Ba shi yiwuwa a yi hasashen yadda 2018 za ta kasance ga masu shuka dankalin turawa. Amma bazara ta fara kyau a sassa daban-daban na kasarmu. Bari mu sa ido ga rani mai nasara daidai gwargwado!
Igor Kartuzov, Dankali LLC, yankin Sverdlovsk.
100 ha a karkashin dankali
“Muna maraba da sabon kakar wasa tare da kyakkyawan hali. A wannan shekara, mafi kyawun yanayi don dasa dankali sun haɓaka a cikin yankin Sverdlovsk: bushe, ba zafi, ba sanyi. A halin yanzu ana gudanar da aikin cikin hanzari, muna cikin filayen na tsawon sa'o'i 12-14 kuma muna fatan cewa daga ranar 25 ga Mayu (daga wannan kwanan wata masu hasashen yanayi sun yi alkawarin yanayin damina a yankin) za a yi duk abin da ya dace, duk "Za a tsabtace wutsiyoyi".
Babban canje-canje a cikin gonar mu a cikin 2018 sun shafi manufofin iri-iri: mun canza zuwa zaɓi na gida, yanzu 40% na yawan adadin nau'ikan da aka noma shine nasarorin kimiyyar Rasha (da farko Ural). Gonar mu tana nuna sha'awar nau'ikan Ural shekaru da yawa yanzu; kusancin Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Ural ta jawo hankalinmu, ingancin kayan iri, da farashin waɗannan samfuran. Gonarmu ta riga ta sami gogewa wajen haɓaka nau'ikan NIISH da yawa (kamar Irbitsky, Gornyak, Bravo, da sauransu), muna da fahimtar wanene daga cikinsu ya dace da wankewa da tsaftacewa, waɗanda aka adana tsawon lokaci. Dankali na zaɓi na gida yana buƙatar a cikin shagunanmu, kuma muna ba da su ba kawai a cikin yankinmu ba, har ma fiye da iyakokinsa.
Ina tsammanin cewa kakar wasa ta gaba, idan duk abin da ke da kyau, za mu ware wasu yankuna zuwa nau'in Ural kuma za mu yi girma cikin gida da na waje (Jamus, Holland) dankali a daidai rabbai.
Lokaci ya yi da wuri don yin shirye-shiryen girbi na wannan kakar, da yawa zai dogara da yadda lokacin rani zai kasance. Amma muna sa ran cewa matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin filayenmu zai kasance a cikin kewayon 25-30 t / ha (lambobin ba su da yawa, tun da mun fi tsunduma cikin samar da dankali da dankalin tebur na farkon iri).
Vladimir Volkov, darektan Shatki Agricultural Enterprise LLC, Nizhny Novgorod yankin.
50 ha a karkashin dankali
- Lokacin bazara a yankinmu ya faranta mana da yanayi mai kyau; ba za mu iya yin gunaguni game da yanayin zafin iska ko yawan hazo ba - an dasa dankali a cikin yanayi mai kyau kuma a lokacin mafi kyau. An kammala aikin shuka a tsakiyar watan Mayu. Abu daya da ya kara kuda a cikin man shafawa ga yanayin gaba daya shi ne hauhawar farashin mai da man shafawa.
A wannan shekara mun haɓaka yankin da ke ƙarƙashin dankali da hectare 20, muna son ƙara yawan adadin kayan da ake samarwa. Mun zaɓi nau'ikan da aka tabbatar don noma: Skarb, Labella, Gala, Agata. Don haka, za mu karɓi samfurori tare da lokuta daban-daban na ripening kuma za mu iya ba abokan ciniki samfurin ga kowane dandano: fari, rawaya da ja dankali.
Evgeny Yakovlev, wakilin IP Yakovlev D.E., yankin Kostroma.
38 ha a karkashin dankali
- Muna kammala saukowa (kamar yadda na Mayu 23, ed.), A ganina, a cikin yanayin yanayi mai kyau. Muna fatan duk kakar za ta yi kyau.
A bara mun sami girbi mai kyau (ko da yake dole ne mu yi aiki tuƙuru don wannan, an ninka yawan aikace-aikacen kayan kariya na shuka) kuma an sayar da su cikin riba. A wannan yanayin, a kan tushen nasara, an ƙara ɗan ƙaramin yanki. Muna sabunta zaɓin nau'ikan mu kowace shekara; muna girma duka na waje da na gida. A wannan shekara mun ƙara nau'in Vektar Belorussky zuwa layin. Masana sun ce yana nuna sakamako mai kyau a ƙasan yumbu, kuma gonarmu tana da irin waɗannan wuraren.
