Alexander Skvortsov, shugaban sashen dankalin turawa. SumiAgro Rasha
A cikin 2021, yawancin yankuna masu noman dankalin turawa sun yi fama da karancin ruwan sama, ba tare da samun girbi mai yawa ba. Wannan kakar ya sake nuna a fili cewa yana yiwuwa a rage asarar daga ɓarna na yanayi kawai ta hanyar gabatar da ban ruwa.
Idan aka kwatanta da amfanin gona na gona, hatsi iri ɗaya, dankali mai girma yana buƙatar farashi mai mahimmanci ga duk sassan fasaha - kayan shuka, takin zamani, da dai sauransu. Canjin zuwa ban ruwa tabbas zai rage haɗari da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin shekaru da yawa saboda haɓakawa.
Amma gabatarwar ban ruwa zai buƙaci hanya mai mahimmanci don gina tsarin kariya daga shuka daga gona. Zai yi kyau a watsar da shirye-shiryen da ba su da juriya ko kuma rashin isasshen ruwan sama, don kada a yi hasashen kashi nawa na mancozeb ko kuma tagulla za su kasance a saman ganyen tare da ɗan yayyafi. Tsarin kariya daga cututtuka da kwari da za su iya haifar da mummunar lalacewar tattalin arziki bai kamata ya ƙunshi wani "ifs", musamman tun da akwai isasshen adadin samfurori a kasuwa wanda zai ba ku damar yin wannan.
Don haka, kyakkyawan madadin maganin fungicides na tushen mancozeb (a hanya, tun 2021 an dakatar da wannan abu mai aiki a cikin ƙasashen Turai da yawa) na iya zama sabon magani daga masana'antar Jafananci na samfuran kariyar shuka SumiAgro - Elektis D®tsara don kare dankali da inabi daga marigayi blight da mildew.
A zuciyar miyagun ƙwayoyi wani sabon abu ne na aikin zoxamide. Zoxamide yana da alaƙa na musamman (dangantaka) don kakin kayan lambu, wanda ke ba da mafi girman juriyar ruwan sama.
Ba a yi amfani da abu a baya akan dankali ba, yana da tsarin aiki daban-daban daga yawancin kwayoyin fungicidal: yana rushe tsarin mitosis a cikin kwayoyin halitta. Zoxamide yana aiki akan zoospores bayan farkon fitowar su, yana dakatar da haɓakar bututun girma. Wani muhimmin batu shi ne cewa wannan kwayar halitta kuma ta rushe tsarin da aka saba da shi na zoospores a zoosporangia, don haka ya hana epiphytoty "a cikin toho".
Kashi na biyu na Electis D® - dimethomorph - wani abu ne na translaminar wanda ke rushe ci gaban ganuwar tantanin halitta, yana da tasirin warkewa (maganin warkewa). Duk waɗannan bangarorin suna ba da ayyukan sadarwa-translaminar na fungicide Elektis D®, sanya shi ba makawa don ban ruwa da kuma kyakkyawan madadin samfuran da ke ɗauke da mahaɗan mancozeb ko jan ƙarfe. Zan ƙara da cewa ana amfani da wannan fungicide a cikin duniya akan yawan amfanin gona da ya fi girma - da farko kayan lambu, irin su albasa (inda kusanci ga waxes kayan lambu ya fi dacewa fiye da ko'ina), kokwamba har ma da letas.
Na kuma lura cewa, la'akari da wannan magani, da SumiKartofel (SumiAgro) alama fayil ya hada da shida foliar fungicides, biyar daga cikinsu ana samar a cikin ruwa formulations, hudu ne resistant zuwa wankewa: ciki har da samfurin da tsarin Consento.® (fenamidon + propamocarb hydrochloride), lamba-translaminar Mixanil® (chlorothalonil + cymoxanil), Ranman®Top (cyazofamide).
Shuka dankali a ƙarƙashin ban ruwa yana tilasta gonaki don sanya ƙarin buƙatu akan kariyar herbicide - dole ne ya zama abin dogaro kuma na dogon lokaci.
A wannan batun, Ina ba da shawarar kula da wani sabon labari na SumiAgro - Akebono herbicide.®, wanda aka tsara musamman don kasuwar Rasha. Samfurin zai kasance don siyarwa a farkon 2022, amma ya zuwa yanzu kawai tare da izinin yin amfani da tsaba na fyade da waken soya (magungunan za su karɓi rajista don amfani da dankali a cikin 2023).
Akebono® ya ƙunshi a cikin abun da ke ciki na clomazone da C-metalochlor, wanda ke ba da kariya daga dicotyledonous na shekara-shekara da ciyawa na hatsi (ciki har da bedstraw, gauze, nau'in hawan dutse, nightshade, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli masu yawa lokacin girma dankali). Dukansu aka gyara na herbicide (kuma sama da duk clomazone) suna kunshe a cikin isassun yawa don tabbatar da cikakken iko da weeds, kuma a lokaci guda tabbatar da aminci ga amfanin gona sown gaba bazara. Don haka, SumiAgro yana ba da sabon maganin ciyawa na ƙasa tare da duk halaye don samar da tushen ingantaccen tsarin sarrafa sako na dankalin turawa.
Bari in tunatar da ku cewa a halin yanzu a cikin gonakin Rasha, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana amfani da ɗaya daga cikin tsare-tsaren kariya na dankalin turawa guda biyu ta amfani da ƙasan ƙasa: bisa metribuzin, ko bisa prosulfocarb da prometrin. Na farko bai dace da kowa ba: yawancin nau'ikan don sarrafa masana'antu suna hana wannan abu, ƙari, metribuzin yana da tasiri akan amfanin gona na gaba. Babban rashin lahani na makirci na biyu shine tsadar magunguna.
Akebono® yana da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata don zama abin dogaro na uku zaɓi: miyagun ƙwayoyi ba shi da wani mummunan tasiri akan nau'ikan marasa ƙarfi, ba shi da hani akan juyawa a cikin jujjuya amfanin gona, yana da tattalin arziki. Idan aka kwatanta da metribuzin, abubuwan da ke cikin maganin ciyawa na Japan zai fi kariya daga ciyawa, sarrafa dare da nau'in hawan dutse. Musamman ma, clomazone ya fi kyau kiyaye ta da kwayoyin halitta na ƙasa kuma ba shi da motsi a lokacin ruwan sama ko yawan ban ruwa, yana da tsawon rabin rayuwa kuma, saboda haka, aiki mai tsawo.
Maganin Ciwo Akebono® zai zama abin dogaro a cikin ginin kariyar dankalin turawa daga ciyawa da kyakkyawan madadin shirye-shiryen da aka riga aka yi amfani da su.
A ƙarshe, Ina so in faɗi cewa layin alamar SumiKartofel koyaushe ana sabunta shi tare da sabbin samfura. Baya ga mai kare martaba®, fungicides, herbicides da sauran kayan kariya na tsire-tsire, har ila yau ya haɗa da cikakken saitin abubuwa - masu gyara abinci na ma'adinai. A cikin kakar 2022, kuma za a ƙara haɓaka shi da sabbin kayayyaki waɗanda za su inganta inganci da kiyaye ingancin samfurin ƙarshe. Amma wannan batu ne don wani rubutu na daban.