Daga mujallar No. 4 2014
Category: Mutane na farko
Mun sanar da wannan tattaunawar a cikin fitowar ta ƙarshe na mujallar, lokacin da muka rubuta game da sabon matsayi na Alexander Vasilyevich Bogomaz, wani mutum da aka sani a cikin al'ummar dankalin turawa, kwanan nan shugaban wata gona mai wadata da wadata da kuma mataimakin jihar Duma. Don haka hirar ta gudana.
Duk da m jadawalin Alexander Vasilyevich samu lokaci don gaya masu karatu na dankalin turawa mujallar game da yanzu da kuma nan gaba na noma a yankin da aka danƙa masa.
- Alexander Vasilievich, abin da rawa, a cikin ra'ayi, ya aikata noma (girma girma da dankalin turawa girma, musamman) a cikin tattalin arzikin na Bryansk yankin? Yaya muhimmancin ci gaban wannan masana'antu ga yankin?
– Yankin Bryansk ya kasance kuma ya kasance aikin gona. Wannan yana da matsalolinsa da fa'idojinsa. Ƙasar tana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, tana kawo kudin shiga kawai ga waɗanda ke aiki akanta a matsayin mai shi: suna jin shi, sun fahimce ta, suna noma ta yadda ya kamata, kuma suna ba ta taki mai yawa. A cikin noma za ku iya samun nasara, kuna iya samun kuɗi, amma kuna buƙatar saka hannun jari mai yawa - da aikin yau da kullun. Akwai mutane a yankin Bryansk da ke da ikon yin wannan aiki, kuma dole ne mu tallafa musu.
Yankinmu yana da babban damar samar da kayan aikin gona (dankali, hatsi, kaji, naman alade) fiye da yadda muke cinyewa. Tare da ƙaddamar da takunkumi kan samar da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen Turai zuwa Rasha, muna da dama ta musamman don ciyar da yankunan makwabta (kuma, watakila, kasashe). Tabbas za mu yi amfani da shi!
Noma ba bakin rami ba ne, kamar yadda wasu ke cewa. Wannan wata sana'a ce mai ban sha'awa, mai riba wacce za ta iya zama jagora a tattalin arzikin yankin. Kuma tabbas zata zama haka.
- Ta yaya yanzu kuke tantance yanayin masana'antar dankalin turawa a cikin "granary dankalin turawa" na Rasha? Menene yankin Bryansk zai iya alfahari da shi? (Na ji, alal misali, game da buɗe sabon babban hadaddun kwanan nan don adanawa, rarrabawa da tattara dankali). Me ke bukatar gyara?
- Na gode da irin wannan ma'anar yankin mu - "dankalin dankalin turawa na Rasha." Wannan ya wajabta wa masu nomanmu yin abubuwa da yawa. A ganina, idan wani abu yana buƙatar gyara a cikin noman dankalin turawa, to, a ce, "a cikin kawunansu." Komai ya riga ya buɗe kuma an gabatar da shi, duk abin da za ku yi shi ne sarrafa shi kuma kuyi amfani da shi!
Yanzu a yankinmu an ware hekta dubu 22 don girma "gurasa na biyu". A cikin shekarun Soviet, filayen dankalin turawa sun mamaye kusan kadada dubu 110. Amma matakin samar da ba kasa da karkashin Tarayyar Soviet. Muna da gonaki daban-daban da ke yin noman dankalin turawa: babba, matsakaici, ƙanana - kuma kusan dukkansu suna da nasara sosai. Girbi yana kama da (kuma wani lokacin ma gaba) tare da nasarorin Turai. A cewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma a ranar 6 ga Oktoba, idan muka dauki kowane nau'in gonaki a yankin Bryansk, tare da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa na 263 c / ha, an girbe tan dubu 564. Wannan ya ninka fiye da na wannan kwanan wata shekara da ta wuce!
A ƙarshen kakar wasa, muna tattara kusan tan miliyan ɗaya na "gurasa ta biyu," amma wannan yayi nisa da iyaka. Gabaɗayan tambayar ita ce ta yin amfani da fasahohin zamani, yada mafi kyawun gogewa, da horar da ma'aikata. Bugu da ƙari, na ƙarshe, a ganina, yana da mahimmanci musamman, tun da komai ya dogara da mutum. Bai isa ba don siyan sabbin kayan aiki da jefa tsaba masu kyau a cikin ƙasa ...
