A ranar 21 ga Fabrairu, 2012 a Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na yankin Nizhny Novgorod an gudanar da taron "manyan canje-canje ga harkokin kasuwanci a cikin mahallin shigar Rasha cikin WTO da ci gaban Hukumar Kwastam".
Taron ya samu halartar Mataimakin Shugaban RF CCI Georgy Petrov, Gwamnan Jihar Nizhny Novgorod Valery Shantsev, Mataimakin Shugaban Majalisar Dokoki na Yankin Nizhny Novgorod Yevgeny Morozov, Mataimakin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Harkokin Kasuwancin Tarayya na Ma'aikatar Kudi. da Kula da Kasafin Kuɗi a cikin Yankin Nizhny Novgorod Andrey Lyutin, Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Harajin Kuɗi ta Tarayya na Hukumar Kula da Kwastam ta Volga Nikolay Kharyushin, Babban Darakta, Shugaban Hukumar Kasuwancin Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na yankin Nizhny Novgorod Dmitry Krasnov, kazalika. a matsayin wakilan fiye da 400 Enterprises - memba kungiyoyin na Chamber.
Taron ya tattauna ayyukan 'yan kasuwa a cikin sabbin yanayin haɗin gwiwa, abubuwan da suka shafi kula da kuɗi a cikin tsarin hulɗar tattalin arziki, abubuwa masu kyau da marasa kyau ga masu shiga cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki na kasashen waje a cikin yanayin ci gaban Hukumar Kwastam da sauran batutuwa.
A cikin tsarin tattaunawar, Valery Shantsev ya jaddada cewa, tare da shigar kasar Rasha cikin kungiyar WTO, kamfanonin kasar sun shiga gasa mai tsanani, don haka dole ne su fahimci matakai da ka'idoji da ka'idojin aiki a cikin sabbin yanayi. A lokaci guda, gasa yana nuna gwagwarmaya ba kawai don samfuran inganci ba, har ma don ingantaccen yanayin aiki.
A cikin sabon yanayin tattalin arziki, ya zama dole a bunkasa masana'antu masu samar da kasafin kudi, kuma dole ne kamfanoni su gudanar da cikakken nazari kan abin da aka kera masu amfani da kayayyakinsu da kuma kasuwar da za su yi aiki. A cewar gwamnan, kamata ya yi a yi amfani da kungiyar WTO wajen samar da kayayyakin hadin gwiwa da kamfanonin kasashen waje, domin yin nazari kan kwarewar wasu kasashe. Gwamnatin yankin Nizhny Novgorod da Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu na yankin suna ƙarfafa ƙoƙarin tallafawa 'yan kasuwa, don bayyana manyan canje-canje a cikin sabon yanayi.
Da yake ci gaba da tattaunawa, Georgy Petrov ya bayyana cewa, WTO wani abin koyi ne na bunkasuwar tattalin arziki, wanda ke da fa'ida da wasu kasada. Duk da haka, a cewarsa, kayan aiki ne kuma suna buƙatar samun damar yin amfani da shi. Don wannan, Cibiyar Kasuwanci da Masana'antu ta Tarayyar Rasha tana gudanar da shafukan yanar gizo wanda kasuwancin ke da damar samun sabon bayani "da farko". A hakikanin gaskiya, masana suna amsa kowace tambaya game da WTO. Georgy Petrov ya jawo hankali ga gaskiyar cewa Rasha ta dade tana rayuwa bisa ga ka'idoji da ka'idoji na Ƙungiyar Ciniki ta Duniya. Babu shakka, wannan shi ne injin ci gaban fasaha, sabuntar tattalin arziki, wanda ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da gasa ba.
