Kwararru na kwararrun cibiyar nazarin don tsufa wani binciken kasuwar aikin gona "sun shirya shigo da Seeders, masu shirin shiga Rasha a 2012-2019."
A ƙasa akwai wasu sassa na aikin.
Haɓaka haɓakar kayan aikin gona da aka shigo da su (masu shuka, masu shukawa da masu dasawa) zuwa Rasha suna da alaƙa da:
- Babban shigo da kundin a cikin 2012-2014. Shekarar 2013 za a iya keɓance musamman, lokacin da isar da saƙo ya kai ga kololuwar ƙima a cikin tarihin abubuwan lura (dalar Amurka dubu 153). Ta tarihin abubuwan lura anan muna nufin lokacin daga 299,2 zuwa 2012.
- Faɗuwar juzu'in shigo da kaya a cikin 2015, lokacin da, a cikin mahallin rage darajar ruble, farashin shigo da kaya ya ragu zuwa mafi ƙarancin ƙima (63 USD).
- Wasu dawo da kayayyaki a cikin lokacin 2016-2017., duk da haka, alamun ba su kai matakin 2012-2014 ba.
An fara daga 2018, shigo da masu shuka iri, masu shukawa da masu dasawa zuwa Rasha suna sake raguwa. Duk da haka, duk da raguwar shigo da kayayyaki. Har yanzu Rasha tana daya daga cikin manyan masu shigo da kaya masu shuka iri, masu shukawa da masu dasawa a duniya (wuri na biyu bayan Amurka) tare da rabon 2% na jimlar ƙimar shigo da kayayyaki na duniya (masu nuni ga 8,3, ƙididdigar Cibiyar AB).
Kasuwar masu shukar ƙasashen waje, masu shukawa da masu dasawa a cikin Rasha kuma tana da:
- Matsakaicin rarrabuwar kayayyaki ta ƙasar asali. Babu tabbataccen dogaro ga kayayyaki daga kowace ƙasa a kasuwar Rasha. Duk da haka, ƙasashen TOP-7 masu samar da kayayyaki sun ba da 93,9% na duk abubuwan da aka kawo cikin sharuddan ƙimar (bayanai na 2018). Waɗannan ƙasashe sune: Jamus, Amurka, Sweden, Ukraine, Italiya, Kanada da Faransa.
A cikin Janairu-Afrilu 2019, an rage isar da kayayyaki daga Yukren zuwa mafi ƙaranci. Kasashen da ke samar da kayayyaki na TOP-8, wadanda suka hada da Turkiyya da China, sun kai kashi 96,6% na duk kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su cikin darajar.
Tsakanin 2017 da 2019 Sauran kasashen da suka fito sun hada da Mexico, Argentina, Netherlands da Austria.
- Kasancewa a kasuwa mai mahimmanci na 'yan wasa, ƙaddamar da yawancin tallace-tallace a hannun kamfanoni da yawa. A cikin duka, ana sayar da masu shuka iri, masu shukawa da masu dasawa daga masana'antun kasashen waje 167 a cikin Tarayyar Rasha. Koyaya, yawancin tallace-tallace sun fito ne daga kunkuntar da'irar kamfanoni. Don haka, bisa ga AB-Center, rabon TOP-5 yana da 48,8% na duk tallace-tallace a cikin ƙimar ƙimar, TOP-10 - 68,0%, TOP-20 - 89,3% (bisa ga sakamakon 2018).
- Samar da nau'ikan masu rarrabawa. A cikin kasuwar Rasha, bisa ga sakamakon 2018, irin wannan nau'in kayan aiki ya shigo da kamfanonin 237 na Rasha. A lokaci guda kuma, kamar yadda masana'antun kasashen waje suke, kasuwar ta ta'allaka ne a hannun 'yan wasa kadan. Masu rarraba TOP-5 suna lissafin 43,1% na duk isarwa cikin ƙimar ƙimar (2018), TOP-10 - 59,0%, TOP-20 - 76,1%.
A lokaci guda kuma, wasu kamfanoni (duba taswirar wadata a cikin cikakken sigar binciken) suna tsunduma cikin rarraba kayan aiki daga masana'antun da yawa a lokaci ɗaya.
Author: Alexey Plugov, Ph.D., https://ab-centre.ru/