Kasuwar kayan gwari don dankalin turawa a Rasha an wakilta ta da shirye-shirye masu yawa. Babban dalilin amfani da su shine kare shuke-shuke daga cututtuka a lokacin bazara, da farko daga cututtukan ƙarshen marigayi da alternaria. Koyaya, akwai wasu ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da lahani a kan yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙwarin dankali.
Masu ƙera kayayyakin kariya na tsire-tsire suna ƙara ƙoƙari da albarkatu don haɓaka da samar da magunguna waɗanda ke hana ci gaban cututtuka, duk da haka, yanayi yana iya daidaitawa da canjin yanayin - ƙwayoyin cuta suna da ikon canzawa, kuma yawancin samfuran da aka ɗauka masu tasiri a kwanan nan ba su da ikon sarrafa yawan mutanen da aka sauya na ƙarshen bushasa da mawuyacin hali. Sabbin kwayoyin suna da wuya su bayyana a kasuwa, yayin da suke daukar shekaru masu yawa kafin su bunkasa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa masu sana ar kayan gwari sun fi son abubuwan da ake cakuɗewa: yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsayi kafin mai cutar ya sami damar juriya da abubuwa masu aiki na azuzuwan sinadarai daban-daban. Bugu da kari, akwai abubuwa masu aiki, ci gaban juriya wanda ba shi yiwuwa. Ainihin, waɗannan abubuwa ne masu aiki na nau'in sadarwar, waɗanda ke da tasiri na kariya da kariya kuma suna aiki azaman wani ɓangare na dabarun hana juriya, wanda ya zama tilas tare da maimaita amfani da kayan gwari.
Samun wadatattun magunguna don sarrafa ƙarshen ɓarna da Alternaria a lokacin noman sau da yawa yakan rikitar da masu noman: abin da ya fi dacewa - sanannen sananniyar ko ƙarancin kuɗin samfuran? Amsar a bayyane take, musamman ga manoma waɗanda suka fuskanci raunin tasirin magungunan ƙwayoyi a lokacin shekarun cutar epiphytotic. Baya ga abu mai aiki, shirye-shiryen asali ya ƙunshi saitin adheshes, adjuvants da sauran ƙari, saboda tasirin sa bai dogara da yanayin yanayi da fasahar noma da ake amfani da ita a gonar ba. Yana da mahimmanci cewa maganin ya kasance yana da tasiri sosai a cikin yankunan kudu masu zafi da bushe na ƙasar, kuma a cikin mawuyacin yanayi na yankunan Siberian, Ural da arewa maso yamma.
Magungunan Syngenta sun cika duk waɗannan buƙatun. An tsara abubuwa da dama na kayan gwari don kare dankali daga tsirowa kafin girbi. Sanannun nau'ikan RIDOMIL® ZINARIYA MC, JAWO® TOP, SHIRLAN® da BRAVO® wannan shekara mun sake cika tare da sabon samfurin - RIDOMIL® GOLD R.
Amma kafin bullo da wani sabon samfuri, ya zama dole a gano wata matsalar ta noman dankalin, wanda a halin yanzu ba shi da mafita. Bacteriosis cuta ce wacce wasu kwayoyi masu kamuwa da cuta ke haifarwa kuma tana haifar da matsala ga masu noman dankalin.
Kwayar cuta kwayoyin halitta ne, wadanda sama da nau'in 100 suka wakilta kawai a matsayin kwayoyin cuta na shuke-shuke da aka noma. A kan dankali, manyan su sune rubewar zobe (kwayoyin halittar mutum Clavibacter), keɓaɓɓen abin launin ruwan kwayan ya ruɓe (Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.) Da kuma blackleg na kwayoyin cuta (kwayoyin halittar Pseudomonas, Erwiniya, Dickeye). Saboda bayyanar yau da kullun, mai wahalar gano cututtukan cuta da abubuwan da ke yaduwarsu (ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa daga tsire-tsire masu cuta zuwa masu lafiya), kwayoyin da ke haifar da "baƙar kafar" dankali kwanan nan sun bazu musamman.
Matsalar sarrafa bakteriya ta ta'allaka ne da gaskiyar su a cikin tsire-tsire, kuma shirye-shiryen fungicidal ba sa aiki a kansu. Hanyoyin da ake dasu yanzu na sarrafa kwayoyin cuta sun hada dukkan matakai, gami da hanyoyin agrotechnical (juyawar amfanin gona, daidaiton hadi, yin lalata da ganye, da sauransu), shuka iri (amfani da kayan tsabtataccen abu da aka gwada), phytosanitary (sarrafa wuraren ajiya, cire shuke-shuke masu cutar daga filin) da kuma sinadarai (mai dauke da yaduwar kwayar cuta ta amfani da shirye-shiryen dauke da tagulla). Koyaya, shirye-shiryen da aka ƙunshi jan ƙarfe a kasuwa ba su da tasiri ƙwarai wajen magance wannan matsalar. An fi gabatar da su a cikin siffin rigar (SP), wanda ke da halin ƙura a yayin amfani da shi, ƙarancin solubility da ƙarancin aiki saboda rashin juriya da wankin.
Sabuwar magani daga kamfanin "Syngenta" RIDOMIL® GOLD R wani sinadari ne mai dauke da sinadarin jan ƙarfe wanda ke da tasiri a kan cutar busasshen ɗanɗano da dankalin turawa, yana da tasirin kwayar cuta kuma ba shi da fa'idodin da ke tattare da tsarin SP mai dauke da jan ƙarfe.
