙanƙara (4045 cm ko fiye) daskarewa ƙasa yayi ƙanana (2-10 cm), kuma a wasu wuraren ya kasance narke, yanayi da aka kiyaye don lalacewar amfanin gona hunturu saboda rashin ruwa.
Amma abin da ake tsammani shine, ba shakka, bayani game da bazara. Dangane da hasashen farko na cibiyar Hydrometeorological Center, a watan Maris a yawancin yankuna na ƙasar zai kasance da ɗan zafi (zazzabi a Yankin Tsakiya, Volga, Arewa-Yamma, a babban ɓangaren gundumomin Siberiya da Ural ana tsammanin za su kasance kusa da dan kadan sama da al'ada).
SAURAYI DAGA BAYAN
A takaice taron, Mataimakin Ministan farko Dzhambulat Khatuov ya fitar da muhimman abubuwan da ke nuna cewa masana'antar za ta yi aiki a cikin shekara mai zuwa. Saboda haka, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona na Tarayyar Rasha tana tsammanin cewa yankin da aka noma a Rasha zai karu da kadada miliyan 1,2 kuma adadin zai kai kadada miliyan 80,5.
Rikicin masana'antu na Rasha ya fuskanci aikin samar da akalla tan miliyan 108 na hatsi, fiye da tan miliyan 18 na mai, tan miliyan 41 na beets, game da tan miliyan 7 na dankali, fiye da tan miliyan 6 na kayan lambu a cikin jama'a.
An gano manyan manufofin, lokacin zuwa aiki.