Yawan amfanin gona na noma yana fuskantar mummunan yanayi. Maimakon yin amfani da makamashi don haɓaka, abubuwa kamar cututtuka, matsanancin zafi da ƙasa mai gishiri suna tilasta tsire-tsire suyi amfani da shi don amsa damuwa da ke haifar. Ana kiran wannan sabon abu "cinikin ciniki tsakanin amsawar girma da damuwa."
Tawagar masu bincike daga jami'ar Nagoya sun gano wata hanyar da ba a san su ba a baya don daidaita ko shuka tana amfani da albarkatunta don girma ko kuma magance damuwa. Phys.org portal. Wannan binciken zai iya ba da izini don sarrafa martanin damuwa a cikin yanayin aikin gona, ƙara yawan amfanin su. Masanan sun wallafa sakamakonsu a cikin mujallar Science.
Tawagar binciken, karkashin jagorancin Farfesa Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi da Mataimakin Farfesa Mari Ohnishi daga Makarantar Graduate School of Life Sciences a Jami'ar Nagoya a Japan, sun yi nazari kan rawar da kwayoyin halitta da masu karɓar su suke da shi wajen amsawar tsire-tsire ga damuwa.
Sun mayar da hankali kan masu karɓa guda uku waɗanda har yanzu ba a gano madaidaicin hormone ba. Yin amfani da Arabidopsis thaliana, ƙaramin tsire-tsire na furanni, sun gano dangin PSY waɗanda ke aiki azaman hormone, ɗaure ga waɗannan masu karɓa da canza yanayin damuwa ga girma da akasin haka.
Yawanci, masu karɓa da hormones suna aiki a matsayin makullai da maɓalli, tare da hormone (a cikin wannan yanayin, peptide PSY) yana aiki a matsayin mabuɗin da ake buƙata don fara tsarin ilimin halitta. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan binciken, ƙwayoyin shuka waɗanda ba su samar da PSY ba duk da haka suna da amsawar damuwa. Saboda haka, wannan yana nuna cewa maimakon kunna amsawar damuwa, kasancewar maɓalli na PSY a cikin "kulle" mai karɓa yana kiyaye shi.
Don gwada yanayin amsa damuwa, masu binciken sun girma tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin matsanancin yanayi ta hanyar amfani da zafi, gishiri, kuma sun kamu da su da kwayoyin cuta. Tsire-tsire waɗanda ko dai sun gaza a cikin masu karɓar PSY ko kuma koyaushe suna karɓar hormone na PSY sun kasa amsa da kyau ga damuwa, yana haifar da raguwar rayuwa. Masanan kimiyya sun kammala cewa tsire-tsire masu damuwa sun daina samar da PSY, rashin wanda ke haifar da amsa damuwa.
Don bayyana wannan al'amari, masu binciken sun ba da shawarar wata hanyar da ƙwayoyin da suka lalace suka rage yawan ƙwayoyin PSY a cikin sassan sel da ke kusa da wuraren da suka lalace. Wannan rashin PSY yana haifar da amsa damuwa. Mahimmanci, wannan na iya bayyana dalilin da yasa ko da tsire-tsire masu lalacewa zasu iya aika saƙonni.
Maimakon yin amfani da ƙayyadaddun albarkatunsa don ƙirƙirar sabon sigina, ƙwayar shuka mai lalacewa zai iya dakatar da sakin hormone na PSY, yana kunna amsawar damuwa. Irin wannan tsarin zai sa ya yiwu a daidaita juriya na danniya tare da haɗin gwiwar makamashi. A sakamakon haka, ko da a ƙarƙashin yanayin muhalli mafi damuwa, tsire-tsire na iya girma ta hanyar sarrafa ƙarancin albarkatun su.
Yawancin hanyoyin da aka samo a cikin Arabidopsis ana samun su a wasu tsire-tsire kuma. Saboda haka, waɗannan sakamakon sun dace da duk al'adu.