Leeks na ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan albasa mafi mahimmanci, ana bambanta su da ɗanɗano mai laushi, babban abun ciki na bitamin da ma'adanai, da juriya na sanyi. Wannan al'ada ta yadu a Yammacin Turai, amma a cikin Rasha har yanzu tana da wani wuri mara mahimmanci a cikin adadin kayan lambu da yawa, kodayake shahararsa ya karu sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Na dogon lokaci, leek ya zo shagunan Rasha musamman daga ƙasashen waje. An lura da shigo da kololuwa (yafi daga Netherlands) a cikin 2013, lokacin da aka isar da tan dubu 6,8 zuwa ƙasar. Bayan gabatar da takunkumin cin abinci na Rasha a cikin 2014, an dakatar da shigo da kayan lambu daga Turai, an gudanar da kayayyaki ne kawai daga Jamhuriyar Belarus. A karshen shekarar 2020, shigo da leken ya kai kusan tan dubu biyu kacal. Don haka, a cikin shekaru bakwai da suka gabata, yawan shigo da wannan amfanin gona ya ragu da fiye da sau uku.
Duk da haka, a yau, lokacin da bukatar abinci mai lafiya ke karuwa da sauri, amfani da leeks yana da kowane damar dawowa zuwa matakin 2013, kuma gonakin Rasha har yanzu suna da damar da za su mamaye wani yanki mara kyau a kasuwa.
Siffofin girma
Ana iya samar da leeks duk shekara. Ana ba da shawarar iri daban-daban da hanyoyin noma don kowane lokacin girma.
Ilasa
Mafi kyawun ƙasa don leek shine yumbu mai yashi da yumbu mai haske, tare da abun ciki na humus na 5-8%.
Ƙasar pH ya kamata ya kasance sama da 5,8, kuma a cikin ƙasa mai yumbu, mafi ƙarancin 6,8.
Don samar da samfurori masu lafiya, dole ne a lura da jujjuyawar amfanin gona mai fage huɗu.
An fi son masu gaba tare da ingantaccen haɓaka, tsarin tushen ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
Tsaba da seedlings
Ana iya girma Leeks duka ta hanyar shuka kai tsaye da seedlings.
Mafi kyawun tsarin dasa shuki: jere biyu, nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere - 10-15 cm, nisa tsakanin layuka - 20-25 cm. Yawan shuka: 100-000 tsire-tsire a kowace ha.
Ana aiwatar da dasa shuki ta hanyar amfani da injin shuka ko digger multilink. Ƙarshen yana yin ramuka madaidaiciya madaidaiciya 16-18 cm wanda aka sanya seedlings.
Don samun tsayin fari mai tsayi, ana iya aiwatar da dasa shuki a cikin ciyayi mara zurfi, kuma daga baya ana iya yin hawan tudu.
Kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, ana buƙatar yanke ganyen tsire-tsire kaɗan, wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga saurin karɓuwa na ƙananan leek zuwa sabon wuri, mafi kyawun tushen tushe da ci gaban tushe. Kowane yankakken ganye dole ne ya kasance tare da maganin fungicidal don hana cututtuka.
Kusan duk tsire-tsire bayan dasa shuki suna ƙarƙashin ƙasan ƙasa. Lokacin dasa tsire-tsire ta hanyar injiniya, ramukan suna buɗewa. Ana aiwatar da ban ruwa na sprinkler nan da nan bayan dasa shuki. Watering na ba da gudummawa ga daidaitawar ramuka da tushe mai ƙarfi na seedlings. Ta hanyar dasa shuki ta wannan hanya, za ku iya cimma tsayi mai tsayi mai bleached.
care
Kulawa na tsari ya haɗa da daidaitattun ayyuka: shayarwa, jiyya da cututtuka da kwari, hadi da tudu.
Tsawon mako-mako yana ba da damar samun samfura masu kauri da tsayi mai tushe. Ana yin Hilling mafi kyau bayan shayarwa, da maraice.
Ana girbi leken da hannu ko injina. Mafi kyawun lokacin girbi don iri ɗaya shine makonni 2 zuwa 3, to, samfurin ya rasa inganci.
A lokacin girbi, wukar mai girbi yana yanke tushen mafi ƙasƙanci na tsire-tsire, ana tono albasa a kai shi cikin harabar. Bayan haka, injin na musamman yana yanke tushen da manyan ganye.
