Ƙungiyar Soyuzstarch ta gudanar da taron kasa da kasa na VIII "ProStarch 2024: yanayin kasuwa don sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi" a Moscow a ranar 19 ga Afrilu a wurin Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na Tarayyar Rasha. A wajen taron, an tattauna halin da ake ciki da kuma al’amuran da ke faruwa a masana’antar sarrafa hatsi.
Taron ya ƙunshi sassa uku: zaman jigo guda biyu da ƙwararrun kwamitin "Klub din Daraktoci", wanda shugabannin manyan masana'antu a masana'antar suka shiga. Taron ya hada wakilai sama da 70 na masana'antu a masana'antar sarrafa hatsi. Mahalarta taron sun tattauna batutuwan da suka shafi kasashe daban-daban a fannin sarrafa hatsi, inda suka yi musayar ra'ayi kan makomar ci gaban masana'antar.
Shugaban Kwamitin Ci Gaban Agro-Industrial Complex na Rukunin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na Rasha Petr Chekmarev ya gabatar da jawabin maraba da bayyana cewa, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan kasar Rasha ta kasance da karfin gwiwa wajen mamaye kasuwar hatsi ta duniya, inda ta ci gaba da kara yawan albarkatun albarkatun kasa a kasashen waje. Duk da haka, saboda yawan haɓaka, farashin kayayyaki ya riga ya faɗi ƙasa da farashin samarwa, yana haifar da babbar matsala ga masu noma. Don haka ya kamata a dakatar da ci gaban noman hatsi da kuma mai da hankali kan ci gaban masana'antar sarrafa kayayyaki a cikin kasar nan. Ya jaddada cewa, Tarayyar Rasha tana sayar da ton miliyan 40-60 na hatsi a duk shekara ga kasashe fiye da 100. A lokaci guda, muna shigo da adadi mai yawa na samfuran da aka yi daga waɗannan albarkatun ƙasa zuwa ƙasashen waje - amino acid, bitamin, samfuran furotin. A cewar Chekmarev, a yau Rasha tana aiwatar da ton miliyan 2,5 na hatsi kawai, amma yakamata ya kai akalla tan miliyan 15. Don yin wannan, muna buƙatar yin aiki sosai tare da kimiyya, ƙware sabbin fasahohi, da haɓaka haɗin gwiwa tare da abokan hulɗar waje ta hanyar ƙirƙirar ayyukan haɗin gwiwa a Rasha.
Oleg Radin, Shugaban kungiyar Soyuzstarch, wanda ya bude taron, ya ce: "Rasha na da dukkan albarkatun da ake bukata don bunkasa manyan masana'antar sarrafa hatsi. Har ila yau, jihar ta tsara duk hanyoyin da za a tallafa wa masana'antar mu. Kuma ko da yake "a halin yanzu" masana'antar ba ta da isassun sha'awar zuba jari saboda babban mahimmin ƙimar, hadaddun dabaru, babban capex, biya na dogon lokaci na ayyukan, sha'awa daga masu zuba jari na girma. Mu ne a farkon hanyar juyin halitta na ci gaban masana'antu kuma shekaru goma masu zuwa za su kasance masu mahimmanci ga masana'antu."
Mataimakin shugaban kasa, shugaban sashen nazari na Gazprombank ya yi magana game da irin kalubalen da zai rage a harkar noma a shekaru masu zuwa. Daria Snitko. Ta bayyana manyan matsaloli guda uku da jihar da kasuwanci za su mayar da hankali a kai. Na farko shi ne karanci a kasuwar kwadago. Dangane da koma bayan bunkasuwar tattalin arziki, kasar Rasha na fuskantar karanci a kasuwar kwadago, gami da aikin gona. Kamfanoni bisa ga al'ada suna magance wannan batu ta hanyar kara albashi. Wahala ta biyu kuma ita ce tsadar kudi, wanda a cewar masana, zai ci gaba da kasancewa mai yawa a shekarar 2024. Wannan al’amari yana matukar kawo cikas ga harkokin zuba jari a masana’antar, musamman a masana’antar sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi, wanda ke bukatar samar da sabbin dabaru. A ƙarshe, ƙalubale na uku shine hauhawar farashin kayan aiki. Aikin noma, kamar sauran sassan tattalin arziki, ana yin gyaran fuska na kayan da ake fitarwa daga yamma zuwa gabas (haka ya shafi shigo da kaya, domin kayan aiki iri daya ne a yanzu ana shigo da su daga kasashen abokantaka). Amfani da dogon hanyoyi yana haifar da ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin farashin kayan aiki na kamfanoni.
