Wasu daga cikin ci gaban an riga an sanya su don samarwa a kamfanonin sinadarai na Rasha.
A matsayin wani ɓangare na wani shiri na Cibiyar Kimiyyar Kimiyya ta Rasha, a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na kariyar shukar halittu na Jami'ar Agrarian ta Novosibirsk (NSAU), a halin yanzu ana ci gaba da aiki don inganta ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ake amfani da su a cikin shirye-shirye don kare tsire-tsire daga kwari - kwari da cututtuka. Muna magana, da farko, game da amfanin gona irin su dankali, irin fyaɗe, da masara. Wadannan ci gaba, kamar yadda shugaban dakin gwaje-gwaje, Doctor of Biological Sciences Ivan Dubovsky, ya ce a lokacin ziyarar manema labaru a NSAU, ana amfani da su ta hanyar masana'antun magunguna masu dacewa, irin su Sibbiopharm, Biofactory Koltsovo, Bionovatik.
"Muna amfani da kayan kariya daga tsirrai na halitta - kwayoyin cuta, fungi da ƙwayoyin cuta," in ji masanin kimiyyar. - Misali, ana iya lalata ƙwayar dankalin turawa ta Colorado ta amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ta hanyar kamuwa da kwari, muna samun ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta masu inganci sannan mu yi amfani da su a kan ƙwaro na dankalin turawa na Colorado. Amma ƙwayoyin cuta da kansu sune kwayoyin halitta, sabili da haka masu kashewa marasa kyau: a cikin yanayi, ba shi da amfani ga parasite don halakar da mai gida gaba daya. Muna ƙara inganci ga ƙwayoyin cuta ta amfani da tsangwama na RNA, ta amfani da ƙari daban-daban. Muna ƙirƙirar magunguna masu zuwa waɗanda za su lalata ƙwayar dankalin turawa ta Colorado yadda ya kamata.
Baya ga maganin kwari, magungunan da masana kimiyyar Siberiya suka kirkira kuma suna inganta kaddarorin tsirrai da kansu.
"Muna kirkiro magungunan da ke taimakawa shuka, inganta lafiyarta, da kuma taimakawa wajen yaki da cututtuka daban-daban," in ji shugaban dakin gwaje-gwaje. “Sakamakon hakan shine karuwar yawan amfanin gona zuwa kashi 30%. Irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta ba kawai suna kare kariya daga cututtuka ba, har ma suna taimakawa wajen inganta ƙwayar nitrogen. Don haka, suna aiki azaman taki. Amma don samar da samfurin ilimin halitta ya fi tasiri, kuna buƙatar fahimtar yadda yake aiki, duba cikin jiki, nazarin yadda ƙwayoyin cuta za su yi aiki a kan shuka, saboda abin da zai haifar da girma.
A cewar masanin, a halin yanzu masu kera sinadarai da kayayyakin kariya na shuka suna amfani da kusan kashi 10-15% na ci gaban jami'ar, tare da shirin kara wannan adadi zuwa akalla kashi 50%. Babu buƙatar yin magana game da kasuwannin waje saboda bambancin doka.
"Muna haɓaka ra'ayoyi a cikin yanayin tattalin arzikinmu da dokokinmu," in ji Ivan Dubovsky. - Ba za mu iya amfani da aikin injiniya don magungunan da ake amfani da su a fagen ba. Amma kuma akwai irin wannan ci gaban. Wataƙila mu ma za mu yi amfani da shi, tunda ana yin haka a duk faɗin duniya. Muna da aikin yin amfani da injiniyoyin halittu don ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta masu inganci don kwari. Amma yanzu an tilasta mana mu dogara da wasu hanyoyin.