Matakin da hukumomi ke dauka na hana aukuwar ambaliyar ruwa na iya haifar da karancin ruwan ban ruwa a lokacin rani. Ganin wannan hadarin, manoma suna shirin rage yankin shuka.
Kuma da farko, muna magana ne game da dankali. A sakamakon haka, a cikin kaka girbi na "gurasa na biyu" zai kasance fiye da ladabi, kuma farashin zai kafa sabon rikodin.
Babbar kungiyar noma a yankin Karaganda, Shakhterskoye LLP, tana shirin shuka shukar bazara a kan wani yanki na kadada 37. Yawancin ƙasar noma za su kasance, ba shakka, alkama. Sauran iri mai mai, legumes, da amfanin gona. Hakanan, shekaru uku da suka gabata, an gabatar da kadada ɗari da yawa na ƙasar ban ruwa a nan, wanda akan shuka dankali.
Daraktan gonakin, Georgy Prokop, ya ce damuna ta yi kadan ta fuskar hazo. Dusar ƙanƙara ta ragu sau biyu ko uku a cikin filayen fiye da kakar da ta gabata. Don haka, dabarun wannan bazara shine kiyaye narke ruwa a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, dole ne ku yi amfani da duk damar fasahar noma ta zamani. Babban abu shine a yi tsaka-tsakin aiki na filayen, abin da ake kira "ƙulle danshi". Bugu da kari, gudanar da wani riga-kafin shuka magani magani na noma don hana ci gaban ciyawa da za su iya ja ruwa daga cikin ƙasa. Wannan dama ce don samun kyawawan harbe masu ƙarfi.
Georgy Prokop
"Yin hasashen aiki ne mara godiya," in ji Georgy Prokop. - Akwai abubuwa da yawa, duka masu kyau da marasa kyau, don amfanin amfanin gona. Alal misali, yana da ƙarfafa cewa an yi ruwan sama a cikin kaka, kuma wani nau'i na sake cajin ƙasa ya faru. Wata tambaya ita ce ko ruwan ya daskare a lokacin hunturu, tun da yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa sosai kuma dusar ƙanƙara ba ta da yawa. Ya danganta da yadda dusar ƙanƙara ke narkewa a filayen yanzu. Muna fatan cewa ruwan narke ba zai bar ba, amma za a shiga cikin ƙasa. Yana samun dumi yanzu, kuma yana da kyau. Amma abin da ya rage shi ne cewa yanayin zafi har yanzu ba shi da kyau da daddare, kuma danshin da ke tattare da rana yana daskarewa cikin dare. Don haka, har yanzu ba a bayyana ko wane yanayi zai yi tasiri ba a farkon shuka.
Tabbas, manoman suna da kyakkyawan fata kuma suna fatan samun sakamako mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, masu tsinkaya suna ba da kyakkyawan hasashe: a cikin Afrilu sun yi alkawarin hazo mai kyau, a watan Mayu, ko da yake ƙananan, amma har yanzu ruwan sama. Amma ga Yuni da Yuli, an yi hasashen za su yi sanyi da damina. Wannan yana haifar da fatan cewa za a iya samun matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa - bisa ga kiyaye fasahohin aikin gona. Kuma ba shakka, yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari da waɗanne al'adu za su iya nuna kansu a cikin yanayin da ake ciki.
Amma ga legumes (a Shakhtyorskoye suna noma chickpeas), yana da ƙarfafawa cewa Mayu ya yi alkawarin zama dumi. Wannan yana da matukar muhimmanci ga karfi seedlings. A bara na bar manoman kasa na tsawon wata shida, sai da aka yi sanyi har ranar 10 ga watan Yuni. Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa seedlings na chickpea ba su da yawa, an hana ci gaba a farkon girma. Tsire-tsire sun yi ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma girbin ba ya ƙarfafawa - kusan kashi 6 kawai a kowace kadada. Wato bai kai matsakaicin matsayi ba.
Ga hatsin mai, yanayin zai iya bambanta. Safflower yana girma a Shakhtyorskoye, ya fi tsayayya ga rashin danshi. Amma flax na iya fama da fari, tunda yana buƙatar ƙarin ruwan sama.
Don dankali, hasashen masu hasashen yanayi yana da kyau a ma'anar cewa sanyi farkon lokacin rani zai ba da damar tubers su haɓaka. Lalle ne, a cikin matsanancin zafi, suna yin hibernate kuma ba sa girma.
Game da ban ruwa, akwai shakku - yana da mahimmanci cewa tafkunan suna da isasshen ruwa.