Babban Darakta na Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwancin Noma ya gabatar da halin da ake ciki a kasuwar hatsin Rasha Dmitry Rylko. Ya yi hasashen cewa adadin alkama da sha'ir da ake fitarwa za su kai iyakarsu, kuma rabon masara da ake fitarwa zai kai wani adadi na tarihi na kashi 40% na yawan noman da ake nomawa. "Abubuwa masu girma," in ji Dmitry Rylko, su ma suna faruwa a cikin kasuwar wake. Tun daga 2021, Rasha ta kasance tana faɗaɗa yankin da ke ƙarƙashin wannan amfanin gona - wannan kakar za ta ƙaru zuwa kadada miliyan 2,2. Babban “yankin noman fis” da ke son fitar da kayayyaki su ne yankunan Stavropol da Krasnodar, da kuma yankin Rostov. A halin yanzu, Tarayyar Rasha tana fitar da fiye da rabin wake da ake nomawa, galibi zuwa Indiya da China. A wannan kakar, an yi hasashen fitar da wannan amfanin gona aƙalla tan miliyan 2,7, kakar mai zuwa - kusan tan miliyan 2,8, idan an sami girbi mai kyau. Ya zuwa yanzu lamarin yana da ban tsoro - fari na iya yiwuwa a kudu. Amma a lokaci guda wajibi ne a bunkasa aikin cikin gida na wannan al'ada.
Kungiyar Myande, Grain Improvers da ZAVKOM-ENGINEERING LLC ne suka dauki nauyin taron. Dmitry Arsenyev, wakilin Myande, ya raba wa masu sauraro kwarewar kamfanin wajen aiwatar da ayyukan sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi. Myande ya aiwatar da ayyuka sama da 1000 a cikin kasashe sama da 80, ciki har da Rasha. Anastasia Sigeeva, Daraktan Fasaha na Inganta Hatsi, ya gabatar da rahoto "Yadda ake sarrafa hadadden hatsi yayin da ake ci gaba da samun amfanin sitaci." Anastasia yayi magana game da ci gaban kimiyya na kamfanin - masu haɓakar hatsi na enzymatic, wanda amfani da shi ya sa ya yiwu ya kawar da sakamakon amfani da hatsi mai rikitarwa da lalacewa a cikin samarwa. Enzyme hatsi masu inganta hatsi suna ba da damar kulawa da haɓaka inganci da adadin sitaci da alkama.
A wannan shekara, an gabatar da sabon tsarin sadarwa tare da masana a taron - "Klub din Darakta". Manyan jami'an manyan kamfanoni a masana'antar sun halarci tarukan kulob din: Roman Kozyrev, Babban Daraktan Rustark, Sergey Mamontov, wanda ya kafa Yubileiny Agroholding, Andrey Adamchuk, Shugaban ofishin ayyukan na JSC Donbiotech da Vasily Byzov, Daraktan Cibiyar Nazarin Rasha ta Duk-Russian Tattalin Arziki da Gudanar da Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Abinci. Sun ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru na kansu, sun bayyana irin ƙalubalen da masana'antar ke fuskanta a halin yanzu da kuma yadda suke magance su a kasuwancinsu. Mun tattauna abin da masana'antu suka rasa don ci gaba, da kuma ko masana'antar sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi za ta iya maimaita kwarewar bunkasa masana'antar hatsi. Masana zaman sun ba da hasashen masu magana game da hanyoyin ci gaban masana'antu.
Vasily Byzov, darektan Cibiyar Bincike ta Duk-Russian ta sitaci da sarrafa kayan sitaci da ke ɗauke da sitaci, ya yi magana game da ayyukan cibiyar, ci gaban kimiyya, wuraren aikin masana kimiyya da hulɗa tare da kamfanoni. "Masana'antar mu tana haɓaka sosai kuma akwai buƙatar ma'aikata, kuma yanzu ana jin ta musamman. Muna ci gaba da yin hulɗa tare da kamfanonin masana'antu akan al'amuran HR. Musamman, saboda gaskiyar cewa cibiyarmu tana cikin ƙungiyar Soyuzstarch. Ma'aikatanmu kullum suna shiga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na masana'antu da kuma Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru, "in ji Vasily Byzov. Daga cikin shahararrun wuraren ci gaban kimiyya, ya lura da samar da gyare-gyaren sitaci, abinci da masana'antu, inulin, samfuran furotin, da glucose.
