Matsalar da masu aikin jijiya ke fuskanta saboda matsalar rashin daidaituwa suna da alaƙa ba kawai tare da dalilai na haƙiƙa ba, har ma da kurakuran gudanarwa.
Shigowa yana ɗaukar sarari da yawa a cikin farashin kayayyakin amfanin gona.
Rashin lalacewar ruble, ƙuntatawa keɓewa saboda coronavirus da bala'i na dabi'a ya shafi sashin aikin gona na Rasha. Ya rigaya ya bayyana cewa shekarar 2020 zata kasance da matukar wahala ga ma’aikatan gona.
Kamar yadda faduwar ruble ta shafa
A cewar Oleg Komolov, dan takarar kimiyyar tattalin arziki, malami farfesa na Jami'ar Kudi a karkashin Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha, kusan dukkanin bangarorin tattalin arzikin Rasha, gami da hadaddun masana'antu, za su sha wahala daga rikicin na yanzu.
“Akwai wani yanayi mara dadi yayin da abubuwa biyu suka hadu a lokaci guda: bukatar ta fadi sannan farashin ya hau. A lokaci guda, tururuwa da hauhawar farashin kaya suna faruwa. Yawancin lokaci abu daya ne ke faruwa, amma idan abubuwa biyu suka hadu, shawo kan faruwa: mafi kyawun yanayin tattalin arziki. Rashin raguwar bukatar noma tuni ya ji. Kodayake wannan masana'antar tana samar da samfurori tare da ƙarancin walƙiyar buƙata, mutane sun fara musun kansu har ma da kayan abinci waɗanda a yanzu suke ɗauka cewa sun wuce kima. A lokaci guda, farashin masu kera kayan gona yana haɓaka, saboda, duk da maganganun game da nasarar da ake samu na shigo da kayayyaki, ayyukanmu na noma sun dogara da kayan da aka shigo da su ciki har da injuna, takin zamani, kayan iri, da sauransu, ”in ji Komolov.
Igor Abakumov, dan takarar kimiyyar tattalin arziki, farfesa a farfesa a Kwalejin Aikin Noma ta Moscow wanda aka sanya wa suna bayan Timiryazev, ya tunatar da cewa masu samar da abinci da masu fitarwa a kasarmu mutane ne daban-daban. Kuma idan don na biyu, faɗuwar ruble da hauhawar farashin dala suna da kyau, don farkon, matsalolin suna farawa.
“Shigo da kaya yana daukar wuri mai yawa a cikin farashin kayayyakin amfanin gona. Waɗannan su ne, misali, kayayyakin gyara na taraktoci, tun daga mashinan ƙira zuwa ƙananan fayafai don injunan madara da sauran kayan da aka shigo dasu. Mun kuma sayi iri. Da zarar cibiyoyin kiwo mallakar jihar ne, amma tunda jihar ta daina basu tallafi, sai mu sayi iri a kasashen waje. A wuri guda muna siyen "jinsin halittu": dabbobi masu rai - iyayen da zasu haifa mana 'yan maruƙa, yara, raguna, aladu. Muna siyan qwai masu incubator don geese, kaji, agwagwa. Zamu iya cewa muna da girbi na "taron screwdriver". Muna tattara duk ƙarfin ilimin duniya, kuma gudummawarmu ta kasance aiki, kuɗi, ruwa da ƙasa. Duk shigo da kaya yanzu zai tashi cikin farashi, kuma wannan zai shafi farashin kayayyakin da aka samar. Farashi zai tashi: ba yawa ba, tabbas, amma a cikin kasafin kuɗi na dangi na Rasha, farashin abinci zai wuce 50%, "in ji Abakumov.
A halin yanzu, farashin ya girma ba kawai a shigo da kayayyaki ba, har ma a cikin mai. “Man fetir na Diesel ya wuce dubu 45 rubles a kowace tan, yanzu ya fi fiye da ruble dubu 46. Chemistry ya tashi cikin farashi. Abubuwan ƙarancin tsada suna da tsada. Abin da kuma zai zama farashin wannan shekara, ba mu sani ba tukuna. Amma komai na hauhawa kan farashi, farashi babba ne, ”in ji Ivan Brigert, shugaban kungiyar manoma na yankin Omsk.
Shugaban ofungiyar Farmsungiyar Kiwo (Farm) gonaki, Hadin kai da sauran ceananan masana'antun aikin gona na yankin Krasnodar Territory Viktor Sergeyev ya yi magana game da matsaloli iri ɗaya. "Domin aikin filin bazara, manoma sun tara man dizal a cikin Disamba. Sannan an sayar da man dizal a kan 45 rubles a kowace lita. Yanzu farashin a tashoshin gas yana ƙarƙashin 49 rubles. Masu ba da sabis za su, ba shakka, suna da ƙananan farashi. A yankinmu, manoma za su fara samo man don tsabtace aiki a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni. Yanayin tattalin arziki a kasar gaba daya yana da wahala, amma ina fata wannan shi ya sa ba za a bar hauhawar farashin mai a matatun mai ba, ”in ji Viktor Sergeyev.
