Rubutu: Maria Rozhkova
Samar da kayan adon bango a cikin Rasha yana samun ƙaruwa
Har zuwa kwanan nan, mazaunan bazara ne kawai ke girma da tsirrai da kuma tushen seleri a Rasha. Babu wata ma'ana ta musamman game da tsara masana'antar - zai yi wuya ƙaramin manoma ya tsayayya da gasa tare da masana'antun ƙasashen waje. Amma, kamar yadda suke faɗa, ba za a sami farin ciki ba, amma masifa ta taimaka: ƙaddamar da takunkumi, wanda aka gabatar don mayar da martani ga takunkumin da ke adawa da Rasha, ya yanke wadatar seleri daga ƙasashe da yawa. Godiya ga wannan, masu samar da aikin gona na Rasha sun mai da hankali ga wannan sabon al'adun a gare su.
Tabbas, Rasha har yanzu tana nesa da yawan ƙasashe masu samar da kayan lambu na gargajiya. A cewar Andrey Ivashkin, wani kwararren masani a tushen da seleri da leek na kamfanin "Raik Zwaan Rus", a wannan lokacin a Rasha a karkashin tushen da kayan lambu
bai mallaki kadada 300 ba, yayin da a Turai kawai petiole ake nomawa a hekta dubu 16: kadada dubu 4,6 a Italiya, kadada dubu 3,1 a Faransa, kadada dubu 2,1 a Spain (don fitarwa zuwa Burtaniya) da kusan kadada dubu 1,4 a Jamus . Petiole seleri shima sananne ne a Amurka, China, Japan, Israel, da ƙasashen Scandinavia.
Yankin shuka na petiole da tushen seleri:
Rasha 300 ha
Italiya hekta dubu 4,6
Faransa hekta dubu 3,1
Spain 2,1 dubu ha
Jamus 1,4 dubu ha
Daya daga cikin na farko a tsohuwar Tarayyar Sobiyet da ya shuka seleri shine Vladimir Matusevich, shugaban gidan gonar Maentak Matusevichy (Jamhuriyar Belarus, yankin Minsk). Ya kafa kasuwancin danginsa a 1988. “Mun fara noman duk wasu samfuran da ba su da yawa kuma ba sa yaduwa sosai a yankin tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet wacce aka santa da ita a Yammacin duniya - seleri (tushe da petiole), leek, kowane irin kabeji (Savoy, farin kabeji, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabi) - duk sun baiwa masu saye mamaki, Vladimir Matusevich ya tuna. "Sa'annan mutane da gaske sun so su gwada yanci da sauran kayan talla." Da farko, bukatar kayan masarufi na da matukar aiki, sannan kuma ta dan yi kadan - mutane sun gaji da son sani kuma sun koma kabeji na gargajiya, in ji shugaban gonar.
"Maentak" Matusevichy "kadada 20-30 ne kawai. Daga cikin waɗannan, ba a mamaye hekta 1,5-2 a ƙarƙashin seleri a cikin shekaru daban-daban ba. Vladimir Matusevich ya ce: "A da, mun fi girma seleri, amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan matsaloli sun fara bayyana tare da aiwatar da shi, saboda haka, idan muka dasa seleri, galibi petrol ne," in ji Vladimir Matusevich. Manomin ya lura cewa ya san kawai mai samar da kayan lambu a cikin yankin Jamhuriyar Belarus. "Amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan na ji labarin manyan ayyuka a Rasha," in ji shi.
Thearfafa don noman masana'antar seleri a Rasha, ba shakka, takunkumi ne, Andrei Ivashkin ya gamsu. “Wannan al’adar ta daɗe da shahara a tsakanin jama’a saboda kyawawan abubuwan da take da su. Kuma idan da farko an shigo da seleri akasari, yanzu da yawa masu samar da noma suna samar da shi a cikin gonakinsu, - in ji shi. "Kafin sanya takunkumi, mazauna lokacin rani ne kawai suka shuka wannan noman, babu rarraba masana'antu." Yawancin filayen suna shagaltar da seleri masu tsinkaye a cikin Krasnodar Territory da Crimea, da kuma tushen
mafi sau da yawa girma a Tsakiyar Rasha. Petiolate yafi girma a waje, amma kuma yana yiwuwa ya girma a cikin greenhouses a cikin hydroponics.
