Ekaterina Kudashkina, Dan takarar Kimiyyar Noma
Salinization na ruwa da ƙasa – Waɗannan manyan ƙalubale ne a harkar noman amfanin gona na zamani. FAO ta yi hasashen cewa nan da shekarar 2050, kashi 50% na filayen noma na duniya za su fuskanci matsalar gishiri. Salinization na ƙasa shine tara yawan adadin gishiri mai narkewa a cikin maganin ƙasa, wanda ke haifar da raguwar haihuwa. Ainihin, muna magana ne game da lalata ƙasa. Babban taro na gishiri yana da mummunar tasiri a kan tushen tsarin shuke-shuke. Saboda gaskiyar cewa matsa lamba osmotic na waje na maganin ƙasa dangane da matsa lamba osmotic a cikin tsire-tsire ya zama mafi girma, a cikin tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su da juriya ga salinity, ikon sha ruwa da abubuwan gina jiki daga waje yana raguwa, kuma ƙarancinsu yana faruwa. ko da a cikin ƙasa mai kyau.
A kan ƙasa mai gishiri, yawan ƙwayar sodium cations yana hana tarawar wasu cations, ciki har da waɗanda suke da muhimmanci ga rayuwar shuka, irin su calcium da potassium. High Na maida hankali+ da/ko Cl- yana hana photosynthesis. Salinity na Chloride yana daya daga cikin mafi haɗari ga tsire-tsire.
Salinity yana rinjayar girma da ci gaban shuke-shuke a kowane matakai - daga germination zuwa maturation, amma musamman karfi a lokacin m matakai na ontogenesis. Sakamakon fallasa na iya zama daban-daban: daga raguwar girman seedlings zuwa cikakken mutuwar tsire-tsire.
Maganin matsalar. Ana iya magance salinity ta amfani da hanyoyin agrotechnical da hanyoyin kiwo. Kiwo amfanin gona don jure wa gishiri hanya ce mai tsayi da tsada, amma na gaba ne, saboda matsalar salinity ba za ta ɓace ba a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. Hanyar agrotechnical ya haɗa da matakai na farfadowa (alal misali, aikace-aikacen phosphogypsum - wajibi ne, amma a cikin yanayin tashin farashin kayan aiki da man fetur da man shafawa, mataki mai tsada) da kuma hadi (amfani da kowane irin gyaran ƙasa da takin mai magani. wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage gishirin ruwa da ƙasa, misali: Ina yawan cin karo da wannan a aikace ta amfani da ammonium nitrate ko phosphoric acid yayin ban ruwa drip).
Daga gwaninta tare da dankali: hanya mafi kyau don jimre da salinization na ƙasa da kuma hana halin da ake ciki daga lalacewa a wuraren ban ruwa shine hadi tare da aikace-aikacen takin Agriful Plus. Agriful Plus taki ne na ruwa don kawar da salinity na ƙasa da tushen biostimulator dangane da fulvic acid.
Mun ga tasirin maganin a fili a daya daga cikin manyan gonaki a yankin Rostov.
Energia LLC shine babban kamfani na yankin. Ana noman amfanin gona iri-iri a nan, akwai kuma sarrafa kansa da kiwo. Ko da a cikin yanayi mara kyau na gabas na yankin Rostov, gonar tana riƙe da gubar a cikin yawan alkama na hunturu.
A cikin 2020, an ƙara dankali Agriful Plus (pH na miyagun ƙwayoyi - 4,7) a kowace digo a cikin adadin lita 5 a kowace hectare a kowace kakar girma.
Bayan aikace-aikacen farko a lokacin budding lokaci a wani sashi na 2,5 l / ha (narkar da a cikin ganga na lita 1000 na ruwa da kuma amfani da shi ta hanyar digo, hoto 1), desalinization na ƙasa ya faru. A sakamakon haka, tabon gishiri a kan drip ban ruwa ya ɓace a cikin kwanaki 3.
An ga tasirin tasirin nan da nan (hoto 2). A gefen hagu ginshiƙan sun kasance da tsabta sosai, amma a hannun dama gishirin gishiri ya kasance kuma har yanzu.
Aikace-aikacen na biyu da na uku na ƙasa biofertilizer Agriful Plus a cikin digo shine 1,25 l / ha yayin lokacin budding - fure da bayan fure, bi da bi (hoto 3).
Bita na bidiyo daga mai aikin noma-kayan lambu yana samuwa akan tashar mu ta YouTube "Agroliga".
