Kiwo, kamar kowane ilimin kimiyya, aiki ne na dogon lokaci wanda mai bincike ke amfani da shi tsawon rayuwarsa. Masanin kimiyyar Rasha kuma Soviet, mai shayarwa Nikolai Vavilov ya kira zaɓi "juyin halitta, da yardar mutum." Kuma sakamakon wannan aikin ya sami wasu nau'ikan tsiro da dabbobi.
Anna Rybalko, shugabar lambar yabo ta jihar, masanin kimiyar Altai da mai shayarwa, ta fadawa wakilin AIF-Altai game da wahalar mai shayarwa, game da tashin da faduwar tashar gwajin kayan lambu, game da binciken ta.
"Dole ne, domin zan iya!"
Anna Rybalko: A cikin raina na ga wasu mutane waɗanda koyaushe suna nufin ni akan wani abu.
Elena Chekhova, AIF-Altai: Wataƙila, kuna la’akari da irin waɗannan mutane malamanku?
- Tabbas. Kuma daga cikinsu - malamin farko na, Vorobyova Vera Vasilievna. Ta ce: "Anya, ga shi zan sanya shi biyar, amma ba zan ci amanar ku ba saboda hakan, saboda kuna iya mafi kyau." Ta cutar da ni sosai, yadda na tabbatar wa kaina da sauran mutane: Dole ne in, domin zan iya! Vera Vasilievna ya kasance malami mai ban mamaki da mutum mai ban mamaki. Kuma wani abin mamakin ya faru bayan rasuwarta. Lokacin da aka binne Vera Vasilyevna, a lokaci guda an kawo ƙaramin kabari zuwa makabartar. A bayyane yake, wannan haramun ne: ba iyaye ko dangi ba. A makabarta suka tambaya ko za a saka gawarsa a cikin kabarin Vera Vasilievna. Ba a amsa bukatar ba. Don haka, a fili, ta ci gaba da aikinta a can.
- Anna Anatolyevna, ta yaya kuka shiga kimiyya?
- Bayan makaranta, Na shiga cikin makarantar koyar da dabarun koyarwa a ɓoye. Kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar majagaba. Sannan malami a makarantar kwana ga yaran da ke fama da matsalar tunani. Ban san yadda zuciyar da kuke buƙatar samun aiki a wurin ba. Mine ba zai iya tsayar da masaniyar ba. Na je masana'anta. Ta yi aiki a wurin tsawon shekara biyar, ta yi aure, ta haifi tagwaye - ɗa da yarinya. Yara sukan yi rashin lafiya sau da yawa. Babu wanda zai zauna tare da su. Dole ne in nemi aiki kusa da gidan. Kuma a sa'an nan suka ce cewa ana bukatar mataimakin dakin gwaji a tashar gwaji. Ina aiki anan, Na shiga Cibiyar Noma ta Altai. Sannan akwai makarantar digiri na biyu a Moscow, a Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Kimiyya ta All-Union da Zabi da kuma Tsirrai na Kayan lambu. A matsayinta na mai bincike, ta yi maganin matsalar garkuwar shuka. A shekarar 1988 ta kare karatunta. Ba da daɗewa ba an miƙa ni in shiga aikin kiwo. Fiye da shekaru 35 na aiki a tashar gwaji, na yi nasarar fito da nau'ikan kayan lambu 25 iri iri. Shayarwa kawai ba aikin mutum ɗaya bane, amma ƙungiyar, saboda haka duk aikin haɗin gwiwar ne.
- Gabaɗaya, nau'in kayan lambu da yawa na ma'aikatan tashar sun buge su?
- Yayin da tashar ke kasancewa, kuma aka kirkireshi a shekarar 1932, ma’aikatan kimiya sun kirkiro nau'ikan sama da 200. Tasharmu, nau'ikanmu sun kasance sanannu a cikin Siberia, da ko'ina cikin Soviet Union, da Mongolia, da Bulgaria, da Czechoslovakia ...
Matsalarmu da ƙasarmu ita ce, "watsi da tsohuwar duniyar," muna kuma zubar da duk alherin da ke wurin, sannan kuma mu fara sake ginawa.
Digiri na biyu ta hanyar kiran kira
- Shin ya kasance abin kunya ga kanka da aikinku?