Dangane da aikin da kuka ambata, a, an yi nasarar aiwatar da shi: maimakon ginin da aka yi watsi da shi na tsohuwar masana'antar tsaro a ƙauyen Kletnya, wani zamani mai fa'ida na ajiyar dankalin turawa ya bayyana. An tsara layin marufi don ɗaukar ton dubu shida na tubers. Mai saka hannun jari a cikin ginin hadaddun shine Bryansk-Agro LLC (wanda ya kafa Vyacheslav Nikiforov), ɗayan mafi kyawun masana'antar noma ta dankalin turawa a yankin Bryansk. Idan muka yi magana game da abin da yankinmu zai iya yin alfahari da shi, irin waɗannan gonaki ne - masu tasowa masu tasowa, girma, masu ban sha'awa.
Alkalin kanka: a cikin 2013, Bryansk-Agro LLC ya ware kadada 590 don dankali, a cikin 2014 - rigar hectare 745, a cikin 2015 an shirya fadada yankin zuwa kadada 900-1000. Kuma sakamakon yana da kyau (a cikin 2013, an girbe tan 9675 na dankali tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 275 c/ha).
A cikin 2012-2013, Bryansk-Agro LLC na daga cikin kamfanonin da suka sami tallafin jihar (a cikin adadin 81 miliyan rubles) a ƙarƙashin shirin "Haɓaka sarrafa dankalin turawa a yankin Bryansk." A daidai wannan lokaci, ababen more rayuwa na wannan kamfani sun hada da na'urorin ajiyar dankalin turawa guda biyu: wani sabon da ke da karfin ajiyar tan dubu shida, sanye da layin zamani na tsaftace bushewa da tattara dankali, da kuma na sake ginawa mai karfin ajiya dubu 3,7. ton.
Me kuma ke da muhimmanci a gare mu a cikin ayyukan wannan gona? Ayyuka ga mutanen kauye! A lokacin babban aikin noma, har zuwa mutane 100 suna aiki a nan. A cikin watanni takwas na wannan shekara, matsakaicin albashi na wata ya kasance 33242 rubles (mai kyau adadi har ma ga birane).
- Wadanne hanyoyi kuke gani don ci gaban masana'antu? Misalin wane yanki na Rasha (ko na waje) yana da ban sha'awa a gare ku dangane da inganta noman dankalin turawa?
– Masana’antar ta riga ta hauhawa. An tabbatar da wannan ba kawai ta hanyar alamun girbi dankalin turawa da kuma ci gaba da aiki na kamfanoni ba, har ma ta hanyar sake dubawa na ƙwararrun baƙi waɗanda suka zo Ranar Filin gargajiya na Bryansk.
A kowace shekara, a tsakiyar watan Yuli, ana gudanar da wani baje koli a yankin Bryansk, inda manoma ke gabatar da nasarorin da suka samu, da fasaha, da iri, da sabbin iri da kuma ci gaban kimiyya. Ina gayyatar ku da masu karatu ku zo, ku ga komai da idanunku kuma ku gaya mana game da wannan taron.
Af, a Bryansk Field Day za ku iya saduwa da wakilai daga Jamhuriyar Belarus, wanda ke alfahari da dankali, da Jamusanci da Yaren mutanen Holland - su ma sun zo wurinmu don kwarewa.
- Daga matsayin mutumin da ya san bukatun manomi sosai, kuma a lokaci guda - gwamna, a tantance: shin shirye-shiryen yanki na tallafin kudi ga masu noma ya zama dole (don rabon tallafin da sauransu)?
– Ana buƙatar shirye-shirye iri-iri. Yankin Bryansk yana shiga cikin shirin niyya na dogon lokaci "Ci gaban ci gaban masana'antar dankalin turawa": yana karɓar tallafin kuɗi mai yawa daga kasafin kuɗi na tarayya kuma yana haɓaka shi da kuɗin yanki. A cewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma, a cikin 2013, alal misali, masu shuka dankalin turawa sun sami taimako daga asusun gwamnati a cikin adadin 68,5 miliyan rubles, ƙara game da wani na uku - haɗin gwiwar yanki.
