Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru da Cibiyar Nazarin Agribusiness "AB-Center" www.ab-center.ru shirya tallace-tallace bincike na Rasha dankalin turawa kasuwar. A ƙasa akwai wasu sassa na aikin kan cinikin dankalin turawa na yanki.
Wannan kayan yana gabatar da ƙididdigar ƙididdiga akan adadin samarwa, amfani da ma'auni na kasuwannin yanki don dankalin noman masana'antu.
An gabatar da ƙimar yankuna masu bayarwa da yankuna masu karɓa don dankali.
Yankin masu ba da gudummawa - yanki inda yawan adadin abubuwan samarwa ya zarce yawan amfani. Yankin mai karɓa yanki ne inda yawan adadin abubuwan da ake samarwa ya yi ƙasa da yawan amfani.
Don ƙarin ƙima na haƙiƙa, binciken yana ba da matsakaicin alamun shekara-shekara don 2016-2020, tunda bayanai na dogon lokaci suna nuna ainihin bukatun yankuna na wannan samfur. An cire tasirin yanayin yanayi da sauran dalilai (misali, raguwar samarwa saboda fari a cikin 2010, haɓakar dankali a cikin 2015).
A cikin shirya kayan, an yi amfani da bayanai kan matsakaicin yawan jama'a na shekara-shekara ta yanki (na 2016-2020), da kuma ƙididdigar kasuwa masu zuwa:
- Matsakaicin samarwa na shekara-shekara dankalin turawa na noman masana'antu a cikin 2016-2020 ya kai tan dubu 7.
- Matsakaicin adadin shigo da kaya na shekara-shekara, la'akari da adadin shigo da kayayyaki daga kasashen kungiyar kwastam ta EEU, sun kasance a matakin tan dubu 573,1.
- Matsakaicin adadin fitarwa na shekara-shekara dankali daga Rasha na tsawon lokacin da ake bitar ya kai ton dubu 236,7.
- Matsakaicin adadin kasuwar shekara-shekara dankali / matsakaicin amfani na shekara (jimlar samarwa da shigo da ƙasa ƙasa) 2016-2020 sun kasance a matakin 7365,9 ton dubu - ban da asarar lokacin sufuri da ajiya.
- Matsakaicin wadata na shekara-shekara dankalin turawa na noman masana'antu ga kowane mutum (ban da asarar lokacin sufuri da ajiya, la'akari da adadin da aka samu don sarrafawa) a cikin 2016-2020 ya kai 50,2 kg.
Daga cikin dukkanin gundumomin tarayya na Rasha, yawan adadin dankalin turawa ya zarce yawan amfani da shi kawai a cikin Gundumar Tarayya ta Tsakiya - ta 860,3 ton dubu kuma a cikin Ural Federal District - ta 65,9 dubu ton (waɗannan gundumomi masu ba da gudummawa).
A lokaci guda, amfani da dankalin turawa a cikin Babban Gundumar Tarayya ya kai tan dubu 1, samarwa - 973,2 ton dubu. Daga cikin yankuna na Gundumar Tarayya ta Tsakiya akwai yankuna 2 masu ba da tallafi da yankuna 833,5 masu karɓa. Yankin mafi girma na masu ba da gudummawa shine yankin Bryansk, babban yankin mai karɓa shine Moscow.
Wadatar da kai na Gundumar Tarayya ta Tsakiya don dankali na tsawon shekaru biyar da aka yi la'akari (2016-2020) ya kasance a matsakaici a matakin 143,6%.
Wadatar kai tana nufin rabon samarwa da amfani cikin kaso.
A cikin Ural Federal District, amfani ya kasance a matakin 619,9 dubu ton, samar - 685,8 dubu ton. A lokaci guda, yankin mai karɓa ɗaya ne kawai a cikin gundumar - yankin Chelyabinsk, tare da ƙarancin dankalin da yake samarwa a matakin 58,9 dubu ton.