- Na tuna ranar farko bayan abin da ake kira garambawul na Pavlovian (garambawul din kudin shekara ta 1991 wanda Firayim Minista na USSR Valentin Pavlov - kusan. Ed.). Ni da ma'aikatana mun tafi Babban kantin sayar da kayayyaki. Ina so in saya hula. Na duba: jiya farashinta ya kasance 7 rubles, kuma a yau - 25 rubles. Na kawo shi. Lokacin da na dawo gida, na lissafa albashi da kashe kudi, kuma na sami matsala: Na yi karatu na tsawon shekaru 40, na yi aiki, na sami wani abu a cikin rayuwata, amma ya zama ba zan iya ciyar da kaina da iyalina ba! ... Babban abin bakin ciki shi ne cewa wannan halin shine ilimin kimiyya Har yanzu ma'aikatan a tashar. Likitan ilimin kimiyya ya karɓi mafi yawan 18 dubu rubles. Haka kuma, dole ne ya saƙa, tono, ruwa, ya tattara 'ya'yan itacen ... Amma mutane suna ci gaba. Ta yaya? A kan himma. Af, labarin yana game da sha'awar masana kimiyyarmu. Ko ta yaya, masu shayarwa daga Faransa sun zo tasharmu. Yawon shakatawa na Nina A. Prokofieva, wanda a lokacin shi ne mataimakin darektan kimiyya. Mun gabatar da wani zaɓi na musamman don greenhouses - akwai kankana, kankana, tumatur, barkono, da cucumbers. Baƙi sun nuna sha'awar: “Yaya kuka sami nasarar cimma wannan sakamakon?” Nina Alexandrovna ta ce: "Muna da ƙungiyar masu goyon baya." Faransanci: "Menene?" Saboda rikicewa, ta faɗi da gaske: "Gaskiya, wannan shi ne lokacin da suke aiki tuƙuru da ƙarancin kuɗi." Bafaransani ya yaba da yarda: "shugabanninku da yanayinmu."
Menene aikin zaɓi? Wannan aikin jiki ne mai ƙarewa - a cikin makirci, cikin ajiya. Baya ga aiki a ƙasa, kuna buƙatar juya kwalaye da jaka, kuɗa su, ku raba 'ya'yan itacen da suke cikinsu. Sau ɗaya, bayan girbi kabeji, wanda yake da wadataccen mai, kilogiram 15 kowane, Na ji mummunan tare da zuciyata. Na zo wurin likita. Ta ga cewa katin ya ce ni mai taimakawa dakin gwaje-gwaje ne kuma na ba da shawarar: "Kuna buƙatar yin ƙarin aiki na jiki da wasanni." Maganar tayi aiki: mai binciken cikin farin rigar ba ya daga komai sama da abinda ya fi alkalami alkalami.
Game da "cin mutuncin" ... cin mutunci! Domin ko da a lokacin yakin an kubutar da tashar. Kuma bayan yakin, kawai ya yi toho - komai yana gaban idona. Na tuna: da farko akwai dugouts, shinge. Tun a tsakiyar 60-ies suka fara gina ɗakunan gidaje masu ɗorewa masu yawa ga ma'aikatan tashar. Sun gina gidan taimako na farko, wanda ya kasance ainihin rarraba jiki: an dauki wuraren wanka, an karɓi aikin tiyata, da kuma hanyoyin da likita ya tsara. Gina kindergarten. Mu ma da maɓuɓɓuga! Kuma ta yaya ne batutuwan kimiyya suka karu. Abokan aiki daga ko'ina cikin cameungiyar sun zo don sanin ƙwarewarmu. Muna da kawai shafin yanar gizon da ake kira al'adun da ba a san su ba. Tana da nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire sama da 200. Kuma tun 1942, an gudanar da wani ƙwarewa na musamman a cikin nazarin takin ƙasa wanda ke tashar. Asalinta shine cewa a ƙarƙashin albarkatu na kayan lambu daban-daban ana amfani da takin ma'adinan ma'adinai daban daban, haka kuma zaɓi yayin da ba'a amfani da takin zamani kwata-kwata. Kuma an kwatanta shi: yadda takin ƙasa, sinadarin humus, canjin ƙasa yake. Wannan bayanai ne masu mahimmanci. Kuma yayin da wannan ƙwarewar take rayuwa har yanzu, ma'aikaci yana ci gaba da aiki a kai. Amma tuni ya kasance mai karbar fansho.
Caarin carotene!
- Wataƙila takunkumi zai taimaka? Yakamata su ma su zama masu tarnaki ga ci gaban samarwa, fasahar cikin gida, da sauransu.
