Ambaliyar ruwa da ta afkawa tsakiyar yammacin Amurka a watan Maris ta mamaye kusan kashi 40 na hatsi, masara da waken soya. Lalacewar ta haura dala biliyan uku.
Manoma suna firgita: kadan kadan - kuma sasanta rikicin kasuwanci da kasar Sin zai fitar da masana'antar daga cikin mawuyacin hali. Shin kasuwar noma ta Amurka za ta farfado bayan irin wannan bugu - a cikin kayan RIA Novosti.
Bangaren noma na Amurka yana fuskantar koma baya mafi muni cikin shekaru talatin. A bara, gonaki 84 ne suka shigar da karar neman fatara a jihohin Midwest kadai. Wannan shi ne mafi girma tun 2007.
Babban dalilin barnar da aka yi shi ne ramukan bashi mafi zurfi tun rikicin noma na shekarun 1980, wanda yawancin manoma suka fada cikinsa. Mutane da yawa suna aiki asara kuma ba su da damar biyan basussukan su a wannan kakar. Kadan ne kawai wasu lokuta ke karya ko da samun riba kadan.
Kasuwar dai ta dade tana nuna alamun tabarbarewar noma, wanda hakan ba ya baiwa manoma damar kara farashin kayayyakin da suke nomawa.
Yakin kasuwanci da Trump ya fara da China ya kara dagula lamarin. Masu sana'ar waken soya da masara, wadanda suka kwashe shekaru da dama suna aikewa da amfanin gonakinsu zuwa kasuwannin kasar Sin, sun sha wahala musamman daga harajin ramuwar gayya da Beijing ta dorawa kayayyakin amfanin gona. Musamman, kayan waken soya sun ƙare a zahiri.
Tare da bacin rai, manoma sun kalli tattaunawar da China, inda aka samu rashin jituwa.
Ƙarshen yaƙin kasuwanci na nufin komawar waken soya, masara, naman alade, da kiwo na Amurka zuwa babbar kasuwar Sinawa. Wannan yana nufin samun kudin shiga da ake jira kuma, a zahiri, dama ce kawai ga yawancin manoma don biyan basussukan su.
Bashin manoma ya kai dala biliyan 409, wanda ya karu da dala biliyan 24 a cikin shekara, kamar yadda sakataren harkokin noma Sunny Pardue ya shaidawa Majalisa.
Da fatan sabuwar yarjejeniya ta kasuwanci, manoma sun cika wuraren ajiya da amfanin gonakin bara. Kuma kusan komai ya tafi ne lokacin da koguna masu karfi - Mississippi, Tennessee da Missouri - suka mamaye bankunansu a tsakiyar watan Maris kuma suka fara ambaliya mafi girma a tarihin kasar.
Biliyoyin karkashin ruwa
Ambaliyar ruwan bazara, wadda ta haifar da narkar da yawan dusar ƙanƙara haɗe da ruwan sama mai yawa, ta mamaye dukan abin da ake kira bel ɗin hatsin Amurka - daga Nebraska zuwa Iowa.
Ruwan ruwa ya lalata dubban daruruwan wuraren ajiyar amfanin gona.
A Iowa, Nebraska, da South Dakota, an kiyasta asarar amfanin gona da matattun dabbobi da aka yi asarar dala biliyan uku.
“Kaska ya toshe girman motocin da suka fada cikin rumfuna da gidaje. An kwashe maruƙan cikin ruwan ƙanƙara, inda suka zubar da gawarwakin gawarwakin kogin. Filayen noma sun koma tafkuna,” jaridar New York Times ta bayyana halin da ake ciki.
Fiye da maruƙa miliyan guda ne suka mutu sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa a Nebraska kaɗai, in ji gwamnan jihar a makon jiya. A cewar John Hansen, shugaban kungiyar manoman Nebraska, ruwan ya zo da sauri ta yadda ba a samu lokacin safarar dabbobi da adana abin da ke cikin silo na hatsi ba.
Haka kuma, a cewar masana yanayi, za a ci gaba da samun ambaliyar ruwa a cikin watan Afrilu sakamakon da ake sa ran za a yi ruwan sama mai karfin gaske.
Archer-Daniels-Midland, daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin sayar da hatsi a duniya, ya yi kiyasin ambaliya za ta janyo ribar da ake samu daga dalar Amurka miliyan 50 zuwa dala miliyan 60 a cikin kwata na farko.
Karshe duka
Kamar yadda NYT ta lura, tasirin abubuwan zai iya ƙarewa a ƙarshe daga gonakin, waɗanda tuni suka shiga cikin mafi munin lokuta a cikin shekaru talatin. Al’amarin ya daure kai ganin yadda ambaliyar ruwan da ta kwashe amfanin gona da kayayyaki, ta yi mummunar illa ga ababen more rayuwa – hanyoyin karkara, gadoji, layin dogo.
Sakamakon haka, fannin noma ya rasa yadda za a samar da kayayyaki daga gonaki zuwa masana'antar sarrafa kayayyaki da kuma kawo karshen masu amfani da su. Yadda ake samun tsaba don shuka, da kuma ciyar da dabbobi.
Alal misali, don ciyar da shanun da suka tsira a gundumar Colfax, Nebraska, manoma sun yi watsi da ciyawa daga jirage masu saukar ungulu na soja. Kamar yadda ma'aikatar tsaron Amurka ta fayyace, dole ne a yi hakan sau daya a baya - a shekarar 1949.
"Wataƙila ya ƙare mana yanzu," Anthony Ruzicka, wanda ya mallaki gonar dangi a Nebraska, ya gaya wa jaridar New York Times. "A kudi, ba za mu tsira daga wannan ba."
“Ba mu samu kudi daga hatsi ba saboda matsalar ciniki da kuma tsadar kayayyaki, muka koma kiwon dabbobi, yanzu me za mu yi? Ba mu da abin da za mu ciyar da dabbobin,” in ji Tom Geisler, wani manomi a jihar da abin ya shafa.
Ba don sayarwa ba, amma don lalata
Manoman Iowa sun kiyasta cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta lalata kusan kashi 80 na amfanin gonakinsu. Ton na hatsi da ba a sayar da su ba ya ragu a wuraren ajiyar ambaliyar ruwa. A halin da ake ciki, masana sun riga sun bayyana cewa: babu wata fa'ida a cikin ƙoƙarin sayar da masara da sauran hatsi da ambaliyar ruwa ta yi hasarar kasuwancinsu.
A cewar manufofin Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka, hatsin da aka jika da ruwa ba shi da silo kuma dole ne a lalata shi.
Ana ɗaukar hatsin da aka jiƙa a matsayin lalata, wakilan Jami'ar Jihar Iowa sun tuna. An kuma shawarci manoma da kada su yi kokarin hada gurbataccen hatsi da hatsi mai kyau.
Jami’an Amurka sun yi alkawarin tsaurara binciken duk kayayyakin amfanin gona don hana gurbataccen hatsi da ba shi da hadari ga lafiyar masu amfani da shi shiga kasuwa (ciki har da saboda ambaliya ta haifar da tarin ruwa daga gonaki, gurbatattun sinadarai, da kuma gonaki da yawa suka cika bankunan su).
"Wannan kwayar cuta ce mai daci da za a hadiye," in ji Jeff Jorgenson, mai magana da yawun kungiyar Iowa Soybean yankin.
Manoma na gargadin hukumomi cewa tabbas za su bukaci taimakon kudi na gaggawa daga kasafin kudin tarayya. Amma ko da ya zo, za a dauki shekaru kafin a maido da noma gaba daya.