Menene fa'idodin gasa na Agriful Plus? Magungunan shine 100% na asalin shuka, samfuran halitta ne gaba ɗaya.
Wannan shine mafi wadataccen wadataccen acid (25%) biofeed a layin takin mu.
Fulvic acid ƙara yawan aikin microflora na halitta da haɓaka tushen tsarin. Suna da sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin danshi na ƙasa kuma suna da ikon ƙirƙirar tare da mono- da divalent cations (misali, tare da K).+, Na+, NH4+, Ka2+, Mg2+) Gishiri mai narkewa da ruwa, wanda ke rage gishirin ƙasa kuma yana ba da damar shuke-shuke don samun mafi kyawun abubuwan gina jiki. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin alkaline sosai (pH> 10), wasu daga cikin fulvic acid na iya haɓaka ta hanyar alli da ions barium. Tare da cations trivalent (Fe3+ da Al3+) fulvic acid na iya hazo ko samar da hadaddun mahadi masu narkewa da ruwa, amma a aikace ban taba cin karo da irin wannan pH na kasa ko ruwa ba. An lura da mafi girman pH na ruwa a cikin yankin Rostov - 8,5.
Agriful Plus kuma ya ƙunshi betaines. Suna taimakawa wajen daidaita matsa lamba na osmotic kuma suna taimakawa inganta wadatar abinci. Bugu da ƙari, betaines yana haɓaka ikon tushen tsarin don sha ruwa, yana ƙara juriya ga tsire-tsire zuwa matsananciyar zafi da ƙarancin zafi da kuma haɓaka haɗin chlorophyll.
Polysaccharides Su ne tushen makamashi, kuma suna ƙara shigar da abubuwan gina jiki da ruwa zuwa cikin kwayoyin shuka da inganta ingancin tubers da tushen amfanin gona.
A cikin duka, polysaccharides, hadaddun bitamin da babban abun ciki na kwayoyin halitta (45%). Agriful Plus farfado da ci gaban ƙasa microflora da mayar da haihuwa. Daga abubuwan lura, ƙasa ta zama sako-sako.
Abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar na Agriful Plus a lokacin girma shine 5-10 l/ha, wanda yake da tsada da inganci. Takin da aka yi amfani da Agriful Plus a haɗe tare da tsarin abinci mai gina jiki na foliar akan dankali ya ba da damar adana 4,7 t/ha idan aka kwatanta da zaɓin tattalin arziki. Yawan amfanin dankalin BP-808 akan makircin gwaji shine 42,5 t/ha, kuma ribar da aka samu shine 42 rubles/ha (ƙasasshen zuba jari).
Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Agriful Plus don ban ruwa na ƙasa: mun sami gogewa na yin amfani da shi a cikin adadin 2,5 l / ha tare da manyan nozzles, tare da ƙimar ruwa mai aiki na 300 l / ha, bayan haka an kunna injin ɗin ruwa. . Don haka, kwana ɗaya ya wuce har motar ta isa ƙarshen da'irar, kuma babu konewa.
Don taƙaitawa, zan sake jawo hankalin masu karatu zuwa ga mahimman abubuwa guda biyu.
- Shirye-shiryen Agritekno, gami da Agriful Plus, suna da takaddun shaida na duniya Ecocert, OMRI, wanda ke tabbatar da yuwuwar amfani da waɗannan samfuran. noman da bai dace da muhalli ba.
- Aikace-aikacen Agriful Plus tare da ban ruwa na drip baya maye gurbin gyaran ƙasa. Wannan wata babbar hanya ce ta hana gishirin ƙasa yin muni a lokacin girma. Matsalolin salinity na ƙasa suna buƙatar aikin da aka tsara, haɗaka da tsarin aiki.
A cikin wannan labarin, mun yi ƙoƙarin bayyana tsarin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi Agriful Plus, saboda kawai idan kuna da bayanan kimiyya da ingantaccen sakamako, zaku iya yin zaɓin da ya dace don samfuran samfuran.
Muna nuna godiya ga ƙungiyar gona da manajan Vladimir Vasilyevich Bukhtiyarov ya wakilta don sabbin hanyoyin fasahar noma da hulɗa mai inganci.
Za ku sami ƙarin labarai game da ƙwarewar amfani da magungunan Agritekno akan gidan yanar gizon www.agroliga.ru a cikin sashin "Media".