Yanki: 18 Sq. km
Yawan jama'a: 1 mutane, wanda 197% mazauna birnin ne.
Matsayi na yanki: Jamhuriyar tana gabas ne a Gabashin Gabashin Turai, galibi a gefen dama na Volga, tsakanin yankunanta na Sura da Sviyaga.
Sauyin yanayi yanayi na nahiya da ke da yanayi daban-daban, yana da yanayin sanyi mai sanyi da lokacin zafi. Hazo yana faruwa a cikin hunturu da bazara (daga 450 zuwa 550 mm kowace shekara).
Taimako: hadaddun kuma iri-iri. A cikin ƙasa na jamhuriyar akwai wurare masu tsayi da kuma bakin ciki, zurfin kwazazzabo, tsaunukan dune, rairayin bakin teku masu fadama.
Ilsasa: chernozems, gandun daji mai launin toka, sod-podzolic, wani bangare na alluvial. Mafi dacewa ga aikin noma shine chernozems, amma rabonsu yayi ƙasa.
Yankin ƙasar noma: 934,6 dubu ha.
Jamhuriyar Chuvashia tana daya daga cikin manyan yankuna masu samar da dankalin turawa na yankin Non-Chernozem na Rasha, kuma a al'adance tana kan gaba a cikin yankuna na Tarayyar Volga dangane da girbin dankalin turawa. Adadin samar da samfurin ya ninka bukatun mazaunan jamhuriyar.
Yankin dashen dankalin turawa, ha dubu | |||||
2019 shekara | 2020 shekara | 2021 shekara | |||
K (F) X | Kungiyoyin noma | K (F) X | Kungiyoyin noma | K (F) X | Kungiyoyin noma |
3,28 | 3,14 | 2,41 | 2,62 | 2,54 | 2,46 |
Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, yawan kudaden tattarawa a cikin sassan da aka tsara yana raguwa. Kamar yadda yake a sauran yankuna na Rasha, an lura da yawan noman dankali a Chuvashia, farashin kayayyakin ya ragu zuwa matakin farashi da ƙasa, kuma masu aikin gona sun rasa sha'awar wannan amfanin gona. A cikin 2021, buƙatun dankali ya fara girma, amma yanayin ya hana girbi mai kyau: manyan yankunan da ake noman dankalin turawa sun fuskanci fari.
A halin yanzu, kasuwar tana da yanayin yanayin farashi mai kyau ga masu kera dankali da kayan lambu. Dangane da haka, wasu manyan masana'antun aikin gona sun yanke shawarar haɓaka yankin shuka.
Gross girbi dankali, dubu centers | |||||
K (F) X | Kungiyoyin noma | ||||
2019 shekara | 2020 shekara | 2021 shekara | 2019 shekara | 2020 shekara | 2021 shekara |
873,35 | 550,24 | 532,02 | 879,74 | 626,23 | 544,69 |
Yawan dankalin turawa, c/ha | |||
2019 shekara | 2020 shekara | 2021 shekara | |
K (F) X | 267,8 | 228,3 | 241,8 |
Kungiyoyin noma | 283,3 | 239,6 | 222,6 |
Manyan kamfanonin noman dankalin turawa
267 noma Enterprises suna tsunduma a cikin namo dankali a cikin Jamhuriyar, wanda 50 za a iya classified a matsayin manyan (dasa yanki a kan 32 hectares).
Babban samar da aka mayar da hankali a cikin Batyrevsky, Kozlovsky, Komsomolsky gundumomin gundumomi. Suna da kashi 43,3% na yankin dankalin turawa a cikin manyan kayan masarufi (ha 2205).
The most dankalin turawa-girma sha'anin a cikin Chuvash Jamhuriyar ne daidai da la'akari da rukuni na kamfanoni "Glory ga dankalin turawa" ( shugaban Idiatullin Khasiyatulla Semigullovich). Yin amfani da tsarin haɓakawa na zamani, amfani da kayan shuka na haɓaka mafi girma na nau'ikan samar da albarkatu na gida da na waje - duk wannan shine mabuɗin samun nasarar kasuwancin dankalin turawa na tsawon shekaru 20.
Jimillar noman dankalin turawa a shekarar 2021 ya kai kadada 680.