Alexander Shatalov, darektan Melensky Dankali LLC, Bryansk yankin.
1450 ha a karkashin dankali
- Gonar da aka kammala dasa a ranar 16 ga Mayu, wanda ya dan jima fiye da yadda aka saba. A wannan shekara akwai dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a yankinmu kuma, saboda lokacin sanyi, babban zafi ya kasance na dogon lokaci. Idan aka kwatanta da bara, yankin da ke karkashin dankali ya karu da kadada 150.
Muna zaɓar nau'ikan masu girma da yawa don noma waɗanda ke ba da tabbataccen sakamako kuma ana buƙata akan kasuwa. A al'ada don gonar mu waɗannan sune Red Scarlett, Impala, Vineta. Hakanan a wannan shekara muna gabatar da sabon nau'in, Leoni.
Ban shirya yin zato game da girbi ba tukuna, amma ina tsammanin sakamakon bai kamata ya zama mafi muni fiye da bara ba.
Alexey Semenov, shugaban Agrokhmel LLC, Jamhuriyar Chuvash
70 ha a karkashin dankali
- Shuka (kamar yadda na Mayu 24, - bayanin edita) har yanzu yana ci gaba, kuma ga yankinmu ba za a iya la'akari da wannan gaskiyar a matsayin cin zarafi na ƙarshen ƙarshen aikin gona ba. Muna rage yankin da ke ƙarƙashin dankali a cikin 2018; an kiyaye wannan yanayin a gonar mu shekaru da yawa a jere (a cikin 2011 akwai hectare 200 a ƙarƙashin dankali). Dalili: rashin kwanciyar hankali farashin samfur. Dangane da yanayin kasuwa, za mu iya sayar da dankali don 10 ko 15 rubles / kg, kuma wani lokacin dole ne mu biya 5 rubles / kg. Yana da matukar wuya a hango ko hasashen nawa kuke buƙatar girma a wannan kakar don kada ku ƙare a cikin hasara a cikin fall. Don bunkasa masana'antu, a ganina, ya zama dole a gabatar da tsarin gwamnati.
Wata matsalar kuma ita ce rashin mutane a yankunan karkara. Ba za mu iya biyan manyan albashi ba, kuma a zahiri akwai ƙarancin ma'aikata.
Muna girma daban-daban irin dankali: Ramona, Red Scarlett, Gala, Udacha, Nevsky, Zhukovsky ran., Rocco. Har ila yau, muna tsunduma cikin samar da dankali iri, muna girma minitubers, kuma a cikin fall za mu sami super-super elite.
Valery Berezovsky, shugaban gonar manoma "Egorsha", yankin Tula.
40 ha a karkashin dankali
- A kakar fara da kyau, da saukowa ya faru a karkashin m yanayi. An ware wasu yankuna a gonar don dankali; a kowace shekara muna dasa kimanin hectare 30-40. Gidan gona ya ƙware wajen haɓaka dankalin iri mai girma, wannan tsari ne mai wahala da wahala, don haka ba ma shirin ƙara girma.
Muna aiki tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan iri-na gida da na waje. Muna sayar da kayan iri na nau'in gida ga abokan ciniki. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana siyan waɗannan tsaba daga mutanen da ke sha'awar samar da samfuran da ke da alaƙa da muhalli ( gonakin mutum ɗaya, "mazaunan bazara"). Dankali na zaɓi na Rasha za a iya girma a aikace ba tare da amfani da sinadarai ba. Muna ba da kayan iri na nau'ikan ƙasashen waje zuwa kamfanoni a cikin masana'antu.
Daga cikin matsalolin 2018, wanda tabbas zai shafi sakamakon kaka, zan iya ambaton mawuyacin ƙarshen kakar wasa ta ƙarshe. Tun lokacin da aka fara isar da sabbin dankalin noma da aka shigo da su zuwa kasar Rasha, farashin dankalin gida a kasarmu ya ragu matuka. Yawancin gonakin da ba su da lokacin sayar da girbin su kafin bazara sun fuskanci asara, wasu kuma an tilasta musu yin amfani da sauran juzu'i don shuka, inda aka kara hekta 100-200 a yankin da aka tsara. Tare da wadannan kamfanoni, gonakin iri suma sun sha wahala, saboda bukatar kayayyakinsu ya ragu matuka.