Kirkirar keɓaɓɓu na karuwa a kowace shekara. “Ci gaban sha’awa a cikin irin wannan al’adar kamar ta seleri tana da alaƙa da halayyar faɗaɗawa mai mahimmanci, da farko a cikin manyan yankuna na ƙasar Rasha, na rayuwa mai ƙoshin lafiya (HLS), wanda ke ba da damar shigar da kayan lambu masu ƙananan kalori amfanin gona a cikin abinci, "in ji Sergey Kutko (Jamhuriyar Crimea; girma kayan lambu). "Kamfaninmu shine mafi girma da ke samar da magunguna da dama, don haka batun kula da lafiyar mutum ba sabon abu bane a gare mu."
Shugaban gonar Vladimir Parkhomenko yayi bayanin zabi na seleri a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan kayan amfanin gona na kamfanin Agroleto (Krasnodar Territory) ta hanyar yawan buƙata da ake samu daga sarƙoƙin manyan kantunan, haka kuma ta hanyar buƙatun yau da kullun daga abokan ciniki don haɓaka wannan samfurin. Agroleto shine babban furodusa mai keɓaɓɓen kayan masarufi a Rasha. Vladimir Parkhomenko ya ce "Mun tsunduma cikin aikin noman da kuma kammala kayan amfanin gona da yawa - radishes, leeks da seleri." "Waɗannan albarkatu ne masu ɗan kaɗan, idan aka yi komai daidai: daga zaɓin nau'ikan iri-iri ko matasan da suka dace da yanayin yanayinmu na musamman, zuwa wanka da kuma haɗa kayan, a shirye da za a sanya su cikin sanyi."
A kowace shekara da yawa masu samar da noma suna kokarin shuka seleri a cikin gonakinsu. Don haka, a cikin "Manoma Agrosoyuz" Ga theasar Uwa "(yankin Moscow; girma salati a kan kadada 60, kabeji, seleri, leek da sauran albarkatu a fili) a wannan shekarar sun girma kuma sun girbe amfanin gona na farko na seleri. Yankin gabaɗaya da ke ƙarƙashin tushe da seleri ya kai hekta 4,2. “Mun yi ƙoƙari mu yi aiki tare da tsarin gwargwadon iko: masu saye suna buƙatar sabbin kayan gona, muna ƙoƙarin haɓaka su, - in ji babban masanin harkar gona na gona Sergey Korolev. - Kamar kowane sabon al'ada, suna tsoron kar a sami wadataccen ilimi. Koyaya, shekarar farko ta ba da sakamako mai kyau, saboda haka muna iya amintar da cewa muna son al'adun kuma muna shirin faɗaɗa yankin a ƙarƙashin seleri a shekara mai zuwa. "
Seedlings shine tushen komai
Abu mafi mahimmanci a samar da seleri shine shuka shukoki, saboda ingancin kayan shuka zai tabbatar da yadda tsiron yake haɓaka, Andrei Ivashkin ya tuna.
Babban wahalar ita ce cewa tsaba seleri kaɗan ce. "Saboda wannan dalili, yana da wahala a shuka wannan amfanin gona ta hanyar shuka kai tsaye," in ji wani kwararre a Rijk Tswaan Rus, "kananan tsaba ke tsiro a hankali".
Yawancin lokaci ana girma seleri a lokuta da yawa: ana iya dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a buɗe daga tsakiyar Mayu zuwa Yuli. Wannan shine ainihin abin da Maentak Matusevichy yayi. “Mun shuka seleri a matakai guda uku: mun shuka kashi na farko na tsaba don shuka a watan Maris, na biyu -
a farkon watan Afrilu, na uku - a karshen watan Afrilu, - sun raba shugaban gonar Vladimir Matusevich. "Wannan yana ba mu damar girbin seleri a cikin Belarus har zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba."