- Saboda gaskiyar cewa an lalata samarwar iri, yanzu yawancin kyawawan iri suna da wahalar haifarwa. Yayinda ma'aikatan tashar suna ƙoƙari tare da ƙwarin gwiwa don samar da tsaba. Bari kar a cikin irin waɗannan adadi na farko - har zuwa nau'ikan 180. Amma a shekarar da ta gabata, alal misali, sun samar da tsirrai na Altai Krasa radish, kuma a wannan shekarar sun samar da fararen hular Zephyr, kyawawan nau'ikan karas Dayan da Sonata. Tabbas, masu lambu suna tambayar wannan. Sun riga sun “goge” a kan tsaba da aka shigo da su, wanda ake samarwa a cikin Kyrgyzstan da Caucasus. Yana faruwa cewa wani mai shuka ya shuka karas, ba zato ba tsammani fararen yan farauta suna bayyana a cikin albarkatun gonar orange. Daga ina? Kuma wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa lokacin da ruwa ya fito daga tsaunuka inda karas na daji ke tsiro, kuma tsaba sun faɗi akan filayen da aka horar, su yi tsiro, kuma tunda ba wanda ya bambanta su, ingancin ya ɓace sakamakon haka.
- Me yasa kuka karɓi kyautar jihar?
- Ga halittar irin karas tare da babban abun ciki na carotene. Idan a cikin Shantane iri ɗaya - wannan nau'in tsufa ne, wanda aka sani tun 1942 - akwai carotene 6 mg kawai, to mun sami damar haɓaka wannan adadi zuwa 10 MG%. Kuma a cikin nau'ikan da muka ƙirƙira - Dayana, Sonata, abubuwan da ke cikin carotene sun kasance daga 18 zuwa 22 MG%.
- Shin tasharmu na iya samar da iri ga yankin?
- Idan kun kirkiro tushe, to hakane. Har yanzu akwai kwararru. Amma ... Anan ne kwararrun a cikin barkono - Natalya Yuryevna Antipova, ta riga ta kasance mai son fansho. Dock a kan kabewa, cucumbers, zucchini Vasily G. Vysochin, Likita na Kimiyya, yana ɗan shekara 75. Andreeva Nadezhda Nikolaevna - mai shayar da tumatir. Tana da shekara 65 ...
- Dukda cewa kunyi ritaya, kun dage sosai kan aikin jama'a, kasancewar shugabar majalissar dattawan tsoffin ƙauyen ku. Me ya ba ku sha'awa a cikin wannan filin?
- A cikin 2011, ma'aikatan gida guda 130 da mayaƙan yaƙi 11 sun zauna a ƙauyenmu. Kawo yanzu babu mai shiga guda ɗaya a yaƙin, kuma kusan mutane 70 na ma’aikatan da suka ragu ne suka rage. Amma a lokacin akwai mutanen da aka sanya matsayin 'ya'yan yaƙi. A gare su, Ina so in shirya taya murna game da hutun - katin kati ko ƙaramin kyauta. Kuma yana ɗaukar kuɗi. Zan tafi, don Allah Ba da daɗewa ba za a sami wata ɗaya na tsofaffi. Dole ku ƙirƙira wani abu.
- Shin yana da wuyar zama tsofaffi a Rasha?
- Dukkanta ya dogara ne da yanayin tunanin mutum. Wani kuma a shekara 90 bai ji daɗin tsohon saurayi ba. Na tuna taya Anna Ivanovna Dubov taya murnar cika shekaru 95 da haihuwa. Ta ce: "Ni ba nauyi ba ne ga yaran, saboda na kasance abokai da wakar duk tsawon rayuwata." Kuma ta rera. Kuma ta buga ƙafarta. Abin baƙin ciki, Anna Ivanovna ba ta da rai.
Na dauki lokaci mai tsawo na tuna da shari’ar guda daya. Ya kasance a zamanin Yeltsin. Ina tsaye a tashar motar. A nan kusa, tsohuwar mata sukan ce: "Lafiya, lafiya - muna da gonar. Kuma yaya talakawa suke rayuwa a cikin birni? " Na tabbata: muddin akwai irin waɗannan tsoffin mata a Rasha, ƙasarmu ba za ta iya karyewa ba.
Dossier: Anna Rybalko - Dan takarar ilimin kimiyyar aikin gona. Laifin lambar yabo ta jiha, ya ba da lambar yabo ta Altai Territory a fagen ilimin kimiyya da fasaha. Marubucin fiye da 100 wallafe-wallafen kimiyya.
source: https://www.nsss-russia.ru/