Pavel Paramonov Shugaban kungiyar tallace-tallacen dabarun kasuwanci a Cargill, yayi nazarin ayyukan sitaci da masana'antu masu alaƙa a Rasha. Ya ce matsakaicin girman girma na shekara-shekara (CAGR) na buƙatun sitaci a cikin shekaru 5 da suka gabata ya kasance + 6.5%. A wannan lokacin, samar da sitaci a Rasha ya kusan ninka sau biyu. Abubuwan da ake samun ci gaba a wannan fanni sun hada da bukatu daga masana'antar da ake nomawa, da fannin mai, da karuwar fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje, da kuma samar da kayan abinci da aka gyara. Pavel kuma ya lura cewa samar da molasses da syrups sun ga matakan rikodin shekaru 4 a jere. Abubuwan haɓakawa a gare su shine ci gaba da haɓaka samar da syrups na fructose a kan tushen sukari mai tsada.
Ta yi rahoto kan bukatun kasuwannin Rasha don ciyar da amino acid da bitamin Lyubov Savkina, Shugaba na FEEDLOT. A cewarta, a shekarar 2023, an kiyasta jimillar shigo da amino acid din da ake shigowa da su kasar Rasha da tan dubu 127, wanda ya yi kasa da kashi 18% idan aka kwatanta da adadin na shekarar 2022 ko kuma kashi 6% sama da matakin na shekarar 2021. Jimlar shigo da bitamin abinci an kiyasta zuwa ton dubu 31, wanda ya yi ƙasa da 19% ƙasa da adadi na 2022, amma daidai matakin 2021. A cikin tsarin gabaɗayan amino acid ɗin da ke samarwa ga Rasha, threonine shine babban adadin - 29%, amma yawan amfani da shi sama da shekaru 4 ya ragu da kashi 6%, yayin da buƙatar sauran amino acid, kamar valine, arginine, isoleucine, ke da. ya karu sosai. Jimlar kashi na lysine da aka shigo da shi ya wuce 40%, amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan tsarin amfani ya canza: buƙatar lysine HCL ya ragu, amma buƙatar sulfate ya karu, wanda aka sauƙaƙe ta hanyar kayayyaki daga BNBC.
Ta yi magana game da kasuwar Rasha na furotin shuka Sofia Murzina, Manajan aikin don binciken kasuwar albarkatun albarkatun abinci a Cibiyar Zuba Jari da Nazarin Masana'antu. Ta bayyana manyan abubuwan da ke kawo cikas ga bunkasuwar kasuwar furotin na shuka a masana'antar abinci: rashin sanin ya kamata da kuma mummunan suna, da kuma farashin furotin shuka idan aka kwatanta da furotin na dabbobi. Dangane da abubuwan da ake sa ran sunadaran shuka a Rasha, buƙatun cikin gida yana iyakance ta rashin shirye-shiryen ƙarfafa buƙatun gwamnati. Dangane da bukatar waje, ba a bayyana sabbin masana'antun masana'antu na Rasha a kan sikelin duniya ba. Ya kamata a lura da rashin fahimtar dabarun bunkasuwar bukatu a kasuwannin fitar da kayayyaki da kuma gasa da kasar Sin.
Polina Semenova Babban Darakta na kungiyar masu samar da kayan abinci, ya lura cewa an warware kalubalen da duniya ke fuskanta na tabbatar da samar da abinci, amma sinadaran abinci sune alakar da ke da rauni. A halin yanzu, ana samar da abubuwa 30 daga cikin 349 da aka ba da izini a Rasha, wanda ba ya ɗaukar kashi 3% na buƙatun gida. Don cimma burin dogon lokaci a fagen samar da abinci, wajibi ne a cimma ikon mallakar fasaha - haɓaka samarwa, fasahohi da ƙwarewa a cikin masana'antar sinadarai.