Magance matsala yana farawa da fahimtar yadda abubuwa suke.
Jaridar "Tsarin dankalin turawa" yana riƙe da wannan zabedon samar da ainihin hoto na abin da ke faruwa a cikin masana'antu: a wane mataki ne gonakin dankalin turawa na Rasha a yau, menene matsalolin da suke fuskanta.
Muna fatan za ku goyi bayan shirin namu.
A yau muna buga sakamakon farko na binciken.
Ga duk masu amsa mu (amsar tambayoyin daga 18 zuwa 28 ga Oktoba 2022), dankalin turawa ba shine amfanin gona kawai a samarwa ba, amma yana mamaye yankuna masu mahimmanci: daga kadada 150 zuwa 330.
Duk kamfanonin da ke shiga cikin binciken suna cikin tsakiyar Rasha (Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod yankuna), yayin da daya gona ke tsiro dankali a kan ruwan sama (amfani da dankalin turawa: 28 t / ha), sauran amfani da damar wucin gadi ban ruwa ( dankalin turawa yawan amfanin ƙasa: daga 32 zuwa 60 t/ha).
Duk kamfanoni suna tsunduma a cikin namo iri dankali da kuma cikakken samar da kansu da iri kayan.
Kowane mutum yana lura da jujjuyawar amfanin gona (filin 4-5), amma gona ɗaya ne kawai ke tsiro kayan lambu na ƙasa (kabeji) ban da dankali.
Duk kamfanoni suna aiwatar da dasa dankali a watan Mayu (farawar aiki: daga 5 zuwa 15.05), a matsakaita, waɗannan ayyukan suna ɗaukar kwanaki 10 (150 ha) zuwa kwanaki 15-20 (320-330 ha), amma a cikin yanayi mai wahala. wannan lokacin na iya ƙaruwa sosai (bisa ga mai samar da aikin gona, har zuwa kwanaki 45).
A cikin jerin manyan cututtukan tuber da aka fi fuskanta a gonaki, masu amsa sun bambanta: scab (na kowa, net, tuberculate, powdery, silvery), rhizoctoniosis, cututtuka na kwayan cuta (zobe, launin ruwan kasa), alternariosis.
Jerin cututtukan da aka fi sani da ciyayi sun haɗa da alternariosis da bacteriosis.
Babban ciyawa (kowace gonaki yana da nasa jagora a cikin wannan faretin faretin): farin gauze, filin bindweed, bindweed dutsen.
Ya kamata a lura cewa masu noman noma sun haɗa da shirye-shiryen da ake shigowa da su daga waje da na cikin gida a cikin tsarin kare dankalin turawa. Don haka, yawancin mahalarta a cikin bincikenmu, lokacin zabar magungunan kashe qwari, sun ba da fifiko ga samfuran da aka yi daga waje (Uniform, Celeste Top, Vibrance Top), amma a cikin yanayin herbicides, sun dogara da samfuran kariya na shuka na Rasha (Prometrin, Lazurit Ultra). , Romul, Escudo).
Duk mahalarta binciken suna amfani da hanyar sinadarai na bushewar ganye (ciki har da taimakon magungunan gida Sukhovey).
Farkon girbi a cikin gidajen masu amsa bisa dabi'a ya faɗi a ƙarshen Agusta - farkon Satumba (daga Agusta 22 zuwa 12 ga Satumba). Gabaɗaya, aikin girbi yana ɗaukar kwanaki 20 zuwa 40 (kuma yanayin yanayi ba shi da yawa a ƙarƙashin amfanin gona a matsayin yanke hukunci a cikin wannan al'amari).
Duk gonakin da aka yi hira da su suna da wuraren ajiyar nasu (wanda ke da karfin tan 11000 zuwa 14000), ɗaya daga cikin kamfanonin ya tabbatar da cewa yana adana kayayyaki da yawa, ta hanyar amfani da mai hanawa, yayin da dankalin turawa ke riƙe ingancin kasuwanci har zuwa farkon watan Mayu.
Editocin suna son gode wa duk mahalarta binciken dankalin turawa na duniya!