... wannan al'adar tana da wahalar girma ta hanyar shuka kai tsaye, karami
tsaba ke tsiro a hankali
Andrey Ivashkin ya ce "A algorithm na girma ta hanyar shuka yana da sauki kuma kai tsaye." "Da farko, ana yin shuka: ana shuka su a cikin kwalaye, sannan sai su nitse cikin kaset ko kofuna, sannan kuma ana shuka su a buyayyar kasa." Tsaba don tsire-tsire yawanci ana shuka su a ranar 1 ga Maris, tsirrai suna bayyana a rana ta 10. Kwanaki 7 na farko bayan wannan, ya zama dole a kula da zafin jiki na 14-18 ° C don kada tsirrai su miƙa.
"Daga 17 ga Maris, za ku iya ɗaga zafin rana zuwa 21 ° C, da dare - har zuwa 15 ° C," ya ci gaba. - Ainihi, duk wannan lokacin, kwalaye da seedlings suna cikin fim greenhouses, a matsayin mai mulkin, mai tsanani. Kuma a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, lokacin da ganye na gaskiya 2 suka bayyana, ana dasa su cikin kaset ko kofuna tare da peat. " Sun fara taurara tsire-tsire a sararin sama kusan daga 5 ga Mayu, kuma a ranar 10, lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kai kwanaki 70-80 kuma suna da ganye 4-5 na gaskiya, an riga an dasa su a cikin filin. Waɗannan matakan da sharuɗɗa suna da mahimmanci ga ɗakunan daɗaɗɗen tushen seleri.
Kwararren masani "Raik Tswaan Rus" ya ja hankali ga gaskiyar cewa yakamata a cire shukokin da suka dace daga kaset. Ana dasa shuki da hannu ko amfani da kayan dasawa. A wannan matakin, yana da matukar mahimmanci kar a zurfafa shuke-shuke ta yadda ba za a cike gibin girma ba, in ji Andrey Ivashkin. Yawancin lokaci, ana shuka tsire-tsire dubu 1 zuwa 65 na seleri masu ɗanɗano a kowace kadada (dangane da ƙasa da yanayin canjin yanayi, kasancewa
fasaha mai dacewa da bukatun kasuwa).
Santiago Gaston, kwararren masanin seleri a Rijk Zwaan Iberica, ya ce: "seedlingswararrun tsirrai masu inganci ba ɗayan mahimman abubuwa ba ne, amma mahimmin mahimmancin samun samfuran kasuwa mai kyau a lokacin girbi," - Kasar Spain ita ce kasar da ta fi kowace kasa samarwa
stalked seleri a cikin yanayin bazara-bazara kuma yana ba da samfuran zuwa kasuwannin Turai da yawa - Jamus, Faransa, arewacin Turai. A cikin Spain, ana shuka tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ta hanyar shuke-shuke na musamman na greenhouse. Manomi yana karɓar tsire, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire na mafi kyau duka (kwanaki 55-65 na ciyayi). Muna aiki na musamman tare da daidaitaccen primed stalked seleri tsaba. Ire-iren wadannan tsaba suna girma cikin sauri da kuma sasantawa a sashin shuka, wanda hakan ke bata lokaci sosai don samun ingantattun tsirrai. "
An shirya yanki don seleri a gaba don haka babu ciyawa. Magabata na kwarai - amfanin gona wanda aka yi amfani da takin zamani - kabeji ne. Bayan dasa shuki a cikin filin, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da abubuwan kara kuzari, idan ya cancanta. Lokacin girma na wannan amfanin gona shine kwanaki 140-180 (daga shukokin tsire-tsire), kuma yawan amfanin gonar petiole seleri shine 40-70 t / ha. Bugu da ƙari, matsakaici
an rubuta amfanin ƙasa a cikin Amurka - 96 t / ha.