Dmitry Krasnov ya jaddada cewa, a daya bangaren, ta hanyar shiga kungiyar cinikayya ta duniya, kasar Rasha na samun hanyoyin da za su kara karfafa tallata kayayyaki da hidima na cikin gida zuwa kasuwannin kasashen waje da kuma yaki da munanan al'amura da ke faruwa a tattalin arzikin duniya. Amma, a gefe guda, sabbin sharuɗɗan suna nuna ƙarar gasa, ƙarin buƙatun don kwararar ma'aikata. Sabili da haka, riga yanzu akwai buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin kula da tattalin arziƙin da samar da sabbin halayen mabukaci na samfurin.
Nikolai Kharyushin ya bayyana wa 'yan kasuwa abubuwan da suka shafi hukumar kwastam a yankin Volga Federal District a cikin yanayin aiwatar da dokokin Hukumar Kwastam. A shekarar 2011, an samu karuwar cinikin ciniki da kashi 18 cikin dari idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 2010, yayin da darajar shigo da kayayyaki ta karu da kashi 26%, fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje ya karu da kashi 14%.
Nikolay Kharyushin ya jawo hankali ga gaskiyar cewa babban ma'auni na aikin Sashen shine saurin ayyukan kwastan, da kuma rage farashin masu sha'awar yayin gudanar da ayyukan kwastan. Hakan ya kasance wani yunƙuri na buɗe ayyuka a ofisoshin kwastam na yankin don samar da yanayi mai kyau don aiwatar da ayyukan tattalin arziƙin ƙasashen waje, ƙara inganci da isasshiyar kula da kwastam da rage kashe kuɗi marasa amfani.
Har ila yau, ya lura cewa a cikin tsarin aikin da ake gudanarwa, hukumomin kwastam na yankin Volga sun fuskanci rashin fahimta daga bangaren mahalarta ayyukan tattalin arziki na kasashen waje.
Na farko, ba dukansu ba ne a shirye su yi magana a fili game da matsalolin da ke haifar da ƙarin farashi, hanyoyin da za a rage su, da kuma nuna rashin son yin aiki a wannan hanya. Wannan al'ada ce ga duk yankuna.
Abu na biyu, wasu wakilan masana'antu suna rikitar da ra'ayoyin farashi masu amfani da marasa amfani. Ya kamata a ƙididdige yawan kuɗin da ake kashewa kuma a tsara shi a matakin haɓaka kwangila da sa hannu.
Duk da haka, sakamakon bincike na mahalarta ayyukan tattalin arziki na kasashen waje ya tabbatar da akasin haka. Lokacin da aka tambaye shi sau nawa ayyukan hukumomin kwastam ke haifar da tsadar kuɗi, 54% na masu amsa sun amsa cewa ba kasafai ba ne, 42% ba a taɓa yin ba. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin tsarin wannan binciken, an gano cewa 25% na masu shiga cikin ayyukan tattalin arziki na kasashen waje ba sa la'akari da farashin da aka samu. Haka kuma, a yawancin ofisoshin kwastam, wannan adadi ya kai kashi 40%. Wannan yana nuna cewa waɗannan kamfanoni ba su da tsarin lissafin kuɗi wanda ya dace da buƙatun zamani, musamman, lissafin gudanarwa, lissafin kuɗin tattalin arziki, da yuwuwar farashi ana haɗa su cikin farashin samfurin ƙarshe ba tare da ainihin bincike ba da yanke shawarar gudanarwa masu dacewa.
Lyubov Sirotkina ya yi magana game da wani sabon aiki na samar da ci-gaba kwai sarrafa kayayyakin, kaddamar a watan Maris 2009. Ta kuma jaddada cewa, tun da farko kamfanin ya mayar da hankali ne kan samar da kayayyakin da suka dace da bukatun Turai, shigar kasar Rasha cikin kungiyar WTO na da wani gagarumin abin a zo a gani a gare su: kamata ya yi ta saukaka shiga cikin sabbin kasuwanni, wanda gasar a wannan bangare ta fi yawa ta fuskar cinikayya. masu nuna inganci.
Za a taƙaita shawarwarin da aka gabatar a taron kuma za a aika zuwa ma'aikatu da sassan da abin ya shafa. Ana shirin ci gaba da tattaunawa a fili kan wannan batu a nan gaba.