Wanda ya buga coronavirus
Lalacewar aikin gona da kuma ƙarancin keɓewa saboda coronavirus. “A cikin yankuna na Kudancin Rasha, alal misali, a cikin yankin Krasnodar, an gabatar da tsauraran matakai na keɓewa, kuma yawancin masu samar da aikin gona sun sami matsaloli a harkar sufuri. Wadannan hane-hane sun haifar da wasu matsaloli ga manoma yayin kamfen. An tsara komai cikin rashin daidaituwa, kuma don samun izinin wucewa ga injunan aikin gona, ya zama dole a bata lokaci, kuma wannan ya kara farashin kayayyaki kuma yana haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, "inji Oleg Komolov.
“Saboda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, an karya lagon motsi daga filin zuwa farantin. Musamman ma an katse su tsakanin masu keɓaɓɓu da ƙananan kasuwanni, saboda ƙarshen rufe. Ba za ku iya kasuwanci a cikin abin rufe fuska ba tare da abin rufe fuska ba. Wasu sun fara canzawa zuwa kasuwancin kan layi lokacin da mai siye da mai siyarwa sun yarda da gaba game da ma'amala akan Intanet. Amma a kan wannan raƙumin ruwa mai yawa charlatans ko yan koyo saki da suka fitar da hack aiki domin mai yawa kudi, da sanin cewa za ka iya samun kudi a kai. A gefe guda, asarar waɗanda ba za su iya sayar da samfuran su ba wasu lokuta ana lissafin su. Wani ya riga ya rufe, yana shagon shagon tare da allon, kuma wani ya yi takaddar neman haraji don rufe kasuwancin. Wadansu mutane ba su da lokacin samun abin biyan bukata, saboda sun kashe kudadensu, kuma ba za su iya sayar da kayayyaki ba, ”inji Igor Abakumov.
“Keɓe kai tsaye ya aiwatar da yarjejeniyar tsakanin masu samar da kayan lambu da na masu siyarwa daga wasu yankuna. Amma mun inganta kasuwanninmu a cikin gonar Krasnodar, a halin yanzu muna tattaunawa da sarƙoƙi don sayar da albarkatun gona ta hanyar su, ”in ji mai gabatar da aikin gona Viktor Sergeyev.
Shin jihar za ta kare daga bala'i
Jarrabawa ta gaba ga ƙauyen na iya zama fari fari. Dangane da wannan, tambayar ta taso: shin jihar a shirye take ta tallafa wa masu noman rani?
“A cikin ƙasa ta Krasnodar, ana ƙarar karancin hatsi saboda sanyi a watan Maris. Har ila yau, ya shafa, musamman ma a cikin foothills, kayan amfanin gona. A wasu wurare, har zuwa kashi 70-80% sun mutu. Yanzu akwai fari, ba isasshen danshi, wannan yana haifar da sabon tsoro. Serungiyar filayen kiwo tana aiki kan batutuwa tare da bankuna don tsawaita lamuni na shekara guda, kare gonaki daga fatarar kuɗi da kuma adana ayyuka, "in ji Victor Sergeyev.
“A cikin yankin Omsk makon da ya gabata ya kasance zazzabi + 32 ... + 33 digiri. Kuna iya tunanin abin da wannan ke nufi a yanayinmu. Duk abin da aka ƙone, ƙasa ba ta da isasshen danshi, kuma mutane sun gaji a cikin tractors. Ba mu tsammanin wani taimako daga kowa ba. Amma bawai muna yiwa kanmu kaɗai bane. Bari mu zama 'yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu, amma a zahiri muna aiki don jihar, ciyar da kasar ... "- Ivan Brigert ya ce.
“Taimako daga jihar ya shafi fannoni daban-daban. Don samun sa cikin fari, dole ne a sami ɗimbin kashi na yankin da abin ya shafa. Kuma idan, alal misali, akwai ban ruwa a filaye guda biyu, amma a daya ne ba haka bane, sannan ya juya ya nuna cewa hoton gaba daya yana iya dacewa da gidan duka. Amma kudaden shiga ko ta yaya rage ta uku. Wannan yana nuna cewa za a ƙara biyan ma’aikata na uku ƙasa, ana biyan harajin ƙasa ƙasa. Don sasanta irin wannan yanayi, alaƙar da ke tsakanin kasuwancin masarautar da jihar a cikin mawuyacin hali, ya zama tilas a tattaro tsofaffi, jami'ai, masana kimiyya da tattauna matsalolin ta hanyar kasuwanci. Amma yayin tattaunawar ana faruwa ne kawai a shafukan jaridu, ”Igor Abakumov ya ce.
"Rasha tana jiran matakan sassauci, dogon rikici, jihar zata fito daga ciki ta iyakance manufofin zamantakewar al'umma, da kashe makudan kudade da kuma dagula rayuwar talakawa. Wannan yana nufin matsaloli ba kawai ga harkar noma ba, har ma ga dukkan bangarorin tattalin arzikin, ”in ji Oleg Komolov.
Sakamakon matsalolin "coronavirus", aikin gona a wannan shekara ya kasance akan canjin hankalin jama'a. Koyaya, karancin amfanin gona da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki har yanzu zasu tunatar da 'yan Russia game da wannan masana'anta.
Dmitry Remizov