A bana shirin ya gudana ta hanyar gasa a ma'aikatar noma, amma har yanzu ba a samu kudi ba. Amma, na sake maimaita, shirin yana da kariya, kuma babu shakka kudaden za su isa.
Dangane da shirye-shiryen haɗin gwiwa tare da Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma don tallafawa masu samar da noma, akwai kusan dozin biyu da rabi a cikin yankin Bryansk: wannan ya haɗa da "tallafin kowace hectare", "kowace lita na madara", "farawa". da gonar iyali” da sauransu. Ana ba da tallafi, ana biyan kuɗin ruwa akan lamuni - nau'ikan tallafi daban-daban.
Hakanan akwai shirye-shiryen yanki kawai. Misali, tallafawa matasa masu aikin gona da ke zuwa aiki a karkara, da gudanar da baje koli da nune-nune. Zan iya cewa da kwarin gwiwa cewa yankin Bryansk yana cikin manyan goma a cikin Tarayyar Rasha dangane da adadin tallafi ga masu samar da noma.
— Shin akwai wasu sabbin shirye-shirye da ake ci gaba da aiki dasu?
"Muna son bullo da wani shiri don karfafa yaduwar filayen noma da ba a yi amfani da su ba - wuraren da a yanzu ke tsaye, cike da ciyawa da bishiyar birch. Dukanmu mun fahimci cewa bayan lokaci babu sauran ƙasa akasin haka, saboda dalilai da yawa, wuraren da suka dace da amfanin gona suna raguwa koyaushe. Wannan babbar matsala ce!
Kuma lokaci yana da mahimmanci a nan: ya kamata shirin ya fara aiki nan gaba kadan. In ba haka ba, ba za mu taɓa samun damar yin amfani da yankuna da yawa ba.
- 'Yan jarida sun rubuta sau da yawa game da tsare-tsaren manyan kamfanoni masu alaka da gina masana'antun sarrafa dankalin turawa a yankin Bryansk. Za a aiwatar da irin wadannan ayyuka?
- Duk abin da ke kawowa kuma zai kawo kudin shiga na gaba zuwa kasafin kudin yankin Bryansk da gundumomi, wanda zai taimaka wajen bunkasa aikin noma a yankin, inganta rayuwar mutane, za a yi aiki da kuma aiwatar da su. Za mu yi fare akan ayyukan da suke da tasiri ko iya kasancewa haka. Har ya zuwa yau, ba mu rage aikin saka hannun jari guda ɗaya a rukunin masana'antar noma. Jama'a suna saka kudi, gina gonaki da masana'antu, samar da sabbin ayyukan yi, kuma tabbas gwamnatin yankin za ta tallafa wa irin wadannan masu zuba jari.
Dangane da ayyukan sarrafa dankalin turawa, suna aiki. Akwai matakai, akwai tsare-tsare. Ya zuwa yanzu babu wanda ya yi kasa a gwiwa a kansu, kuma ko shakka babu hukuma ba za ta yi musu katsalandan ba!
- Wanne gwaninta masu noman dankalin turawa na Bryansk kuke tsammanin shine mafi nasara kuma mai ban sha'awa?
– Starodubsky gundumar ne shugaba a cikin Bryansk yankin. Baya ga sanannun kamfanoni na TNV "Red Oktoba" da kuma IP Putsko L.I a ko'ina cikin Rasha, muna da sauran gonakin dankalin turawa, wanda ya kamata shugabannin su yi koyi!
Vladimir Zhutenkov (Druzhba LLC, gundumar Zhiryatinsky).
Ya fara aiwatar da ayyukan zuba jari na noman dankalin turawa a shekarar 2010, inda nan take ya shuka hekta 1000 na dankalin turawa (yanzu hekta 1500). A cikin wannan shekarar, ya gina gidan ajiyar dankalin turawa mafi girma a Rasha tare da karfin tan dubu 40.
A cikin 2014, kamfanin ya fara gina wani wurin ajiyar dankalin turawa don ton dubu 10 tare da na'urorin sanyaya na musamman don siyar da samfuran marigayi. Za a ba da izini ga kayan aikin don girbi na 2015.
A halin yanzu ana girka layin wanke dankali da marufi mai karfin tan 15 a sa'a guda.