-Muna shayar da noman nomanmu daga Nura,- in ji Georgy Prokop. - An cika shi daga tafki na Samarkand. Amma ko da babu isasshen ruwa a can, za mu iya inshora kanmu mu dauki ruwa daga mashigin Irtysh-Karaganda. Amma a yankin Abay babu wasu zabuka, sun dogara da tafki na Zhartas. Idan ba su tattara ba, kawai ba za a shayar da su daga ina ba.
Amma ma'anar ita ce: don rage haɗarin ambaliya na ƙauyuka da ke kusa, an saita aikin don kiyaye cikar tafki a mafi ƙarancin izinin da aka yarda a lokacin lokacin dusar ƙanƙara mai aiki.
Tafkin Samarkand, wanda shi ne mafi girma a yankin Karaganda, shi ne ya fi daukar hankalin hukumomi a lokacin da ake fama da ambaliyar ruwa. Yanzu haka tafki na tafki yana zubewa cikin kogin Nura a cikin adadin mita 33 a cikin dakika 50, amma ana iya karawa zuwa 60 - 500. A lokaci guda kuma ana sa ran sake cika tafki a lokacin ambaliya zai kai. fiye da miliyan 1 cubic meters. Wannan ya ragu sau biyu fiye da na kakar da ta gabata, lokacin da narkewar dusar ƙanƙara ta samar da kwararar mita biliyan 170. Dangane da haka, manoma suna fargabar cewa hukumomi za su iya zubar da ruwa daga tafki a cikin bazara. Shin za a sami wani abu da za a cika shi daga mafi ƙarancin (mita cubic miliyan 250) zuwa mafi kyawun matakin (miliyan XNUMX)?
Haka lamarin yake ga sauran wuraren ruwa da ake daure filayen ban ruwa a kai. Babban abin tsoro shine tsakanin manoman yankin Abay. Babban masu samar da dankalin turawa na yankin sun mayar da hankali a nan. Kuma suna da tushen ruwa guda ɗaya don ban ruwa - tafki na Zhartas.
gonakin dankalin turawa mafi girma a yankin Karaganda, gonakin Shans, ya shuka tubers akan hekta 1000 a bara. Girbin ya yi kyau - 320 cents a kowace hekta a matsakaicin matakin yanki na 250 centns / ha. Gabaɗaya, yankin ya sami ɗan ƙaramin dankali fiye da ton dubu 300 tare da buƙatunsa na kusan tan dubu 100. Irin wannan "ragi" ya ba da damar yin amfani da kayayyaki zuwa wasu yankuna na kasar da kuma fitar da su zuwa Uzbekistan guda.
Duk da haka, wannan kakar yayi alkawarin zama da wahala. Da fari dai, mutum ba zai iya ƙidaya yawan amfanin ƙasa ba. Na biyu, yayin da ake kusanci girbin bazara, manoma da yawa suna tunanin rage yankin.
Igor Zhabyak
- Rashin danshi ga masu noman dankalin turawa ya fi hatsari fiye da amfanin gona, - In ji Igor Zhabyak, shugaban gonar Chance. - Lokacin hunturu tare da ƙananan dusar ƙanƙara yana haifar da tambayoyi a gare mu: shin za a cika tafki yadda ya kamata a lokacin rani muna da isasshen ruwa don ban ruwa. Ruwa kawai muke bukata don girbi. Kuma muna da komai - tsaba, fasaha, kayan aiki. Amma idan muka ga hadarin rashin ruwa na ban ruwa, za a tilasta mana yin shinge tare da rage girman yankin. Ba wanda zai shuka don bushe shi a lokacin rani.
A cewar Igor Zhabyak, yankin Abay a lokacin rani yana cin mita 35-40 na ruwa daga tafki na Zhartas don ban ruwa. Ana buƙatar adadin daidai wannan lokacin na yanzu. Ko zai dogara da yadda lokacin ambaliyar ruwa ke tafiya.
- dankali nawa za mu samu idan akwai matsaloli tare da shayarwa, ba zan iya ba kuma ba na so, - In ji Igor Zhabyak. - Amma a bayyane yake cewa girbin zai kasance ƙasa da matsakaici. Kuma ba shakka, idan raguwar ƙarar zai shafi farashin, zai tashi. Waɗannan su ne dokokin wadata da buƙata. Yanzu masu sayar da kayayyaki suna ɗaukar dankali daga gare mu a 80-85 tenge kowace kilogram. Ba na tsammanin yin hasashen abin da farashin zai kasance a cikin fall.
A cikin reshen Karaganda na "Kazvodkhoz" sun ce halin da ake ciki tare da wucewar lokacin ambaliya ba a bayyana ba tukuna. Babban ruwan zai fara a farkon Afrilu, lokacin da yanayin zafi na dare ya zama tabbatacce. Zai yiwu a yi magana game da ainihin ƙarar ruwa narke da kuma cika tafki kawai a tsakiyar bazara.
source: https://forbes.kz