Ƙungiyar masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Bincike ta Tarayya don Shuka Shuka (Jamus) ta ba da shawarar yin amfani da ionizing radiation don yaƙar nematodes. Wani labarin da aka buga a Agronomy 2022 akan www.mdpi.com yayi bayanin sabuwar hanyar.
" Dankali cyst nematodes Kodadde Globodera и G. Rostochiensis manyan kwari ne da ke haifar da asarar amfanin gona ga tattalin arziki.
Alamun kamuwa da cuta, irin su stunting da yellowing na ganye, ba takamaiman ba ne kuma suna bayyana a cikin matakai na ci gaban shuka. Sabbin yawan jama'a Globodera spp.. tare da babban virulence, shawo kan duk sanannun juriya a cikin nau'in dankalin turawa, na iya faruwa a kowane lokaci.
Hana yaɗuwar waɗannan nau'ikan nematodes guda biyu yana da matuƙar mahimmanci. Gutsutsun ƙasa da ke manne da tubers har yanzu sune tushen cysts nematode.
Ana amfani da matakan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta irin su γ- da β-irradiation a cikin lalata kayan marufi da samfuran likitancin da za a iya zubar da su daga kewayon ƙwayoyin cuta da kwari.
A cikin masana'antar abinci, iska mai iska yana tsawaita rayuwar rairayi ko kuma hana germination na fungal spores. Yawan kuzarin da wani abu ke sha yana bayyana a cikin raka'a na kashi Grey (Gy), inda aka ayyana 1 Gy a matsayin makamashin 1 J da aka canjawa wuri zuwa nauyin kilogiram 1 a cikin filin ionizing radiation tare da yawan kuzarin kuzari akai-akai.
Kayan da aka yi da shi da kansa ba ya zama rediyoaktif, tun da iska mai iska ba ta ƙunshi kowane nau'in atom ko barbashi na rediyoaktif ba, kuma abin da ke cikin iska ba ya haɗuwa da tushen radiation.
Matsakaicin kisa sun bambanta ga kwayoyin halitta daban-daban; fungi da invertebrates sun fi kula da γ-irradiation, yayin da kwayoyin cuta suka bayyana suna da juriya ga allurai har zuwa 25kGy.
Yawancin karatu a baya sun yi nazarin illolin gamma irradiation akan nematodes. An nuna hanyar da za ta yi aiki da kyau a kan nematodes masu rai ta hanyar tarwatsa spermatogenesis ko ƙara yawan ƙananan mazan da ke cikin yawan jama'a, amma hankulan gamma irradiation ya bambanta tsakanin nau'in nematode daban-daban, kuma G. rostochiensis ya fi sauki fiye da Heterodera schachtii.
A cikin wani binciken da masana kimiyya na Jamus suka yi, an bincika ko iyawa da samuwar cysts nematode suna danne ta γ- da β-irradiation.
A cikin gwaji na farko, an bi da cysts nematode tare da γ- ko β-irradiation ba tare da matrix na ƙasa ba don ƙayyade ma'auni na mafi ƙarancin kashi a cikin kewayon daga 0 zuwa 12 kGy.
Bayan haka, samfuran ƙasa guda biyu masu wakilci waɗanda ke ɗauke da cysts sun haskaka. An yi amfani da hasken γ da β a allurai na 0, 1, 4, 8 da 12 kGy a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa a Synergy Health Radeberg GmbH (Radeberg, Jamus) ta ma'aikata na musamman.
An kimanta tasirin hasken iska akan yuwuwa da sabon samuwar cyst ta amfani da gwaje-gwajen ƙyanƙyashe da tantancewar halittu tare da tsire-tsire dankalin turawa, bi da bi. An gudanar da irin wannan gwaje-gwaje a kan shukar masara, saboda dankali a Jamus yawanci ana girma a cikin juyawa tare da wannan amfanin gona.
An gano cewa 4 kGy shine mafi ƙarancin adadin gamma ko beta irradiation a cikin gwaje-gwajen don cikakken rashin kunnawa. G. pallida kuma G. Rostochiensis. An samo mafi ƙarancin amfanin nematodes na yara ne kawai a cikin cysts G. rostochiensisfallasa kai tsaye zuwa β-irradiation a kashi na 4 kGy, wanda ke nuna takamaiman halayen nau'in.