“Don haka ku gane – a yau mun kashe makudan kudade wajen tallafa wa karkara ta yadda ba a maganar rage yawan tallafin da jihohi ke ba su a fannin noma. Ba a rage matakin kariyar kwastan na ƙauyen don kowane kayan amfanin gona na yau da kullun ba, kuma ga yawancin su Rasha tana da haƙƙin ko da haɓaka ƙimar harajin kwastam na shigo da kaya a lokacin canjin yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, an daidaita haƙƙin yin amfani da ƙididdiga na jadawalin kuɗin fito don naman sa, naman alade da naman kaji.
Shiga cikin WTO har yanzu kalubale ne ga masana'anta. Dole ne ya kara yin aiki tukuru. Bayar da hankali sosai ga inganci, aiwatar da tsarin. Amma yana da muhimmanci musamman cewa WTO za ta ba mu damar bunkasa kayayyakin da muke fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje. Za mu sami damar shiga kasuwannin waje. Duk wannan zai ƙara haɓaka gasa na cikin gida, za mu iya daidaita su zuwa matsayin duniya.
Gabaɗaya, muna da matakai da yawa don haɓaka gonakin manoma. Misali, muna ba da tallafi ga novice manoma a kan talakawan daya da rabi miliyan rubles (a hanya, mun riga mun zabar novice manoma ga wannan shirin). Muna ci gaba da ba da tallafin kuɗi mai tsanani ga gonakin iyali. Mun riga mun gina gonakin iyali 470 a karkashin wannan shirin. Kuma muna shirin gabatar da ƙarin 150 a kowace shekara ... "
Ba za a bar bangaren noma ga “hannun da ba a iya gani” na kasuwa dangane da yadda Rasha ta shiga kungiyar WTO, in ji Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin a Ufa a taron noma na Rasha. Shigar da Rasha cikin Kungiyar Ciniki ta Duniya yana ba, a ra'ayin Firayim Minista, ƙarin dama ga masu samar da noma na Rasha, yana ba su damar shiga kasuwannin waje. Domin kare muradun masu fitar da kayayyaki da masana'antu yadda ya kamata, a cewar Putin, kana bukatar ka zama cikakken memba a irin wannan kungiya kamar WTO.
Daga cikin fa'idar shiga kungiyar WTO, Vladimir Putin ya bayyana kara nuna gaskiya da jan hankali ga tattalin arzikin kasa, da kuma kayan aikin yaki da gasa mara adalci:
A cewar Elena Skrynnik, wadda ta bayyana a Green Week a Berlin, ba za a mutu ba a shiga kungiyar ta WTO. Rasha na iya ƙara yawan tallafin ƙasa zuwa dala biliyan 9 daga 2013 kuma a hankali rage shi zuwa dala biliyan 4,4 nan da 2018.
"Ya kamata a shigar da dukkanin kayan aikin kayan aikin don tallafawa manoman Rasha daidai a cikin shirye-shiryen dogon lokaci don ci gaban rukunin masana'antu na cikin gida. In ba haka ba, za mu fuskanci cin zarafi na bukatunmu.
Rasha tana da kayan kariya da yawa a cikin ƙasar, ya zama dole ne kawai sassan da abin ya shafa suyi tunani a gaba game da yadda za a aiwatar da su. Mun riga mun rayu da kashi 90 bisa XNUMX bisa ka'idojin kasa da kasa da ka'idojin WTO.
Ga wasu masana'antu masu mahimmanci, ana yin matakan daidaitawa na musamman. Wannan, musamman, shine masana'antar kera motoci da injinan noma. A cikin fannin noma, wannan shine kiwon kaji da alade.
Shirye-shiryen don haɗin gwiwar haɓaka aikin noma sun riga sun ba da tallafi ga dala biliyan 5,5, kuma a shekara mai zuwa - a cikin adadin dala biliyan 9. "