Shirye-shiryen ya ƙunshi abubuwa biyu masu aiki - mefenoxam da jan ƙarfe oxychloride. Mefenoxam (metalaxyl-M) yana da tasiri na musamman akan oomycetes, yana da tsari sosai kuma ana iya amfani dashi a cikin yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta duka don dalilai na kariya da magani.
Abubuwan sanyin fungic da na ƙwayoyin cuta na jan ƙarfe an san su da daɗewa. An fara amfani da jan ƙarfe a cikin kariya ta shuke-shuke a cikin ƙarni na XNUMX: an kula da tsaba na alkama da jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe.
A matsayina na wakilin tuntuɓar, jan ƙarfe yana da tasiri a kan kusan dukkanin rukunin masu cuta. Bugu da ƙari, yana da tasiri mai yawa akan ƙwayoyin cuta - fitowar juriya na jan ƙarfe kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Hanyoyin zamani na kayayyakin kare tsire-tsire suna amfani da mahaɗan wannan ƙarfe, kamar su jan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe hydroxide da jan ƙarfe oxychloride. Koyaya, kowane ɗayansu yana da abubuwan da yake da shi na musamman: sulfate jan ƙarfe bashi da tasiri (yana aiki ne kawai a haɗe da alli, amma a lokaci guda yana zama mai guba ga shuke-shuke da mutane), jan ƙarfe hydroxide yana da ƙarancin solubility, da tagulla oxychloride (yawancin kwayoyi akan kasuwa) suna da ƙura mai yawa, mai sauƙin saukar ruwa kuma baya jure wankin kashe.
Maganin RIDOMIL® GOLD R an ƙirƙira shi don shawo kan waɗannan iyakokin: yana ƙunshe da mafi inganci samfurin akan oomycetes - mefenoxam, da kuma jan ƙarfe, wanda aka gabatar dashi cikin sabon tsari gabaɗaya - ƙwaya mai narkewa ta ruwa (WDG). Formula M (wanda Syngenta ya haɓaka) yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar ƙirƙirar da ba ta dace da ƙura ba kuma mai aminci ne ga mai aiki. Magungunan yana da babban solubility, juriya don wankan kashe, aminci ga mahalli da mai aiki, kuma, tare da ƙananan abun ciki na AI idan aka kwatanta da sauran magunguna, ƙimar aiki mafi inganci.
Wannan ya samu ne ta hanyar karin bayani game da kirkirar. Ba asiri bane cewa abu guda mai aiki, lokacin da aka gabatar dashi a cikin tsari daban-daban, yana da tasiri daban. Misali, mai sanyaya ciwo mai zafin jiki koyaushe ana fifita shi akan mai magance zafi mai ƙarfi saboda yana narkewa cikin sauri kuma yana tafiya zuwa tushen azabar. Irin wannan ƙa'idar don ƙirƙirar jan ƙarfe a RIDOMIL® ZINARIYA R: barbashi yana da mafi girman watsawa kuma, bisa ga haka, ya fi kyau cikin mafita. A cikin shirye-shirye na yau da kullun, girman ƙwayar shine micron 5-10, kuma a cikin RIDOMIL® GOLD R - bai fi micron 1 ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin sakan 5 bayan an sanya shi cikin ruwa, maganin ya narke gaba ɗaya.
Tabbatattun mafita sune haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin caji daban daban waɗanda suke "jawo hankalin" juna kuma suke haifar da daskararru. Kuma a RIDOMIL® GOLD R barbashi na jan karfe ana jujjuya su zuwa nau'in haɗuwa, inda ƙwayoyin suke da caji iri ɗaya kuma, bisa ga haka, suna tunkude juna (a cikin jirgi don ƙirƙirar mafita), ƙirƙirar daidaitaccen bayani. Godiya ga waɗannan sifofin, ya zama mai yuwuwa don rage abun jan ƙarfe a cikin shirye-shiryen, tunda saboda warwatsewar shi, an rarraba shirye-shiryen kwata-kwata a cikin shuka, yana da juriya ga wanka kuma yana da inganci mai inganci tare da ƙananan abun jan ƙarfe. Af, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke shafar amincin kayan gwari don amfanin gona, mahalli da mutane.
Mahimman fa'idodin RIDOMIL® Zinariya R:
- haɗuwa da abubuwa biyu masu aiki a cikin tsari ɗaya, wanda ke da tasiri ƙwarai akan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙarshen ɓarna, Alternaria (dankali, tumatir), peronosporosis (albasa), mildew da anthracnose (inabi);
- sabon ƙirƙirar jan ƙarfe a ƙaramin haɗuwa da kashi yana samar da kyakkyawan kariya ga amfanin gona ("mai laushi" don amfanin gona), baya tarawa cikin ƙasa;
- yana da ƙarin sakamako - rigakafin bacteriosis;
- inganta solubility;
- juriya mafi girma - jan ƙarfe na oxychloride a cikin tsarin EDG yana da tsayayyar sinadarai ga hasken rana, danshi, da oxygen da carbon dioxide a cikin iska.
RIDOMIL® GOLD R an yi rajista a cikin albarkatu daban-daban game da cututtuka kamar ƙarshen buguwa da alternaria (dankali, tumatir), peronosporosis (albasa), fure da anthracnose (inabi).
Hakoki na Talla