An girbe seleri lokacin da ɗakunan suna da yawa, ba tare da fanko ba. Koyaya, dole ne ku sami lokaci don cire shi kafin zaren ya zama mai tauri da m. Ana yanka harbe da hannu da wuka na musamman, yana raba su daga tushen abin wuya a matakin ƙasa. Hakanan za'a iya gajarta ganyen na sama. Don siyarwa ga abokin cinikayya na ƙarshe, an yanka seleri na petiolate tare da tsayin ƙwanƙwasa na 27-35 cm da nauyin 150 zuwa 800. Kafin sayarwa, ana tsabtace tsire-tsire
daga gefen harbe ba dole ba. Kasuwancin kasuwanci yana ƙunshe da cire ganyaye da ƙananan bishiyoyi, sizing, shiryawa da sanya su a ɗakunan firji don sanyaya a zazzabi na 0 ° C da kuma yanayin ƙwancin dangi aƙalla 98%. A cikin kwali na musamman tare da ɓoyewa, ana iya adana wannan samfurin ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun yanayi na makonni 3-4.
Yayin girbin tushen seleri, ana fara sare saman, sannan sai tushen dasa shi kansa ya diga a ciki (ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar inji). "Daga nan sai a tsabtace tushen sai a sanya shi a cikin wani akwati, wanda za a ajiye shi," in ji Andrey Ivashkin. "Zai fi kyau a adana tushen seleri tare da tushen a kaikaice saboda kada kamuwa da cutar ya isa wuraren da aka yanke, kuma kafin a aika wa abokin cinikin ya kamata a wanke shi, a cire masa tushen sai a goge shi, idan ya cancanta."
Dumi da danshi
Ilasa da yanayin yanayi suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a noman seleri. Andrey Ivashkin ya ce "ilsasa da ta fi dacewa da wannan amfanin gona ita ce loams da ke da danshi mai kyau," "A lokaci guda, galibi ana amfani da ban ruwa mai danshi a kudu." Af, lokacin girma a kan drip
haske ƙasa mai yashi suma sun dace da shayarwa. Hakanan seleri yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki a kan loams, loams masu haske da ƙasa mai yashi. Manyan kasa da ambaliyar ruwa ta yi kaɗan ba su dace da wannan al'ada ba, ya yi gargaɗi ga ƙwararren masani daga Raik Tswaan Rus.
Dangane da kwarewar Sergey Korolev, filayen ƙasa marasa kyau ne kawai suka dace da narkar da seleri, inda ruwan karkashin ƙasa yake da zurfin zurfin ƙasa. A cewar babban masanin ilimin gona na "Manomin Agrosoyuz" Na Forasar Uwa "
wanda baya son tsananin zafin jiki kuma yana buƙatar shayarwa koyaushe a matakan farko, musamman bayan shuka. "A kan seleri, muna amfani da ban ruwa da kuma ban ruwa," in ji shi.
Kwararren Celery "Raik Zwaan Iberica" -
Santiago Gaston de Iriarte Dupui de Lome
Sergey ya ce: "Celery kyakkyawa ce mai son danshi," in ji Sergey
Kutko daga Phytosovkhoz Raduga. "A wasu, musamman ranakun zafi a watan Yuli da Agusta, yawan ban ruwa ya kai 250-300 na m3 na ruwa a kowace kadada, kuma duk tsawon lokacin noman mun yi amfani da kimanin m-6 dubu 6,5 na ruwa a kowace kadada." Gidan yana amfani da ruwan ban ruwa tare da mai yayyafa na gaba daga masana'antar Amurka TL. “Mun yi imanin cewa lokacin da ake noman seleri a kudanci, yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don samar da tsire-tsire da isasshen danshi ba, amma kuma don rage yawan zafin jiki na farfajiyar saman iska - wannan yana ba da gudummawa wajen samar da kwayar halittar, rashin rashi na rashi da katako, ”in ji shugaban kamfanin.
Wannan al'ada tana da matukar buƙata akan tsarin zafin jiki, in ji Andrey Ivashkin. “Celery na iya fitar da harbe-harben furanni a yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da 10 ° C ko kuma, akasin haka, tare da ƙarin ƙaruwar zafin jiki, don haka kuna buƙatar sa ido kan yanayin zafin,” ya yi kashedi. "A lokacin hunturu, seleri yana jure yanayin sanyi ba kasa da -4 ° C. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na ci gaba daga 17 zuwa 24 ° C." Bugu da ƙari, a cikin Krasnodar Territory, inda matsakaicin yanayin zafi a lokacin rani ya fi girma a sarari, ana noman wannan noman cikin nasara.
