Yanzu, a cikin lambunan mazauna Amur, a cikin shukokin dankalin turawa, yana yiwuwa a gano da ido tsirara kwaro mai yawan polyphagous - ladybug mai maki 28 ko epilyahna. 'Yan matan dankalin turawa sun fi ciyar da kan dankalin turawa, amma suna farin ciki suna cin abincin ganyen barkono, tumatir, eggplant, kokwamba, kabewa, sauran kankana, masara, waken soya.
Epilyakhna ba ɗaya daga cikin kwarin da suka fito daga waje zuwa Yankin Amur ba. “Ita‘ yar asalin yankin Gabas ce, kuma ta rayu a nan tun kafin mutum ya bayyana. Kawai fadada dasa dankali, musamman a bangaren gidaje, inda babu wani tsari na yaki da shi, a dabi'ance ya haifar da karuwar jama'a, "in ji Pavel Zhirnov, shugaban sashen Blagoveshchensk na reshen Hukumar Kula da Kasafin Kudi ta Tarayya Rosselkhoztsentr a yankin Amur.
Sarauniyar dankalin turawa a yankin Amur tana ba da tsara ɗaya kowace bazara. Bayan sun shaƙu a ƙarƙashin gandun daji a gefen gefen gandun daji, a ƙarƙashin tarin ragowar tsire-tsire a cikin filayen da kuma a cikin babban layin ƙasa, ƙwaro suna fita don ciyarwa a tsakiyar watan Mayu - farkon Yuni. Lokacin hunturu na epilyakhna yana da girma sosai, beetles ba sa mutuwa a yanayin zafi har zuwa -45C °, ana lura da yawan mutuwar amaryar ne kawai a lokacin sanyi da ƙanƙarar ƙanƙara da sanyi sosai. A cikin yankin Amur, yana ciwo har ma a cikin yankin Tyndinsky, wanda aka san shi da mummunan yanayi.
Don ra'ayin cewa yana ɓoye mafi yawan ƙarƙashin a zuriyar dabbobi, gandun daji ta haifar da babban lahani ga dankali a yankin dazuka. A cikin yankuna masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na yankin, ƙarami ne, kodayake a cikin 'yan shekarun nan akwai yiwuwar ƙara yawanta. Beetwanin ƙwaro na mace-mace mai lamba 28 suna cin farantin ganye lokacin da suke ciyarwa, ba tare da taɓa jijiyoyi ba, a takaice dai, suna zub da ganye. Irin waɗannan ganye lalacewa da sauri suna juya launin rawaya kuma suna faɗuwa. Baya ga lalata ganye, epilyakhnas yana yada haɗarin kamuwa da kwayar cuta mai haɗari, kuma a sakamakon haka, yawan dankalin turawa ya ragu da kashi 10-100%, abun cikin sitaci yana raguwa.
Pavel Zhirnov ya ce: "Bayan cin abinci mai kyau na ganyen dankalin turawa, mata dankalin turawa, farawa daga Yuni zuwa tsakiyar Agusta, fara kwai." - Haihuwar amaryar na da matukar girma - wasu jarumai mata sun kai kwai dubu 2. Qwai suna ƙyanƙyashe ƙananan larvae masu launin rawaya, zagaye, har zuwa 6 mm tsawo, tare da layuka na baƙar fata spines - allura, wanda, duk da haka, ba su da damar yiwa kowa ƙwanƙwasa, tunda suna da taushi sosai. Duk tsawon rayuwar su kusan wata daya ne, tsutsa, suna kwaikwayon iyayensu, suna ci da ganyen sosai, suma suna yin kwarangwal. Don haka, a cikin aya mai daraja 28, dukkanin ƙwaro da ƙwayoyin cuta suna da lahani. Sa'an nan larvae pupate kuma ya zama matasa beetles. Matasan beetles, kafin zuwa wuraren hutun hunturu, suna ciyarwa sosai, kuma irin wannan kitsewar kitse na hunturu yana faruwa ne daga tsakiyar watan Agusta zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi - tsakiyar watan Satumba. " Kwararru na sashen kare tsire-tsire na reshen Hukumar Kula da Kasafin Kudi ta Tarayya "Rosselkhoztsentr" sun yi gargadin cewa babbar hanyar yaki da uwar gida mai lamba 28 ita ce ta sinadarai, wacce ke ba da damar dasa dankali don kawar da kwaron na akalla makonni 2 bayan an yi feshi. Domin dankalin da yake girma ya zama lafiyayye ga lafiya, ana gudanar da magungunan ƙwayoyi aƙalla kwanaki 30 kafin girbi. Wannan shine lokacin kiran jira.
