Glyphosate har yanzu shine jagoran samfuran fitar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin, kodayake tallace-tallace na ciyawar ganye sun lalace.
Takaitaccen rahoto na "Binciken sabon bayanai game da shigo da magungunan kashe qwari a kasar Sin da kuma abubuwan da ke faruwa a nan gaba" ta ICAMA (Cibiyar Kula da Agrochemicals, Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Jamhuriyar Jama'ar China), wanda aka gabatar a taron bitar game da fitar da magungunan kashe qwari a China (CPEW 2019), wanda AGROPAGES ya tsara.
1. Shigo da fitar da magungunan kwari na fuskantar kalubale, yayin da fitar da kayan kwari na fasaha ya karu da sauri fiye da yadda ake tsara su
Shigo da shigo da magungunan qwari na qasar China a farkon rabin shekarar 2019 ya gamu da manyan matsaloli. Kodayake jimillar darajar shigo da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje ya haura zuwa sabon dalar Amurka biliyan 4, shigo da magungunan kashe qwari da fitarwa ya karu da kashi 473% kawai, wanda ya ragu da kashi 2,4% a shekarar 8,3. Daga cikin wannan jimlar, fitarwa ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 2018, ya karu da kashi 4,178% ƙasa da haɓakar lambobi biyu a cikin shekarun da suka gabata.
Matsakaicin fitar da kayayyakin fasaha zuwa kayan ƙwari yana nuna canje-canje masu zuwa, dangane da teburin da ke sama.
Daga 2011 zuwa 2017, fitar da kayan aikin fasaha don maganin rigakafin ya ragu daga 63,2% zuwa 56,3%, kuma abun da ke ciki ya haɓaka daga 36,8% zuwa 43,7%. Tun daga 2018, fitar da kayan aikin fasaha don magungunan kashe ƙwari ya fara girma, ya zarce kashi 60%, yayin da fitarwa daga kayan ƙira ya ragu.
Dangane da kayan tattarawa, darajar fitarwa na kayan fasaha da kuma abubuwanda ake hada magungunan kashe kwari a cikin masana'antu a farkon rabin shekarar 2019 wanda ya kai dala biliyan 3,169, wanda yake shi ne 2,1% mafi yawa, yayin da fitowar fitowar kwastomomi ta koma dala biliyan 1,009 - karuwar 4% .
Kodayake tallace-tallace na samfuran a cikin kayan kwastan sun lissafta kusan 25% na jimlar, haɓakar tallace-tallace na samfuran a cikin kunshin fansho ya fi yadda ake shirya masana'antu.
Kungiyoyin Kayan Kwayoyi... Cinikin kashe kwari ya karu a cikin farashi da yawa a rabin farko na 2019, da kashi 14,5% da 20,8%, bi da bi.
Fungicides ya ɗauki matsayi na biyu tare da 6,4%, kuma fitowar masu haɓaka shuka ya rage da 27,6%.
Tallace-tallace na nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire, wanda ya kai fiye da rabin jimlar fitarwa, ya fadi daga dala biliyan 2,265 a bara zuwa dala biliyan 2,163 a wannan shekarar, sannan kuma fitarwa ya ragu daga tan 520 300 zuwa tan 508 800, ya faɗi 4,5% da 2,2 , XNUMX%, bi da bi.
2. Fitarwa zuwa Latin Amurka ya nuna mafi girman girma: bifentrin, celodim, da chlorothalonil sun taka muhimmiyar rawa
Jigilar zuwa Latin Amurka, wacce ita ce kasuwa ta biyu mafi girma a Sinawa kan kashe magungunan kashe qwari, ta haura sosai: fitar da dala ya kai dala biliyan 1,223, sama da kashi 30,6% daga daidai wannan lokacin a bara.
Afirka ta shigo da girke-girke mafi girma.