Celery yana son mai haihuwa
isasa tana cike da kyakkyawan humus. Waɗanda ake so magabata a wurinsa su ne cucumbers da sauransu
al'adun da suke bayar da gudummawa a ƙarƙashinsu
kwayoyin
Celeri yana buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki. Koyaya, kafin zaɓar abinci, ƙwararren masanin kamfanin "Raik Zwaan Rus" ya ba da shawarar gudanar da nazarin ƙasa don tantance ainihin abin da ake buƙata a yi amfani da shi a kowane yanki na musamman. Yana da al'ada don yin farkon ciyarwa a ranar 20 bayan dasa shuki, ya lura Andrey Ivashkin. Celery yana buƙatar nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium da alli, da kuma abubuwan da aka gano. "Shuka
kanta tana nuna ƙarancin abubuwan alaƙa da abubuwan gina jiki. Don haka, idan kun ga duhu a tsakiya tsakanin fatar jikin ruwa, to babu wadatar alli. Eningwaƙƙan duwatsu, bushewar ƙaramin ganye a tsakiyar tsiron seleri na iya nuna mahimmancin rashi na boron. Bugu da kari, zamu iya magana game da rashin boron idan ana iya ganin launin ruwan kasa a kan yanke tushen amfanin gona (daga baya
an samar da fanko a wurin sa), ”in ji shi. Vladimir Parkhomenko daga Agroleto ya ce, "Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da ingantaccen tsarin abinci mai gina jiki dangane da sakamakon binciken kasa da bayanai kan matakin da aka tsara na samar da amfanin gona da cire kayan abinci mai gina jiki."
Ana amfani da dukkan manyan takin mai magani ga Maentak Matusevichy ƙarƙashin albarkatun seleri da kore: nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium. Shugaban gonar ya ce "Muna yin kwalliyar foliar da boron, muna amfani da takin da muke hadawa," in ji shi. "Muna kuma aiwatar da matakan kariya - muna amfani da magungunan kashe ciyawa kafin dasa shuki." An yi amfani dashi akan gona da kayan gwari - har zuwa mataki na 6
ganye. Vladimir Matusevich ya gamsu da cewa "Tabbas, akwai matsaloli game da cututtuka, don haka jiyya ya zama dole."
Daya daga cikin hanyoyin kare seleri daga cututtuka da kwari shine kiyaye jujjuyawar amfanin gona. A cewar Andrey Ivashkin, da kyau, ya kamata a dawo da seleri zuwa yanki ɗaya a cikin shekaru 3-4.
Tunda seleri wakili ne na dangin laima, wanda kuma ya hada da karas, dill, faski, parsnips, shuka wadannan amfanin gona daya bayan daya gaba daya
ba shi yiwuwa. Vladimir Ceusevich ya ba da labarinsa "Celery yana son ƙasa mai dausayi - mai cike da humus mai kyau," - kyawawa magabata a gare shi su ne cucumbers
da sauran albarkatun gona wadanda ake gabatar da kwayoyin halitta. Yawancin lokaci muna shukawa bayan kabeji, wanda a koyaushe muke sanya taki. " Juyawar amfanin gona a Maentak Matusevichy mai sauki ne: “Muna da kadada 20 na namu filin noma, mun yi hayar wasu kadada 10. Don haka, an rarraba dukkan ƙasashe zuwa filaye iri ɗaya daidai: ɗaya muna shuka hatsi, ɗayan - kabeji, kuma na uku - albarkatun kore (seleri, faski, dill, alayyafo). Kuma shekara mai zuwa, maimakon hatsi, mu shuka kabeji, maimakon kabeji - kore, kuma maimakon kore - hatsi, ”in ji shugaban gonar.