A cikin sauran yankuna na Ural Federal District (Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen yankuna), yawan samarwa ya wuce adadin amfani.
Isar da kai na gundumar Tarayya ta Ural don dankali shine 110,6%.
Karancin dankalin da ake nomawa a cikin gida ya samu ci gaba a yankin Arewa maso Yamma da Gabas mai nisa - 348,5 da 202,3, bi da bi.
Koyaya, ba duk yankuna na gundumomi masu karɓa ke fuskantar ƙarancin samarwa na gida ba. Saboda haka, a cikin Novgorod da Pskov yankuna akwai ragi, Kaliningrad yankin ma gabaɗaya ya isa. An haifar da gibin gabaɗaya a gundumar Tarayya ta Arewa maso Yamma saboda yawan adadin abubuwan amfani da aka yi a wasu yankuna na gundumar. Bugu da kari, yawan amfani yana da yawa a St. Petersburg (ton dubu 268,3 a kowace shekara).
Dangane da Gundumar Gabas ta Gabas, kawai a cikin yankin Sakhalin da yankin Kamchatka, yawan abin da ake samarwa ya wuce adadin yawan amfanin ƙasa - ta ton dubu 22,2 da ton dubu 0,4, bi da bi.
Na gaba dangane da kasawar samar da gida, yankin Tarayyar Siberiya ya biyo baya - 191,7 dubu ton, wadatar gundumar a cikin dankali yana da 77,8%.
Ƙananan ƙananan alamomi a cikin Arewacin Caucasian Federal District - 178,0 dubu ton. Babban matakin wadatar kai anan shine 64,0%.
Daga nan kuma sai yankin Kudu maso Kudu, inda aka samu gibin noma a cikin gida a matakin da ya kai tan dubu 171,4, dogaro da kai ya kai kashi 79,2%. Akwai yanki mai ba da gudummawa ɗaya kawai a cikin Gundumar Tarayya ta Kudu - yankin Astrakhan.
A cikin gundumar Tarayya ta Volga, ma'auni na kasuwa gaba ɗaya ma mara kyau ne. Rashin ƙarancin samar da gida shine ton dubu 170,7, kuma isar da kai yana matakin 88,5%. A lokaci guda, akwai yankuna 5 masu ba da gudummawa don dankali a cikin gundumar Tarayya ta Volga, kuma uku daga cikinsu suna da babban damar fitarwa na yanki - yankin Nizhny Novgorod, Jamhuriyar Chuvash da Udmurt.
A cewar binciken, a yankuna 30 na Rasha, samar da dankalin masana'antu ya zarce yawan amfani da shekara-shekara.
Babban yankin masu ba da gudummawa shine yankin Bryansk. Matsakaicin samarwa na shekara-shekara a cikin 2016-2020 Anan adadin ya kai ton dubu 850,4, amfani, bisa ga Cibiyar AB-Center, yana kan matakin tan dubu 60,5. Yankin yana da ikon samar da ton dubu 789,8 na dankali a waje da iyakokinsa (wannan ya fi bukatun shekara-shekara na Moscow). Wadatar kai na yankin Bryansk a dankali shine 1%.
A matsayi na biyu shi ne yankin Tula, inda suke cinye tan dubu 74,4 na dankalin masana'antu tare da matsakaicin adadin ton dubu 534,3 a shekara. Yankin yana da ikon samar da ton dubu 459,8 na dankali a wajen iyakokinsa, wadatar kai ya kai 717,7%.
A matsayi na uku a cikin yankuna masu ba da gudummawa don dankali shine yankin Astrakhan tare da ingantacciyar ma'auni na kasuwa na tan dubu 254,7 da wadatar kai na 600,8%. Kimanin tan dubu 50,9 na dankalin masana'antu ana cinyewa a yankin, kuma ana samar da ton dubu 305,5.