Brazil, a matsayi na biyu mafi girma na fitar da maganin kashe ƙwari daga China, tana siyayyar sayan kayayyakin agrochemical.
Don haka, farashin magungunan kashe qwari da ake fitarwa zuwa Brazil ya karu daga dalar Amurka miliyan 397 na daidai wannan lokacin a bara zuwa dala 573 - wato, an sami karuwar 44,2% karuwa.
Jigilar kayayyaki zuwa Argentina sun zama na biyu, yayin da fitarwa zuwa Amurka (kasuwa mai mahimmanci ga magungunan kashe qwari ta China) ya fadi da kashi 9,2%.
Fitar da kaya zuwa Indiya ya karu da kaso 11,8%, yayin da fitarwa zuwa wasu kasashen Asiya, irin su Thailand, Vietnam da Indonesia, suka yi kasa.
Asiya ita ce kuma babbar kasuwar kashe magunguna. An kiyasta fitar da magungunan kashe qwari a farkon rabin shekarar 2019 a cikin dala biliyan 1,259, wanda ba shi da kaso 2,8% idan aka kwatanta da $ 1,295 biliyan a daidai wannan lokacin na 2018, amma har yanzu yana da kashi 30% na jimlar fitarwa.
Ta hanyar kayan abinci masu aiki. Dangane da bayanai daga manyan magungunan fitar da 10 mafi kyawun kwayar cutar, glyphosate har yanzu shine babban kayan fitarwa na kasar Sin, yana biye da paraquat, duk da cewa tallace-tallace sun fadi sosai, yayin da tallace-tallacen bifentrin suka yi tsalle sosai da kashi 276,7% a farkon rabin shekarar 2019 idan aka kwatanta da wannan lokacin. lokacin bara. In mun gwada da haɓaka tallace-tallace mafi girma dangane da celodime, emamectin da chlorothalonil.
3. Sakamakon yakin kasuwanci tsakanin China da Amurka, rashin tabbas kan hasashen fitowar magungunan kashe qwari ya karu
Tsakanin 1978 da 2018, kasuwancin magungunan kashe qwari na duniya ya haɓaka. Ana tsammanin karin ci gaba a cikin 2019, saboda bukatun duniya don samar da abinci.
Game da fitar da magungunan kashe qwari na kasar Sin, Amurka har yanzu ita ce babbar kasuwar fitar da kayayyaki ta kasar Sin. Ko ta yaya, darajar fitar da magungunan gargajiya ta kasar Sin zuwa Amurka a farkon rabin shekarar 2019 ya ragu da kashi 9,2%.
Shafin da ke gaba yana nuna babban ƙaruwa a cikin fitar da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ta kasar Sin zuwa Amurka a bara, 2018. Rage tarin kaya na iya haifar da fitarwa daga Amurka zuwa bana.
Rikicin kasuwanci tsakanin Amurka da Amurka a farkon rabin wannan shekarar shi ma ya shafi fitar da magungunan kashe qwari na kasar Sin.
Masana'antar maganin kashe kwari ta kasar Sin tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsarin samar da isasshiyar duniya, kuma bukatar hakan ta kasance a Amurka. Koyaya, ba a warware matsalar jadawalin kuɗin fito tsakanin ƙasashen biyu ba, wanda ya haifar da rashin tabbas ɗin da ya shafi masana'antar maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ta China, gami da tsaurara matakan kiyaye muhalli da kiyaye amincin aiki a cikin PRC.
ICAMA, wani ma'aikaci ne na Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona da Harkokin Yankunan karkara na kasar Sin, a halin yanzu yana aiki don aiwatar da manufofin da suka dace don tallafa wa kamfanonin da ke shigo da fitarwa da magungunan kashe qwari, kamar rage lokacin rajista da farashin kwastomomi. Bugu da kari, ana daukar matakan tallafi don inganta fitarwa na tsarin kananan-fakitoci.
Karanta cikakke: https://www.agroxxi.ru/