A cikin mafi yawan umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, an saita wannan lokacin a kwana 10-25. A cikin Amur Yankin, lokacin rani ya fi sanyi fiye da na Turai ta Rasha, inda aka gwada magungunan kasuwa, don haka magungunan sun bazu a hankali kuma tsawon lalataccen kayan aikinsu ya karu. Bayan jiran kwanaki 30, 'ya'yan itacen da aka sarrafa zasu zama lafiya. Wajibi ne a tsayar da lura da yadda ake amfani da maganin, gwargwadon umarnin da aka makala, a cikin kowane hali don yin la'akari da ƙimar aikace-aikacen da aka ba da shawarar, amma ba don ƙin ƙima ba. Sai kawai lokacin amfani da shawarar da aka ba da shawarar, ragowar magungunan da ke cikin samfurin ba zai cutar da su ba. Kada kayi amfani da magunguna ƙarewa, ƙarewa da kuma ba da izini ba. Idan kuna shirin yin amfani da magani fiye da ɗaya a kowace kakar, to amfani da kwayoyi daban-daban tare da kayan aiki mai aiki daban. Wannan zai taimaka wajen hana fitowar kwari masu saurin kwari. Don ware tara abubuwa masu cutarwa, a cikin yankin Amur an ba da shawarar aiwatar da abin da ba ya da magungunan ƙwayoyi 2 na kayan lambu da kayan marmari a cikin kakar. Don guje wa mutuwar ƙudan zuma, ba shi yiwuwa a aiwatar da maganin sinadarai na albarkatu yayin furanni, yana yiwuwa kawai kafin ko bayan. Gabaɗaya mafi kyau shine yanke furanni akan bushes dankalin turawa, bari abubuwan gina jiki su tafi zuwa samar da tubers, kuma ba don fure mara amfani ba. Zai fi kyau aiwatar da aiki kai tsaye tare da yankunan makwabta, to, mutuwar kwari zai zama mafi girma. Ba shi da haɗari don shirya shiri don sarrafa tsire-tsire a cikin abin rufewar gas na yau da kullun ko RPG mai busa numfashi Gyaran-auduga, kayan adon ba su da ikon kare gabobin numfashin ku daga sunadarai. Saka suturar da ta rufe jikinka gaba ɗaya. Akwatin da aka yi amfani da ita, ragowar maganin dole ne a zubar da shi gwargwadon umarnin da aka haɗa da shirye-shiryen.
Kwararrun Rosselkhoztsentr suna ba da shawarar magunguna masu zuwa: Kwamandan, VRK (babban bangaren maganin da ke kashe kwari kai tsaye shine imidacloprid), Iskra - Zolotaya, P Tanrek, VRK, Corado, VRK (sashi mai aiki - imidacloprid), Aktara, VDG (sashi mai aiki - sitamethoxam). Kare don makonni 2-3 kamar kwayoyi kamar Qi-Alpha, EC (abu mai aiki - alpha-cypermethrin), Kinmix, EC (abu mai aiki - beta-cypermethrin), Walƙiya, EC (abu mai aiki - lambda-cyhalothrin). Bugu da ari, kwayar da ke cikin shuka ta lalata sosai har ta zama kwari ga kwari. An kuma bada shawarar shirye-shiryen nazarin halittu don yakar saniya: Fitoverm, EC (abu mai aiki - aversctin C), Iskra - Bio (abu mai aiki - avertin N), Bitoxibacillin, P. Wadannan shirye-shiryen suna kashe kwari tare da lalata kayan microorganisms, saboda haka basa cutarwa ga mutane. Lokacin jiran su shine kwanaki 2 kawai. Hakanan a lokacin kakar, za'a iya amfani da samfuran halitta ba don magani sama da biyu ba. Babban hasararsu ita ce sauƙin cirewa daga ganyayyaki, ana kula da su da tsire-tsire ta ruwan sama ko raɓa mai yawa, da ƙarancin ingancinsu wajen kashe uwargidan idan aka kwatanta da shirye-shiryen sunadarai. Sabili da haka, ana aiwatar da kulawa da tsire-tsire tare da samfuran halitta a cikin bushe, bayyananne da kwanciyar hankali, lokacin da ake tsammani hazo cikin sa'o'i 8-10 bayan jiyya.