Duk da haka, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa kusan dukkanin dankalin da aka girma a yankin Astrakhan shine farkon dankali, wanda aka girbe a rabi na biyu na Yuni - Yuli. Matasan dankalin turawa, a cikin yanayin farashin yanayi mai girma na wannan samfurin a cikin wannan lokacin, ba a adana su a cikin ajiya ba, amma ana sayar da su nan da nan bayan girbi. Gabaɗaya, a lokacin lokacin rani, yanki bazai zama yanki mai bayarwa ba, amma yanki ne mai karɓa.
Wuri na hudu a tsakanin yankuna masu ba da gudummawar dankalin turawa, bisa ga Cibiyar AB-Center, na yankin Nizhny Novgorod ne. Adadin amfani a nan yana kan matakin ton dubu 161,8, yawan samarwa shine ton dubu 413,4. Adadin yuwuwar fitarwar yanki shine ton dubu 251,6. Wadatar kai na yankin a dankali shine 255,4%.
Yankin Lipetsk ya rufe manyan yankuna biyar mafi girma na masu ba da gudummawa. Tare da adadin amfani na ton dubu 57,6, ana samar da ton dubu 169,7 na dankali a nan. Yawan yuwuwar isar da kayayyaki zuwa wasu yankuna na Tarayyar Rasha an kiyasta a ton dubu 112,2, wadatar kai shine 294,9%.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa, ciki har da a yankunan masu ba da gudummawa, don rage farashin kowace yanki da kuma ƙara yawan girma da ingancin amfanin gona, gonaki suna ƙara amfani da tsarin ban ruwa lokacin da suke girma dankali.
Yankunan TOP-10 tare da mafi girman rarar kayan gida kuma sun haɗa da Jamhuriyar Chuvash, Tver, Ryazan, Novgorod da Tambov yankuna.
A yankuna 52 na Tarayyar Rasha, akwai ƙarancin dankalin masana'antu na gida.
Yankin mafi girma mai karɓa shine Moscow. Matsakaicin buƙatun shekara-shekara na babban birnin a cikin dankali an kiyasta ta Cibiyar Ƙwararru da Cibiyar Nazarin Agribusiness "AB-Centre" a tan dubu 629,3. Bayarwa zuwa Moscow ne da za'ayi, yafi daga Bryansk, Tula, Lipetsk, Tver, Tambov yankuna, da wasu sauran yankuna na tsakiyar tarayya District, kazalika da Volga Federal District (Nizhny Novgorod yankin, da Chuvash Jamhuriyar, da sauran yankuna). . A cikin kaka-lokaci (musamman Afrilu-Yuni) - ana shigo da kayayyaki daga Masar, Isra'ila, Azerbaijan, da wasu ƙasashe. Bayarwa daga Belarus suna cikin manyan matakan (an gudanar da su duka a lokacin girbi da lokacin bazara). A watan Yuni-Yuli, ana shigo da dankalin farko na Rasha (yafi daga yankin Krasnodar da yankin Astrakhan).
A matsayi na biyu shine St. Petersburg tare da bukatun shekara a matakin 268,3 dubu ton. Ana isar da dankalin turawa zuwa St.
Matsayi na uku a cikin yankuna masu karɓa na cikin yankin Krasnodar ne. Matsakaicin yawan adadin masana'antu na shekara-shekara a nan shine ton dubu 98,4 kawai. An kiyasta adadin yawan amfani da tan dubu 282,1. Bukatun yankin na samar da kayayyaki daga waje, a cewar AB-Center, ya kai tan dubu 183,8.
Matsayi na hudu a cikin yankunan da aka karɓa shine Jamhuriyar Bashkortostan, na biyar shine Jamhuriyar Dagestan.
Manyan yankuna goma da ke da karancin dankali a cikin gida kuma sun hada da yankin Saratov, Jamhuriyar Crimea, Yankin Novosibirsk, Jamhuriyar Chechen da yankin Perm.