Sergey Korolev shima yayi magana game da buƙatar sauya al'adu. “Muna da karamar gona - hekta 120 kawai, don haka bai yiwu ba har yanzu a tsara cikakken juyawar amfanin gona - yankin bai yarda ba,” in ji babban masanin harkar gona na kungiyar Manoma 'Agrosoyuz For Motherland. - Muna aikatawa
juyawar amfanin gona don rage matsalolin cuta. " Gonar bata girma da karas da sauran kayan kwalliya, saboda haka, babu barazanar yaduwar cutar sankarar mahaifa, kumburin fure da fure mai laushi tsakanin amfanin gona. Koyaya, akwai kwayar cuta a cikin filayen, kuma har yanzu bai yiwu a iya magance wannan matsalar gaba ɗaya ba, Sergey Korolev yayi nadama. "Tabbas, akwai barkewar cututtuka," in ji shi. - Daidai ne don yakar su ana bukatar kwararru - masana harkar noma "
Andrey Ivashkin ya hakikance cewa mafi kyawun ma'aunin cuta da maganin kwari rigakafi ne. Misali, namo of resistant iri da kuma hybrids. Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya yin shirye-shirye na musamman don al'adun da suka gabata. Af, a kan seleri suna amfani da waɗancan
shirye-shiryen iri ɗaya ne kamar akan karas an yarda don amfani a yankin Tarayyar Rasha.
An yi amannar cewa babban damuwar masanin ilimin gona lokacin da yake narkar da kayan lambu shi ne kula da kwari kamar kwari da aphids. Kuna iya yaƙar su tare da taimakon magungunan kwari ko hanyoyin nazarin halittu - entomophages ko shiri na musamman. A aikace, duk da haka, sau da yawa yawancin seleri suna kamuwa da cututtuka fiye da kwari. Cututtukan da suka fi yaduwa a wannan al'ada sune septoria (yana shafar raunanan shuke-shuke), cercospora, sclerotinia, rhizoctonia, da fusarium. A cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata, cutar phytoplasmic aster yellowing (Ingilishi: Aster Yellows (Phytoplasma), wanda ake ɗorawa ta hanyar shan kwari, musamman ta bakin ganye mai ganye shida), ya haifar da mummunan lahani ga al'adun ganyen seleri. yankunan kudanci na Rasha, galibi a farkon - tsakiyar lokacin rani,
bayan fara girbi amfanin gonar hatsi na hunturu, lokacin da kwari masu cutar don neman tushen abinci su yi ƙaura zuwa albarkatun kayan lambu, inda kamuwa da cutar ke yaduwa. Gabaɗaya, ya zama dole a ba da kulawa ta musamman game da kare seleri daga cututtuka da kwari don samun samfurin gasa mai inganci ƙwarai a wajen fita, bayanin kula Andrey Ivashkin.
Me zaka shuka
Ya zuwa ƙarshen 2018, nau'ikan 30 da ganyaye da iri iri 31 na tushen seleri an haɗa su a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Nomarorin da aka yarda don amfani a Rasha. Waɗannan galibi sune Yaren mutanen Holland da Rasha. A lokaci guda, ana yin rijistar sabuntawa koyaushe tare da sababbin iri da matasan.
Ya kamata a ba da zaɓi na mafi dacewa da ƙwararru da iri don wani tattalin arziki musamman kulawa, Andrey Ivashkin ya gamsu. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata na asali don nau'ikan da keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin seleri, ya kira juriya ga cututtuka da furanni, ƙananan zaren zarra (wannan ya zama dole saboda ɗakunan ba su da ƙarfi kuma ba su da girma). Af, masu saye galibi sun fi son koren koren petioles, mai laushi da ƙyalli.
Andrey Ivashkin ya lura da cewa ire-iren Yaren mutanen Hoda da kuma na gauraya sun fi shahara ga masu kera noma. "Akwai dalilai da yawa na wannan: suna da yawan amfanin ƙasa, sun fi ƙarfin cuta kuma suna da ɗan gajeren lokacin girbi," ya lissafa. - Kuma wani m gefen na Yaren mutanen Holland iri da kuma hybrids - karamin adadin gefen harbe ko cikakken rashi da juriya ga mummunan yanayin yanayi.