Tsawon tsayin bleached ya dogara da buƙatun kasuwa (ma'auni na buƙatu: ɓangaren farin na kara dole ne ya kasance aƙalla 14 cm).
Hanyar zaɓin "Bejo"
Leeks suna ɗaya daga cikin mahimman amfanin gona na kamfanin Bejo. Ƙoƙarin masu shayarwa na kamfanin yana da nufin samun iri:
- Tare da kyawawan halaye na waje (waɗannan tsire-tsire ne tare da ganyen da aka shirya a tsaye, m, mai jurewa ga fatattaka, yanayin launin ganye mai duhu, juriya ga fure).
- Tare da ingantattun halaye na kasuwanci (ƙara tsayi da nisa na tushe mai kasuwa, babu kwan fitila, haske mai haske na ɓangaren farin tushe).
- Resistance kwari (thrips, albasa gardama, ma'adinai, aphids, gizo-gizo mites) da cututtuka (tsatsa, Alternaria, phytophthora, Fusarium, ruwan hoda tushen rot, kwayan cuta cututtuka).
Alkawari iri da kuma hybrids
Columbus. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 85 daga saukar da seedlings. Saurin girma, don samarwa da wuri. Ganyayyaki kore ne, mai tushe tare da wani yanki mai tsayi mai bleached. Ana amfani dashi don sabon ganewa da sarrafawa.
Lancelot. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 92 daga saukar da seedlings. Amintaccen iri-iri tare da ganyen kore mai launin toka. Bleached kara, tsari na ganye a tsaye. An ba da shawarar don amfani da sabo, sarrafawa da adanawa har zuwa watanni biyu.
daji Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 150 daga disembarkation na seedlings. Yiwuwar girbi a farkon bazara a cikin yankuna da yanayi mai laushi. An yarda da noma a cikin hunturu. Tushen yana da kauri kuma yana da tsayi. Ganyen suna da duhu kore tare da furen waxy mai ƙarfi. Don sarrafawa da ajiya na dogon lokaci.
Jumper F1. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 84 daga saukarwar seedlings. Don samarwa da wuri, girma a ƙarƙashin abin rufewa yana yiwuwa. Ganyen duhu kore ne. Tsawon tushe sosai. Dace da sake yin amfani da su. Sauƙi don tsaftacewa.
Sabbin hybrids da ake tsammani akan kasuwa
Farashin F1. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 95 daga saukar da seedlings. Yiwuwar girbi a farkon bazara a cikin yankuna da yanayi mai laushi. Babban juriya ga furanni. Sauƙaƙe tsaftacewa. Mai amfani sosai. Shafi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi don karewa daga thrips.
Farashin F1. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 110 daga disembarkation na seedlings. An ba da shawarar girma a lokacin rani da kaka, amma kuma a cikin hunturu. Tushen yana da kauri kuma yana da tsayi. Ganyen suna da duhu kore tare da furen waxy mai ƙarfi. Dace don adana dogon lokaci.
Farashin F1. Lokacin girma shine kwanaki 115 daga saukar da seedlings. Girma don slicing da sarrafawa. Bulgarian irin. Ya dace da samar da katako. Haɓakawa mai girma tare da babban jin daɗi. Ya bambanta a babban uniformity.
Ikon samar da sabbin kayan lambu ga kasuwa duk shekara a cikin yanayin zamani yana da muhimmiyar fa'ida ga fannin noma. Ɗaya daga cikin ainihin hanyoyin yin haka ita ce ta hanyar noman noman hunturu. Kuma wannan kuma shine dalili mai kyau don ba da kulawa ta musamman ga leek.
Kamfanin Bejo, tare da kamfanonin noma da dama da ke Kudancin Rasha, sun shafe shekaru biyu suna gudanar da wani gwaji kan noman leken a cikin hunturu.
Masana suna nazarin yadda za a zabi hybrids mafi dacewa, don ƙayyade kwanakin dasa shuki mafi kyau a cikin hunturu. Har yanzu ana samun ƙwarewar samarwa kawai, amma gaba ɗaya tsarin yana ci gaba cikin nasara. A koyaushe za mu yi farin cikin raba tare da ku asirin samarwa mai ban sha'awa.
Ari game da samfuran Bejo:
Bejo Rasha
Yankin Moscow
Lambar waya: +7 495 392 77 77
email: info@bejo.ru
Yankin Rostov
Lambar waya: +7 863 200 03 33
email: rostov@bejo.ru