A lokacin girma, dankali yana amsa da kyau ga ban ruwa, amma buƙatun su na danshi yayin girma da haɓaka ba iri ɗaya bane. Alal misali, ƙananan danshi na ƙasa (65 - 70% na MPV) kafin germination da kuma lokacin fitowar su ana buƙatar don samar da tsarin tushe mai karfi wanda ke shiga cikin ƙasa mai zurfi, wanda ba zai iya lalacewa ba yayin noman tsakanin layi. Har ila yau, kyakkyawan ci gaban tushen ya sa ya yiwu a sami mafi kyawun kayan abinci daga ƙasa.
A lokacin ban ruwa, wajibi ne a yi amfani da tashoshin yanayi tare da firikwensin ƙasa. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin ƙasa suna ba da bayani game da irin matakan da ke faruwa a halin yanzu a cikin ƙasa, yadda danshi ke cinyewa ta tushen tsarin shuka da kuma wane ƙarfi.
Tashar ET0 da firikwensin bayanan martaba
A ranar 27 ga Yuni, ma'aikatan Metos LLC sun shigar da saitin tashar yanayi don lura da ma'auni na ruwa da kuma samun danshi a cikin ƙasa a filin gona na AgroAlliance - NN LLC don shuka dankali.
Tashar yanayin ET0 tana sanye take da saitin na'urori masu auna firikwensin:
- Logger don canja wurin bayanai zuwa dandalin gajimare,
- Ma'aunin hazo,
- Yanayin zafin iska da firikwensin zafi,
- Jimlar firikwensin hasken rana,
- Ultrasonic anemometer don saurin iska da shugabanci.
Dangane da shawarwarin FAO, irin wannan nau'in kayan aiki ne ke ba ku damar ƙididdige ƙididdigewa da ainihin ƙazamin ƙawance (yawan danshin da ya ƙafe a cikin wani lokaci da aka ba shi daga saman ganyen shuka da ƙasa).
Ana kuma haɗa firikwensin bayanin martaba na abun ciki na danshi a cikin ƙasa zuwa tashar. Amfanin wannan nau'in firikwensin shine ikon saka idanu sosai akan danshi ƙasa a cikin haɓakar cm 10. A cikin yanayin da ake ciki yanzu, an zaɓi zurfin kulawa na 60 cm don saka idanu akan yankin tushen dankali a cikin mahimman matakai na lokacin girma. Na'urar firikwensin abun ciki na danshi yana nuna ƙima a cikin%: inda 1% a cikin wani Layer za a iya fassara shi zuwa 1 mm a cikin Layer 10 cm. A lokaci guda, ƙwararrun mu sun zaɓi samfurin tsada amma mai inganci tare da kuskuren ma'auni na ƙasa da 1%. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman lokacin aiki tare da ƙasa mai haske, inda akwai ɗanɗano zai iya zama ƙasa kaɗan (4-7 mm). A ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi, kurakuran firikwensin 2-3% ko fiye na iya ɓata ƙimar su da mahimmancin irin waɗannan karatun. An dasa dankali kamar ranar 24 ga Mayu. An shigar da tashar yanayi tare da firikwensin ƙasa na bayanin martabar Sentek a cikin filin a ranar 27 ga Yuni. A yayin aikin tashar yanayi da firikwensin ƙasa daga ranar 28 ga Yuni zuwa 12 ga Yuli, za mu iya fahimtar yadda ci gaban tushen tsarin ke faruwa da kuma yadda yawan ɗanshi ke faruwa a sararin ƙasa daban-daban.
Jadawalin 1
A kan jadawali (Graph. 1) za mu iya lura da wadannan kuzarin kawo cikas na danshi amfani da shuka na samuwa danshi. Tushen tsarin shuka yana da kyau sosai, tun lokacin amfani da danshi mai samuwa yana faruwa daga zurfin 0 - 50 cm. Yankin tushen aiki yana cikin zurfin kusan 20 - 40 cm.
Yin amfani da ruwa mai aiki shine saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin lokacin daga Yuli 3 zuwa Yuli 9 (Graph 2) an sami karuwar zafin ƙasa a zurfin 0 - 40 cm, sakamakon abin da shuka ta fara cinye danshi. .
Jadawalin 2
Rage yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa yana shafar ba kawai ta hanyar amfani da ruwa ta hanyar shuka ba, har ma ta hanyar ƙaura. A lokacin daga Yuli 3 zuwa Yuli 9 (Graph. 3), game da 25 mm na samuwa danshi evaporated daga leaf surface da ƙasa surface. Sabili da haka, lokacin da muke shirin aiwatar da ban ruwa na gaba, ya zama dole a kula ba kawai ga yawan damshin da ya rage a cikin ƙasa ba, har ma da yawan damshin da ke ƙafewa cikin yanayi, ta yadda lokacin zabar adadin ban ruwa, muna ramawa. don danshi da aka rasa ba kawai ta hanyar amfani da ruwa ba, har ma saboda ƙaura.
Jadawalin 3
Har ila yau, lokacin aiki tare da firikwensin ƙasa, muna da damar da za a saita "Layin Kasafin Kuɗi". Wannan aikin yana ba ku damar kimanta yanayin da ake samu don shuka da sauri kuma ku zaɓi madaidaicin ƙimar ruwa.
Jadawalin 4
Kula da jadawali (Graph. 4), zamu iya cewa shuka yana girma a cikin yanayi mafi kyau don ci gaba da ci gaba (kore Zone). Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, daga 3 ga Yuli zuwa 9 ga Yuli, ana lura da amfani da ruwa mai aiki ta hanyar shuka, saboda gaskiyar cewa a kwanakin nan an sami yawan karatun zafin iska. A sakamakon haka, an sami isasshen danshi a cikin sararin samaniya, kuma zafin ƙasa ya ƙaru. Tsawon ruwan sama, wanda ya fara a ranar 9 ga Yuli kuma ya ci gaba har zuwa 12 ga Yuli, tashar yanayi ta rubuta a cikin adadin kusan 94 mm. Saboda hazo na yanayi, yawan danshin da ke cikin kasa ya karu har ya shiga yankin da ruwa ya cika.yankin blue). Saboda haka, babu buƙatar ruwa a mako mai zuwa.
A lokuta daban-daban na lokacin girma, rashi da wuce haddi na danshi yana da illa ga girma da ci gaban shuka.
Godiya ga tashar da aka shigar da firikwensin, muna da damar yin lissafin ma'auni na ruwa, da kuma danshi da ake samu ga shuka. Wannan bayanin, haɗe da yanayin yanayin da ake tsammani, lokacin girma, yanayin ƙasa, da kayan aikin ban ruwa, yana ba da damar daidaita ƙimar ban ruwa.
Manufofin tallafin noma da ayyuka
Daga wannan makon, muna shirin buga rahoton mako-mako a matsayin wani bangare na tallafin noma. Ta hanyar tallafin aikin gona muna nufin hulɗar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun mu tare da ma'aikatan gona masu alhakin, da kuma ƙirƙirar duka hoto mai aiki da cikakken hoto na yankin da aka zaɓa. A cikin yanayinmu, muna magana ne game da al'amurran da suka shafi kula da danshi na ƙasa, daidaiton ruwa da inganta aikin ban ruwa.