Yana da kyau a kula da ƙwayoyin da aka dasa na musamman tare da ɗan tayin da aka farka - na farko, in ji ƙwararren. Suna saurin girma - riga a rana ta 4 a ƙarƙashin wasu sharuɗɗa. Gaskiya ne, sun fi buƙata akan yanayin ajiya (dole ne a adana su a zazzabin da bai wuce 5 ° C ba) kuma suna da ɗan gajeren rayuwa - daga watanni 3 zuwa 6. Andrey Ivashkin ya ce "Galibi manyan masu kera kayan noma ne ke sayan su, saboda ana da tabbacin za su fito da sauri kuma a daidaice, wanda ke haifar da kama mai kama da juna," "Waɗanda ke da manyan yankuna galibi ba sa son ɗaukar kasada, don haka sun fi son sayen tsabtar da aka tabbatar." Kwararren ya tunatar da cewa, gwargwadon ka'idoji, yawan tsire-tsire na tsaba ya kamata ya kasance sama da kashi 70%, yayin da iri na Yaren mutanen Holland da matasan da ke cikin wannan adadi yawanci baya kasa da 90-95%.
A kowane hali, ya kamata masana'antun aikin gona su ba da fifiko ga nau'ikan da ke tattare da shi da kuma matasan da suka shiga rajistar daga masu samar da amintattu, in ji masanin.
Nemi mai siye ka
A kowane irin aikin noma, mabuɗin shine noman kyawawan kayayyaki da kuma tsarin sayar da su. A cewar mahalarta kasuwar, babu matsaloli game da cinikin seleri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. "Mun sami masu siye na duk yawan kayayyakin da aka kera," in ji babban masanin ilimin aikin gona na Manomin Agrosoyuz Za Rodinu. Girbinmu na farko daga hekta 4 ya kai tan 140. ” Gonar ba ta aiki tare da sarƙoƙi kai tsaye - ana sayar da ƙarar duka ga dillalai. Sergey Korolev ya ce: "Wasu abokan cinikinmu suna aiki tare da shagunan sarkar, wasu suna cin abinci." "Ba za mu iya aiki kai tsaye tare da hanyoyin sadarwar ba, tunda karamin gonarmu ba a shirye yake ya samar da kayan aiki ba."
A Jamhuriyar Belarus, aiwatarwar daidai take. Vladimir Matusevich ya ce: "A farkon shekarun 1990, mun sayar da kayayyakinmu a kasuwa." "Kuma yanzu muna aiki tare da mai siyarwa wanda ke siyan kayayyakin lokaci daga gare mu, kuma a lokacin hunturu ana samar da irin waɗannan kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje." Manomi ya gamsu da cewa idan masana'antun suka sami kasuwa, to tabbas shidi ya cancanci daraja. Vladimir Matusevich ya gamsu: "Muna sayar da kayayyakinmu a kan farashin da ya kai $ 0,5-1 a kowace kilogram," "Amma a gare ni bangaren tattalin arziki ba shi da mahimmanci: Ina samun gamsuwa daga noman iri-iri, kuma wannan ya fi mahimmanci," in ji shi.
Andrey Ivashkin ya hakikance cewa shaharar seleri tsakanin masu amfani da ita za ta karu ne kawai. "Lafiyayyen salon rayuwa yana cikin nutsuwa, kuma seleri na daya daga cikin abinci mafi koshin lafiya a kusan dukkan abincin da ake ci," in ji shi. - Wannan al'ada tana da abubuwa masu amfani da yawa, ta ƙunshi bitamin da yawa, gishirin ma'adinai, mahimman mai, phytoncides. " Duk da yake lafiya da kyau suna cikin halin, za a sayi seleri, gwani ba ya shakka.
Tare da hanyar da ta dace da wannan amfanin gona, la'akari da yawan farashin da ake sayarwa a kasuwa, bisa la'akari da matsakaicin yawan amfanin gona na 40-70 t / ha kuma saboda yawan buƙata da ake samu daga sarƙoƙin sayarwa, zamu iya amintar da riba na seleri a cikin matakin 50-100%, a tushe - a matakin 30-70%, ya tara Andrey Ivashkin