A yau, an fara baje kolin gundumar Tarayyar Ural a yankin Chelyabinsk, inda manoma za su yi musayar gogewa, gasa da kuma duba makomar masana'antar noma. Me yankinmu zai yi alfahari da shi a wannan fanni? Yaya rayuwa a Rasha a yau ba kawai ga kayan aikin gona ba, har ma ga manoma? Gubernia ya gano haka a jajibirin ranar filin Ural.
Tare da wace nasara ce yankin Chelyabinsk ke fuskantar biki? Menene muka fara a ciki kuma wane nau'in kayanmu ne 'yan kasashen waje suke so? Kuma wace rawa manoma ke takawa a duk wannan? "Gubernia" ya sadaukar da dukan jaridar jarida zuwa Ranar filin Ural. Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi bayanai kaɗan kawai.
Tun daga shekarar 2012, yankin Chelyabinsk yana nuna ci gaba mai dorewa a aikin noma. A cikin 2017, idan aka kwatanta da 2016, yawan samar da masana'antu na masana'antu (AIC) ya karu da kashi 1,6 cikin dari kuma ya kai 126,1 biliyan rubles. A cewar Gwamna Boris Dubrovsky, yankin Chelyabinsk a yau yana daidai da sauran yankuna na noma na kasar, yana ciyar da mazaunan Urals ta Kudu da kayayyaki masu inganci iri-iri:
"Kowace shekara, ana aiwatar da sabbin ayyukan saka hannun jari a fannin aikin gona a yankin, sabbin masana'antun fasahar fasahar kere-kere sun bayyana, a fannin aikin gona da masana'antar abinci," in ji shugaban yankin.
Kudancin Ural yana ciyar da Rasha kuma yana fitar da taliya, nama da kayan zaki
Shekarar 2017 ita ce shekarar da ta fi yawan albarka a cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata a yankin Chelyabinsk. An tara tan miliyan 2 307 na hatsi. Wadannan nasarorin, a cewar ministan noma na yankin Alexei Kobylin, suna da alaƙa da yanayin yanayi mai kyau da kuma sake yin amfani da fasaha na kayan aikin noma. Rubutun 200 miliyan na tallafin da aka biya ya ba da damar siyan kayan aiki kusan kusan biliyan biyu rubles. A bana, an kuma kiyaye adadin tallafi a wannan fanni. Gabaɗaya, tallafin jihohi don rukunin masana'antu a cikin 2018 shine 3,8 biliyan rubles, wanda biliyan biyu daga kasafin yanki ne.
Kyakkyawan aiki a cikin 2017 ya kasance a cikin kiwo. A karshen shekarar, an samar da ton 542 na nama, wanda ya zarce ton 30 fiye da shirin. A karon farko a tarihin yankin, yawan nonon shanu ya kai kilogiram 5. Aikin da yankin ke fuskanta shi ne kawo wadannan alamomin zuwa kilogiram dubu 544-8 a nan gaba, kamar yadda yake faruwa a yau a mafi kyawun gonakin yankin.
Shirin 2018
Nama - 510,5 tons
Milk - 427,4 tons
hatsi - 1 miliyan 744 dubu ton
A lokaci guda kuma, ga wasu manyan abubuwa, ana hasashen alamun za su kasance sama da yadda aka tsara: samar da nama na kowane nau'in - ton dubu 543, madara - ton dubu 455 saboda karuwar yawan noma a gonaki.
Menene farkon?
Yankin Chelyabinsk ya kasance na farko a cikin Ural Federal District wajen samar da naman kaji, naman alade, ƙwai da kayan lambu na greenhouse. Babban matsayi a cikin hadaddun masana'antu na yanki da kuma a matakin tarayya: wuri na farko a cikin samar da taliya (fiye da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yawan samar da taliya na Rasha ana samarwa a yankin - 29 bisa dari), wuri na biyu a cikin samarwa. naman kaji, matsayi na uku a cikin samar da nama iri-iri da kwai kaza .
Me muke fitarwa?
Kudancin Urals na fitar da kayayyakin amfanin gona ba kawai ga sauran yankunan kasar ba, har ma da kasashen waje, musamman zuwa kasar Sin. Koriya ta Kudu, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, da Uzbekistan suma ana daukarsu a cikin yankunan da ke da alhaki wajen bunkasa fitar da kayayyaki da shigo da kayayyaki da fasahar noma. Fitar da kayayyaki na masana'antar agro-masana'antu: naman kaji, naman alade, sarrafa nama, gari da taliya, abubuwan sha da kayan abinci, man sunflower.
Ayyukan zuba jari: daga dakin gwaje-gwajen kiwo zuwa shuka don abubuwan sha da aka yi daga albarkatun kayan lambu Daga 2012 zuwa 2017, an aiwatar da manyan ayyukan zuba jari guda 27 a yankin Chelyabinsk don jimlar 39 biliyan rubles, kuma ana aiwatar da wasu ayyukan saka hannun jari 19. A ƙarshen 2017, an ƙaddamar da wani aiki a SURSAU a cikin tsarin tallafi daga Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta Tarayyar Rasha don ƙirƙirar dakunan gwaje-gwajen kiwo tare da goyon bayan abokin tarayya na masana'antu. A wannan shekara, an bude wata masana'anta don samar da abubuwan sha daga albarkatun kayan lambu a Chelyabinsk, kuma a cikin kaka ana sa ran kaddamar da wani sabon rukunin greenhouse a yankin hakar ma'adinai. Kudade daga masu zuba jari, tallafin jihohi da kuma kudade daga asusun tarayya don haɓaka garuruwan masana'antu guda ɗaya an jawo hankalinsu don gina rukunin gidaje na Ust-Katavsky. Kaddamar da sabon samar da greenhouse a Ust-Katav zai cika bukatun al'ummar yankin na samar da kayan marmari. Gine-gine hadaddun "Gorny" a cikin gundumar Ust-Katav - wannan shi ne 720 sabon jobs, 25 dubu ton na kayan lambu a kowace shekara.
