Garanti na girbi mai yawa da inganci shine daidaitaccen shirye-shiryen tsaba dankalin turawa a cikin bazara. Dole ne a fara shirye-shiryen tsaba na dankalin turawa tare da nazarin tuber, wanda aka yi kwanaki 30-40 kafin dasa shuki, da kuma kafin siyarwa, don nemo ɓoyayyun cututtukan cututtuka da samun girbi mai kyau da inganci.
Rashin gudanar da bincike na tuber daga daidaikun mutane da matsakaita da manyan masu noma na iya haifar da yaduwar cututtuka iri-iri na dankalin turawa da cutar da ƙasa da muhalli.
Ana aiwatar da nazarin tuber na dankalin iri a cikin jerin masu zuwa:
- ƙaddarar kasancewar ƙasa da ƙazanta na waje;
- ƙayyade girman tubers;
- ƙayyadaddun kasancewar tubers na sauran nau'in Botanical;
- ƙaddarar kasancewar tubers tare da alamun cututtuka na waje da na ciki; lalacewa da lahani;
Sakamakon binciken tuber an rubuta shi a cikin Ayyukan Ayyukan tuber na dankalin iri. Don dasawa, ana amfani da dankali iri iri da aka haɗa a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Nasarar Kiwo da aka amince don amfani.
Seed dankali na Categories OS, ES, da RS dole ne hadu da bukatun ga m Categories cikin sharuddan ingancin tubers da ingancin plantings dangane da waje halaye. Seed dankalin turawa tubers dole ne lafiya, dukan, tare da karfi fata, hankula a cikin siffar da launi ga m Botanical iri-iri, bushe, ba sprouted (a lokacin bazara tallace-tallace, tubers da sprouts ba fiye da 5 mm aka yarda).
Kasancewar kwari, cututtuka, da tsaba na ciyawa waɗanda ke da ƙimar keɓancewa ga Tarayyar Rasha daidai da jerin da aka amince da su ta hanyar da aka tsara ba a yarda da su a cikin dankalin iri. A cikin dankalin iri, kasancewar tubers tare da alamun "shaƙewa", daskararre, tare da konewa, mummuna, tare da girma da sauƙi wartsake tsiro, yanke, murƙushe, tare da peeled fata na "fiye da ¼ na saman tuber" ba a yarda ba.
Ana ba da izinin kasancewar tubers a cikin dankalin iri, cikin sharuddan kashi, ba fiye da:
- tare da tabo na glandular da duhun ɓangaren litattafan almara "idan fiye da 25% na sashin tsayi na tuber ya shafi" - 5%;
- tare da lalacewa na inji "yanke, fasa, ƙwanƙwasa a cikin ƙwayar tuber fiye da 5 mm zurfi kuma fiye da 10 mm tsayi" - 5%;
- tare da lalacewa ta hanyar kwari na noma ba tare da lalata idanu ba "wireworms - fiye da motsi uku, rodents, beetles da cutworms" - 2%,
- kasancewar tubers masu laushi ko waɗanda suka lalace sosai sakamakon kamuwa da cuta tare da scab na azurfa ba a yarda ba,
- Ba a yarda da kamuwa da ƙwayar foda ba.
(Marubuciya: Masanin Hulda da Jama'a na Ofishin Rosselkhoznadzor na Jamhuriyar Mordovia da yankin Penza Larisa Yakushkina).
Karanta cikakke: https://www.agroxxi.ru