Ana ba wa kamfanoni na rukunin kamfanoni da wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa na zamani tare da tsarin microclimate mai sarrafawa. A kowace shekara, bisa ga rukunin Kamfanoni, ana gudanar da ranar filin dankalin turawa tare da halartar masana'antun injinan noma, masu samar da kayan kariya na shuka, da masu samar da noma.
Muhimman yankuna don noman dankali ana rarraba kowace shekara a cikin tattalin arzikin Baƙau (gona) na Semenov Ivan Vasilyevich. A cikin 2021, gonar ta girma dankali a kan wani yanki na hectare 190. Kamfanin yana amfani da tsarin sake kunnawa a cikin aikinsa, yana ƙara ƙarfin ajiya.
Daga cikin shugabannin dangane da samar da dankalin turawa a cikin jamhuriyar, wanda kuma zai iya lissafa gonakin manoma (noma) na Yamukov Gennady Nikolaevich, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrofirma Istok. Gonakin na amfani da fasahar zamani, suna amfani da na'urori masu cike da kuzari na zamani.
Hanyoyi
Gabaɗaya, an samar da jumhuriya da damar adana dankali. Jimlar yanki na wuraren ajiya don ajiya na lokaci ɗaya shine ton dubu 180, wanda ya zarce adadin samarwa a cikin manyan sikelin. A lokaci guda kuma, akwai buƙatar wuraren ajiya waɗanda ke ba da damar adana dogon lokaci (har zuwa Afrilu-Mayu) ba tare da asarar inganci ba.
Matakan tallafi
Domin bunkasa noman dankalin turawa a cikin jumhuriyar, ana ba da nau'ikan tallafin jihohi masu zuwa:
- diyya na wani ɓangare na farashi don siyan fitattun tsaba na amfanin gona na noma - har zuwa 80% na farashi;
- tallafin da ba ya da alaƙa a fagen samar da amfanin gona (a kowace ha 1 na yankin shuka);
- tallafi don siyan kayan aikin gona (ciki har da haya) - har zuwa 40% na farashi;
- tallafi don siyan kayan aikin gyaran ƙasa - har zuwa 50% na farashi;
- tallafi a cikin aikin aikin don inganta haɓakar ƙasa - har zuwa 90% na farashi;
- lamuni mai rangwame;
- diyya na kashi 20% na farashin kai tsaye da aka yi don gina wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa.
Kiwo da kuma yawan iri
A cikin Jamhuriyar Chuvash, ana ci gaba da aiki kan ƙirƙirar sabbin nau'ikan dankali (masu kiwon dabbobi na Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Chuvash suna gudanar da wannan shugabanci) da samun kayan iri masu inganci.
Ƙungiyar kamfanoni "Glory to Potato" tana aiwatar da wani aikin don ƙirƙirar zaɓi da cibiyar girma iri bisa ga LLC "Agrofirma" Glory to Dankali - Yalchiki ". Itacen yana aiki da dakin gwaje-gwaje don yaduwar microclonal na tsire-tsire.
Agrofirma Glory to Dankali - Yalchiki LLC yana samun nasarar aiki don samun kayan iri na farko da na asali (microplants, minitubers, 1st filin ƙarni, super-superelite), Elite iri dankali (superelite, elite).
A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin, ASK-Yalchiki LLC yana haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan ƙwararrun gida: Meteor, Gulliver, Flame, Krasa Meshchery.
Jerin gonakin iri don dankali kuma ya haɗa da Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Chuvash - reshe na Cibiyar Kimiyyar Kasafin Kuɗi ta Tarayya "FANC na Arewa-maso-Gabas mai suna N.V. Rudnitsky, LLC Agrofirma Slava Dankali, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrokhmel. Reshen Hukumar Kasafin Kudi ta Tarayya "Rosselkhoztsentr" a Jamhuriyar Chuvash ne ke kafa rajistar kowace shekara.
Sakewa
Kamfanonin sarrafa dankalin turawa da dama suna aiki a yankin jamhuriyar. Daga cikin waɗannan, uku sun kware wajen samar da sitacin dankalin turawa: NPO Promservis JSC ( sitaci ba abinci ba), Chuvashenkrakhmal LLC, da Poretsky Starch OJSC. Kamfanoni biyu suna samar da busassun dankali: TAV LLC da K (F) Kh Gafarov I.T. Shemurshinsky gundumar.
Sashen samar da amfanin gona, injiniyoyi, sinadarai da kariyar shuka na Ma'aikatar Noma ta Jamhuriyar Chuvash ne suka samar da kayan.