A cikin shekaru biyar manoma sun ninka yawan abin da suke nomawa sau uku
Kwanan nan, mutane a cikin al'umma suna ƙara yin magana game da gaskiyar cewa makomar ta kasance ga manyan albarkatun gona. Duk da haka, noma a Kudancin Urals bai daina matsayinsa ba. Ƙananan gonaki, ciki har da gonakin iyali, suna shiga cikin shirye-shiryen tallafi na jihohi kuma suna karɓar tallafin ci gaba.
Kamar yadda Alexander Zavalishchin, Mataimakin Ministan Aikin Noma na farko na yankin Chelyabinsk, ya shaida wa Gubernia, goyon bayan gwamnatin tarayya da na yanki, wanda aka ba da umurni a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don bunkasa duk nau'o'in mallaka ba tare da togiya ba, yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa tushen tattalin arziki na kananan nau'o'in gudanarwa. Sakamakon haka, yawan kayan amfanin gona da ake samarwa a wannan fanni na rukunin masana'antun noma yana ƙaruwa. Don haka, bisa ga kididdigar, rabon samar da gonaki da ’yan kasuwa guda daya a shekarar 2017 dangane da shekarar 2012 ya karu sau uku - daga kashi 3,2 zuwa kashi 10,1 a shekarar 2017, yayin da jimillar samar da kayayyaki na wannan lokaci ya ninka sau biyu (daga 69 zuwa 126). XNUMX biliyan rubles).
An samu gagarumin ci gaba wajen noman hatsi. Don haka, idan a cikin 2012 manoma sun girbe ton dubu 170 na hatsi, wanda ya kai kashi 24 cikin 2017 na yawan amfanin gona, to, a cikin 1 gonaki sun girbe kusan rabin adadin yanki - 83 miliyan 2017 ton na hatsi. A cikin 2016, idan aka kwatanta da 33, yawan girbin hatsi da dankali da manoma suka yi ya karu da kashi 45 cikin dari, iri mai - da kashi 32 cikin dari, kayan lambu - da kashi 2010 cikin dari. Rabon gonaki da daidaikun ‘yan kasuwa a fannin noman amfanin gona baki daya, idan aka kirga daga shekarar 5, ya karu daga kashi 24 zuwa 2017 a shekarar XNUMX.
Magidanta (gona) a cikin 2017 sun kawo adadin shanu zuwa 32, daga cikinsu akwai shanu dubu 14,1. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar noma da nama. Daga 2012 zuwa 2017, noman madara a gonaki ya karu da kusan kashi 40 cikin dari - har zuwa tan dubu 21,7. 2 - kamar yadda yawancin gonaki da ƴan kasuwa ɗaya (190 da 1, bi da bi) suka tsunduma cikin aikin noma, akwai a yankin Chelyabinsk, a cewar Rosstat tun daga ranar 676 ga Janairu, 514.
Manoman da suka samu tallafin sun samar da sabbin ayyuka 400 a cikin shekaru shida
gonaki a yau sune suka fi shiga cikin shirin, inda suke samun tallafi a kusan dukkan fannonin bunkasa noman noma. A cewar Mataimakin Ministan Noma na farko na yankin Chelyabinsk Alexander Zavalishchin, idan a cikin 2011 tallafin gonaki ya kai miliyan 95, manoma 179 sun sami tallafi, sannan a cikin 2017 ya riga ya wuce miliyan 440 rubles, da da'irar masu karɓa. tallafin ya karu zuwa kananan gonaki 586 .
Mayar da hankali kan naman sa da kiwo Tallafi ga manoma masu farawa. Tallafin da aka yi niyya ta nau'in tallafi, wanda aka ware bisa gasa, yana da babban tasiri ga ci gaban harkar noma. Tun daga 2012 (har zuwa 2018), manoma masu farawa 216 sun sami tallafi jimlar 301,6 miliyan rubles. Wadannan gonakin sun samar da sabbin guraben ayyukan yi guda 397 sannan wasu 93 kuma za a samar da su ta hanyar masu karbar tallafin bana. A wannan shekara, adadin kuɗin tallafin ya kusan ninki biyu: daga 43,8 zuwa 90 miliyan rubles, kuma adadin masu karɓar tallafin ya karu daga gonaki 17 zuwa 31. Sabanin lokutan baya, ainihin duk tallafin da aka samu ana samun su ne ta hanyar bunkasa nama da kiwo. Tallafi ga gonakin dabbobi na iyali. Tun daga shekara ta 2013, yankin ya kuma fara aiwatar da shirin tallafawa gonakin dabbobi na iyali. Tsawon shekaru shida, gonakin iyali 19 sun sami tallafi a cikin adadin 130 miliyan rubles, nama da gonakin kiwo tara da gonar doki ɗaya.
source: https://gubernia74.ru
- Kirkirar gonakin dabbobi na iyali ya riga ya zama wani tsari na samar da kananan masana'antun noma tare da fasahar samar da kayayyaki, ta hanyar amfani da ka'idojin noma na zamani. A matsayinka na mai mulki, waɗannan gonaki ne masu kafa matsuguni waɗanda aka tsara ƙarin ayyukan yi kuma waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga ci gaban yankunan karkara, - in ji Alexander Zavalishchin.