Kyakkyawan iri na ɗaya daga cikin yanayin samun yawan amfanin ƙasa. Alamomin inganci masu zuwa suna da mahimmanci: tsabta (rashin ƙazanta na sauran amfanin gona, weeds, fashe hatsi, bambaro, da dai sauransu), germination makamashi, germination, zafi, kazalika da rashi iri iri ta kwari da cututtuka. Samun wannan bayanan a farkon matakin noman amfanin gona, gonaki na iya amfani da albarkatun su yadda ya kamata don samun yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ana shirya iri don kakar wasa ta gaba ta fara nan da nan bayan girbi. Da fari dai, damshin da ke cikin tsaba a lokacin da ake tantance cikowa; Bayan haka kuma ana samun ƙarin sarrafa iri daga ƙazantar sauran amfanin gona, ciyawa, karyewar hatsi, bambaro da sauran abubuwa.
Don tantance ingancin iri, masu samar da aikin gona za su iya tuntuɓar reshe na Cibiyar Kasafin Kuɗi ta Tarayya "Rosselkhoztsentr" a cikin yankin Krasnoyarsk. Reshen yana da gundumomi 18 da sassan gundumomi, wakilta a gundumomi 21 na yankin. Shekaru da yawa, ƙwararrunmu suna tantance ingancin kayan iri da kuma ba da shawarwari.
Ciwon tsaba da ci gaba da ci gaban amfanin gona a cikin filin yana shafar kai tsaye ta hanyar gurɓataccen kayan iri tare da cututtuka. Tare da tushe mai ƙarfi na farko na kamuwa da cuta, za mu sami harbe-harbe daga baya, tsire-tsire masu rauni a lokacin girma, kamuwa da cuta da wuri tare da cututtukan da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da iska da iska. Binciken kayan iri na Phyto yana taimaka wa gonaki yadda ya dace wajen tunkarar iri da adana kuɗi.
Tun daga ranar 09.04.2024/158,32/1132, kwararru daga reshe na Cibiyar Kasafin Kasafin Kudi ta Tarayya "Rosselkhoztsentr" a cikin yankin Krasnoyarsk sun duba 2023 ton dubu (223 batches) na hatsi da leguminous tsaba daga girbi na XNUMX akan gonaki XNUMX.
Kayan amfanin gona. A sakamakon phytoexpertise, an kafa shi:
- jimlar kamuwa da ƙwayar alkama, sha'ir da hatsi ya ragu sau 1,2 fiye da na shekarar da ta gabata - 20,0, 16,9% da 16,5%, bi da bi;
- kamuwa da ƙwayar hatsi tare da tushen rot baya wuce iyakar cutarwa na 15%. Yaduwar cututtuka akan amfanin gona: 8,2% - alkama, 7,1% - sha'ir da 3,3% - hatsi, wanda ya yi ƙasa da alkalumman bara na kwanan wata.
- helminthosporium da fusarium tushen rots suna bayyana akan kayan iri, yayin da infestation na tsaba shine sau 1,4 da sau 2,1 ƙasa da bara, bi da bi;
- An sami smut spores a cikin 7% na ƙwayar hatsi da aka bincika. Abubuwan iri na amfanin gona na hatsi suna kamuwa da smut, galibi zuwa matakin rauni;
- tsaba na alkama sun fi gurbata da bunt a cikin rukunin gabas na yankuna, sha'ir a cikin rukuni na tsakiya da hatsi a cikin rukunin yamma.
Pulses. A sakamakon phytoexpertise, an kafa shi:
- jimlar abubuwan iri na kayan amfanin gona na leguminous ta cututtuka shine 11,3%, wanda kusan shine matakin shekarar da ta gabata (11,6%);
- yawancin tsaba suna kamuwa da ascochyta blight (78% na ƙarar da aka bincika), tare da yawancin 3,5%. Ascochyta blight, kamar fusarium blight, na iya haifar da tushen rot na seedlings;
- fusarium (babban causative wakili na tushen rot) an lura a cikin 64% na adadin da aka yi nazari na peas, tare da yawan 1,1%;
- An lura da cutar ta Alternaria a cikin kashi 71% na yawan adadin tsaba da aka bincika, matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin kamuwa da cuta shine 2,6%;
- moldy fungi ya shafi kashi 48% na adadin tsaba da aka yi nazari tare da yawan 1,5%;
- An gano kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta a cikin 48% na adadin da aka bincika, matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin adadin tsaba da bacteriosis ya shafa shine 2,0%;
- An samo launin toka mai launin toka a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan fis (20% na adadin da aka bincika) tare da yawan 0,4%.
Ana ci gaba da kimanta halayen shuka iri.