Taimakawa masu noman dankalin turawa su nemo nau'in dankalin turawa da suka fi jure wa yuwuwar wargajewar yanayin zafi yana da matukar muhimmanci ga dorewa da ribar tan miliyan 4.5 na Kanada a duk shekara, in ji rahotanni. Portal Dankali.labarai.
Da yake fahimtar wannan bukata, Dokta Xu-Qing Li, Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma da Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) mai bincike a Cibiyar Bincike da Ci Gaban Fredericton a New Brunswick, tana nazarin matsalolin zafi a cikin dankali na shekaru. A cikin 2018, ya ɗauki aikinsa zuwa mataki na gaba ta hanyar haɗa ƙarfi tare da ƙungiyar masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar New Brunswick da wasu masu haɗin gwiwa na duniya don nazarin martanin nau'ikan dankalin turawa daban-daban guda 55 don zafin damuwa, babban binciken farko na farko. irinsa.
A yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka yi nazari, damuwa na zafi yana rage girman ganye, amma yana haɓaka sama da tsayin tsire-tsire, yayin da yake rage adadi da nauyin tubers sosai. Wannan binciken ya kuma ƙayyade irin nau'ikan da suka fi jure zafi: Eramosa, Chieftain, AC Belmont da Superior.
Gano waɗannan nau'ikan shine muhimmin mataki na farko, amma ko da waɗannan dankalin ba su yi kyau sosai a cikin zafi ba, don haka a bayyane yake ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike. A cikin 2020, Dr. Lee ya haɗu tare da abokin aikin AAFC Dokta Benoît Bizimungu da masana kimiyya a Jami'ar Sarauniya don gudanar da bincike wanda daga baya aka ba da lambar yabo ta American Journal of Potato Research.
A cikin littafinsu"Tasirin farkon balaga kan juriya ga damuwa mai zafi a cikin nau'ikan dankali hamsinAn jaddada cewa nau'in dankalin turawa da aka sani da farkon girma a cikin gonaki suna girma daidai da na baya lokacin da suke fama da matsananciyar zafi a cikin greenhouses, watau. zafi a zahiri ya rage musu tsarin balaga.
Binciken da Dr. Lee da abokan aikinsa suka yi ya nemi gano takamaiman kwayoyin halittar dankalin turawa da za su taimaka wajen bayyana dalilin da ya sa hakan ke faruwa da kuma hanyoyin da ke tabbatar da ko nau'in dankalin turawa zai girma da wuri ko kuma a makare.
Damuwar zafi yana sa dankalin turawa ya mayar da martani ta hanyar canza lokacin da yake ɗauka don yin girma, kuma yanayin zafi yana rage saurin girma.
Bayan wannan binciken da ya sami lambar yabo, Dr. Lee ya ƙaddamar da jagorantar wani sabon aikin bincike don ƙarin koyo da zurfafa zurfafa cikin hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na martanin dankalin turawa ga matsalolin zafi. A cikin 2020, ya gano kwayoyin halittar da ke daidaita yaduwar zafin rana.
Dankalin da ake nomawa a lokacin zafi, busasshiyar bazara sau da yawa yana da lahani da ake kira "pre-girbi seedlings" ko "tsawon zafi" wanda zai iya canza sinadarai na tubers kuma ya rage girman inganci da kasuwa na dankalin turawa.
A cikin wannan binciken, an yi amfani da cultivars 18 daban-daban don gano ko yanayin damuwa na zafi kadai shine dalilin matsalar tsiro. Aikin ya tabbatar da cewa zafi shine mai laifi, kuma cewa yanayin yanayin yanayi ko jinkirin nau'in da ake tambaya ba shi da alaƙa da ko ya tsiro a cikin damuwa.
Don cimma wannan matsaya, masu binciken da ke aiki tare da Dr. Li sun yi nazari a kan yadda ake rubuta ra'ayoyin dankalin da ke damun zafi. Binciken kwafi ya ƙunshi nazarin kwayoyin halitta, hanyoyin sadarwa na mu'amalar halitta, da sifofin mRNA na tantanin halitta don ganin yadda suke aikatawa yayin da suke fuskantar abubuwan muhalli ko cututtuka, suna ba da zurfin duban ɗabi'a da aikin tantanin halitta.
Binciken ya gano cewa kwayoyin halittar da ke da alaka da barci suna raguwa a cikin dankalin da ke damun zafi, kamar yadda suke cikin dankalin bayan girbi bayan girbi mai fama da zafi, wanda ke nuna cewa metabolism na hormone na shuka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tsiro. Wannan bayanin zai tabbatar da amfani idan aka zo batun inganta nau'in dankalin turawa ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta don juriyar germination a karkashin yanayin zafi mai yawa.
Xiu-Qing Li ya ce, "Abin da muka samu zai taimaka wa manoma da masu sarrafa su su yanke shawara mai kyau game da yadda za a adana da sarrafa dankalin da ke damun zafi." "Wannan ƙalubale ne da masana'antun ke fuskanta a duk faɗin duniya, kuma yana da kyau a iya ba da gudummawa ga fahimtarmu game da batun da kuma ba da shawarwari masu tushe." Binciken ya ba da mahimman bayanai game da zaɓin nau'in dankalin turawa don shuka, yadda za a tsara mafi kyau don adanawa da amfani da dankalin da ke fama da zafi, da kuma ilimin da zai taimaka wajen bunkasa nau'in nau'in dankalin turawa a nan gaba.
Yayin da sauyin yanayi ke barazanar kawo ma zafi da rashin kwanciyar hankali, Dr. Lee ya ba da shawarar a kara tantance nau'o'in lokacin zafi mai zafi da kuma kara samar da ingantattun dabarun rage hadarin zafi.
Wannan bincike wata muhimmiyar gudummawa ce ta rage haɗarin noman dankalin turawa a Kanada da ma duniya baki ɗaya.