A matsayin wani bangare na taron da aka yi a Cibiyar Bincike ta Tarayya ta Dankali mai suna A.G. Lorch "Kiwo da kuma samar da iri na asali: ka'idar, hanya da aiki" wani rahoto mai ban sha'awa ya yi ta Vadim Leonidovich Makhanko, Darakta Janar na Jam'iyyar Republican Unitary Enterprise SPC National Academy of Sciences na Belarus don dankalin turawa da 'ya'yan itace girma, a kan samar da dankalin turawa iri a Belarus. .
Ga muhimman batutuwan jawabin nasa.
Babban yanayin a Belarus shine raguwar wuraren dashen dankalin turawa a cikin kasar tun daga 2015. Hakan ya faru ne saboda hauhawar farashin mai da man shafawa, kayayyakin kariya na shuka da sauran abubuwan fasahar noma. A lokaci guda kuma, manyan wuraren sun ta'allaka ne a cikin filaye na gida masu zaman kansu. Amma yawan amfanin gona da girbi mai yawa yana karuwa a kowane nau'in gonaki.
A Belarus, tarin kwayoyin halitta na dankali shine taska na kasa. Ana kiyaye shi duka a cikin bututun gwaji da kuma azaman tubers. Tarin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan daji, iri, hybrids da samfuran da ake amfani da su sosai wajen kiwo. Wannan matsayi na tarin yana ba da damar samun kuɗin kula da shi da kuma tabbatar da cewa an kula da shi yadda ya kamata.
60% na yankin da ke ƙarƙashin dankali a Belarus suna shagaltar da nau'ikan zaɓin gida, sauran 40% - ta zaɓin Dutch da Jamusanci. A lokaci guda, daga nau'ikan gida a cikin manyan matsayi 10.
Cibiyar kiwo ta Belarusian ta tarihi ta tsunduma cikin nau'ikan dankalin turawa, kuma yanzu wannan yanki yana haɓaka sosai. A kan cibiyar, an kaddamar da wata shuka don samar da soyayyen faransa mai karfin tan dubu 4.
Daya daga cikin sabbin nasarorin da cibiyar ta samu shine Mastak iri-iri. An ɗauki kimanin shekaru 40 na aiki mai ƙwazo don ƙirƙirar shi, wanda ya haifar da nau'ikan nau'ikan rigakafi na musamman ga ƙwayoyin dankalin turawa X da Y.
Wannan iri-iri shine tebur, tsakiyar farkon, ya ƙunshi sitaci 16,5%, yana da tsayayya da ciwon daji, nematode dankalin turawa, tubers suna elongated-oval, rawaya tare da ƙananan idanu, fata yana da santsi, naman rawaya, furanni ja-violet. . Irin nau'in ya dace da girma a kan ƙasa mai haske da matsakaici dangane da abun da ke ciki na granulometric, yana amsawa ga karuwa a bangon abinci mai gina jiki ta hanyar haɓaka rabon yanki na kasuwa, kuma yana da matukar tsayayya ga lalacewar injiniya.
Mafi yawa a kan yankin Jamhuriyar, ana amfani da fasahar ridge na girma dankali. Ga kowane iri-iri, ana zaɓar fasaharta don bayyana iyakar yawan amfanin sa.
Vadim Leonidovich a cikin rahoton nasa ya sha nanata cewa masanin fasahar noma tare da gogewa, iliminsa da basirar sa shine babban jigon samun sakamako mai yawa a cikin samar da dankalin da za a iya kasuwa, da kuma aikin kiwo da samar da iri na wannan amfanin gona.