Nikolay Pashutko (gonar gona "Ci gaba", gundumar Starodubsky).
Gidan gona yana gudana tun 1992. Yana da wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa guda biyar tare da jimlar tan dubu 40. A wannan shekara, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya fi 500 c/ha don nau'in Jelly da 400 don nau'in Red Scarlett a cikin 2014, kamfanin ya sayi kayan aiki don shuka, girbi, da sarrafa dankalin da darajarsu ta kai rubles miliyan takwas ta amfani da nata kudaden.
Mikhail Dovgalev (IP "Dovgalev MM", gundumar Starodubsky)
Na fara aiki da dankali a 2002. A yau, ana noman wannan amfanin gona a kan yanki fiye da hekta 3. A cikin 000, ya gina wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa guda biyu tare da nauyin ton dubu uku kowanne. Gabaɗaya, gonarsa yanzu tana da wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa guda takwas.
A cikin 2014, na kuma gina na'urar bushewa mai karfin tan 30 a kowace awa.
Shirye-shiryen da za a yi a shekara mai zuwa sun hada da gina katafaren wuraren ajiya guda hudu tare da yawan tan dubu 10, da sayen tarakta hudu da karin kayan aikin shuka, sarrafa da kuma girbi dankali.
Vyacheslav Melnichenko (IP "Melnichenko V.G", gundumar Dubrovsky)
Ya kwashe shekaru bakwai yana noman dankalin turawa. Yankin - 700 hectares. Ko da yake akwai mummunan fari a wannan lokacin rani, na sami yawan amfanin ƙasa: 400 c / ha don nau'in Bellarosa da 350 c / ha na Red Fantasy iri-iri.
A wannan shekara na sake gina tsarin samun iska a wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa (akwai biyu daga cikinsu - ton dubu uku kowanne). A cikin ɗayan, ana aiwatar da sarrafa zafin jiki yanzu ta atomatik (ikon yanayi), a cikin ɗayan - da hannu.
A cikin 2013 na sayi sabon mai girbi, kuma a wannan shekara na sayi mai shuka dankalin turawa.
A shekarar 2015, ana shirin gina wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa uku na tan dubu biyu kowanne: biyu a kauyen Aleshinka, daya a Afonino.
Mikhail Svistunov (gonar gona "Svistunov", gundumar Starodubsky)
Gidan gonar Mikhail Svistunov yana da shekaru 13. Akwai kadada 300 a ƙarƙashin dankali (a duka, hectare 1000 ana noma a gonar). A shekara mai zuwa, yankin da ke karkashin dankali zai karu zuwa kadada 400. Matsakaicin amfanin dankalin turawa a cikin 2014 shine 350 c/ha (mafi yawan amfanin gona shine 420 c/ha).
A wannan shekara na sayi saitin kayan aiki: mai haɗawa, mai shuka da mai yankan niƙa. A cikin 2015, za a gina sabon wurin ajiyar dankalin turawa na ton dubu uku don sabon girbi.
Alexander Akhlamov (IP "Akhlamov A.V.", gundumar Starodubsky)
Yana da ɗakunan ajiya guda bakwai don dankali tare da jimlar fiye da ton dubu 15. Ya noma shahararrun irin Red Scarlett, Natasha, da Zhuravinka a kasuwa. Farashin kilogram na dankali daga A. Akhlamov shine 11-12 rubles da kg. Yana aiki tare da masu cin kasuwa a cikin yankin Rostov da yankin Astrakhan. Domin saukaka kwastomomi, manomi ya gina ma'auni na masana'antu; Gina wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa da samun kayan aiki. Ƙaddara don haɓaka tattalin arziki da amfani da fasahar zamani.
- Alexander Vasilyevich, a matsayi mai ban sha'awa da ke wakiltar yankin Bryansk a nunin "Golden Autumn" a Moscow, da alama akwai komai: madara, cuku, nama, tsiran alade, irin kek ... Kuma ko ta yaya dankali ya kasance a kusurwa, ba a ba. duk a tsakiyar nunin. Shin hakan yana nufin abubuwan da yankin ke da fifiko suna canzawa?
- Wannan shine kawai hangen nesa na abun da ke ciki. A gaskiya ma, ga yankinmu, duk kayan aikin gona suna cikin tsakiya, kuma dankali musamman.