Phytophthora cuta ce mai haɗari na dankali. Halin yanayi mai wahala na agro-climatic na 2021 ya kara tsananta wannan matsala a Rasha. Canjin yanayi ya shafi ilimin halittu na ƙwayoyin cuta a duniya. A yau za mu fara cikakken tattaunawa game da wannan cuta. Bari mu fara da batun mafi mahimmanci - matakan sarrafawa na zamani. A cikin wasu articles, za mu yi la'akari da asali, rayuwa sake zagayowar na pathogen, da genetics na shuka juriya da resistant iri.
Tun da dankalin turawa marigayi blight shine mafi haɗari, akwai matakan da suka dace don magance cutar: yin amfani da nau'in resistant iri da hybrids, kula da kayan dasa shuki tare da fungicides, daidaitaccen juyawa amfanin gona, amfani da takin ma'adinai a cikin allurai masu dacewa. , Jiyya na rigakafin lokaci-lokaci na tsire-tsire tare da fungicides, da zaɓin kayan shuka lafiya.
A cikin Rasha, kwanan nan sun fara ba da hankali sosai ga hanyoyin da ba na al'ada ba don yaƙar cutar da marigayi. Don haka, A.V. Filippov (All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology) ya ba da shawarar dasa shuki kafin shuka tubers tare da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, wanda ya jawo sha'awar masu bincike a ƙasashe daban-daban; O.L. Ozeretskovskaya (AN Bach Institute of Biochemistry) da abokan aiki sun ɓullo da hanyoyin yin amfani da sunadarai da kwayoyin immunomodulators - elicitors cewa kara rigakafi Properties na shuka; VG Dzhavakhia (Cibiyar Nazarin Halittar Halitta) ta keɓe wani sunadari daga ƙwayoyin cuta na Pseudomonas waɗanda ke hana ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta da fungal na dankalin turawa, gami da phytophthora. Tare da Cibiyar Bioengineering na Rasha Academy of Sciences da sauran cibiyoyi, sun ƙirƙiri wani tsarin halitta da kuma gabatar da shi a cikin dankali. Wadannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna haɓaka juriya na cututtuka. Ana iya amfani da su a cikin tsarin kiwo.
Don haka, ra'ayi na zamani na kariyar kariyar dankalin turawa yana mai da hankali kan amfani da hanyoyin da ba na sinadarai ba (kungiyoyi, tattalin arziki, agrotechnical da nazarin halittu) da iyakancewar kariyar sinadarai.
Jerin hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su:
- Filippov A.V. Dankali marigayi blight / A.V. Filippov // Kari ga mujallar Kariyar Shuka da Keɓe. - 2012. - Na 5. - S. 61-88.
- Dyakov T. Yu. Late blight - matsalolin duniya da na Rasha duka [Electronic albarkatun] - Yanayin shiga: vivovoco.ibmh.msk.su/VV/JOURNAL/NATURE/01_02/PHYTO.HTM.