Ƙungiyar «Soyuzstarch» ya gabatar da sakamakon masana'antar don 2021. Masana'antar sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi tana ci gaba da jinkirin girma amma tsayin daka. A cikin 2021, samar da maltodextrin da lysine ya karu sosai - a cikin waɗannan nau'ikan samfuran, canjin shigo da kayayyaki da haɓaka fitarwa suna faruwa. Hukumomin gwamnati sun kirkiro hanyoyi daban-daban don bunkasa masana'antu - matakan tallafi sun riga sun kasance kuma kamfanoni suna amfani da su.
Associationungiyar Kamfanonin sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi suna ba da haske game da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin 2021 a cikin masana'antar. Bayan 2020 mai wahala, kamfanonin masana'antu sun yi ƙoƙarin haɓaka iya aiki, haɓaka kayan sarrafawa da fitar da kayayyaki, da maye gurbin wasu nau'ikan shigo da kaya. Gabaɗaya, 2021 ya ƙare tare da ingantaccen kuzari ga masana'antar.
Daga cikin matakan da aka ɗauka a matakin jiha waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban masana'antu, ya kamata a lura da tsarin ayyukan doka na yau da kullun, wanda ya haɗa da shirye-shiryen jihohi, ayyukan yau da kullun na matakan tarayya da na yanki.
Saboda haka, zurfin sarrafawa Enterprises rayayye shiga cikin aiwatar da tarayya shirin "Export na Agro-Industrial Complex Products", a cikin abin da girmamawa ne a kan halittar wani sabon kasuwanci taro na agro-masana'antu hadaddun kayayyakin, ciki har da high darajar-kara kayayyakin. ta hanyar sake yin amfani da fasaha na masana'antu da matakan tallafi.
Babban abin da ake bukata na tallafin jihohi ga masana'antu shine yuwuwar samun lamuni na fifiko. Bayar da lamuni na haɓaka haɓakar kuɗi na ayyukan saka hannun jari kuma yana rage haɗarin 'yan kasuwa a cikin mafi wahala - matakin farko, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka ayyukan saka hannun jari a cikin ƙasa kuma, saboda haka, yana kawo kudaden shiga na gaske ga kasafin kuɗi.
An sanya wannan tsari bisa doka a cikin Dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha ta Afrilu 26, 2019 No. 512, da kuma a cikin Dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha ta Disamba 29, 2016 No. 1528. Adadin ribar da aka fi so shine 1-5% dangane da banki, yayin da lamunin lamuni na ɗan gajeren lokaci ya kai shekara 1, kuma daga shekaru 2 zuwa 15 na masu saka hannun jari. Mahimman dalilai na ba da lamuni shine biyan kuɗi, siyan hatsi don ƙarin sarrafawa, siyan kayan aiki, gine-gine, sake ginawa da sake sake fasalin fasaha, da kuma sabunta masana'antu.
Bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin hanyoyin shine yanayin wajibi don samun lamuni mai laushi. A cikin tsarin Dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha No. 512, buƙatar ƙaddamar da yarjejeniya game da haɓaka gasa an daidaita shi, wanda masana'anta ke da alhakin bi ka'idodin ci gaban samarwa. A cikin tsarin Dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha No. 1528 - yarda da ma'auni don samar da samfurori da aka sarrafa daga albarkatun da aka samar a cikin ƙasa na Tarayyar Rasha, girman wanda dole ne ya zama akalla 70%, tare da ban da kayan da aka yi daga waje, analogues waɗanda ba a samar da su a cikin Tarayyar Rasha.
Wani tsarin daban shine yuwuwar dawo da wani ɓangare na farashin kai tsaye (20% na ainihin farashin kayan aikin) don ƙirƙira da (ko) sabunta wuraren sarrafa kayan aikin gona, a cikin tsarin dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha ta Fabrairu 12.02.2020, 137 No. XNUMX.
Tsarin tallafi na gwamnati da aka bayar a cikin tsarin Dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Rasha ta ranar 15 ga Satumba, 2017 No. 1104 yana da mafi girma a tsakanin kamfanoni - masu fitar da masana'antu. Dangane da abin da, an ba da diyya ga 25% na farashin kayan aiki don masana'antun da masu siyar da kayayyakin aikin gona, yayin da sufuri da jigilar kayayyaki ana aiwatar da su daga wuraren tashi da ke cikin yankin Tarayyar Rasha zuwa wurare na ƙarshe ta kowa. hanyoyin sufuri.
Sabbin tanade-tanade na Dokar Tarayya No. 4973-1 "Akan Hatsi" ya fara aiki, bisa ga tsarin da aka tsara tsarin "Grain" na Gwamnatin Tarayya. FSIS "Grain" an ƙera shi don sarrafa hanyoyin tattarawa, sarrafawa, adanawa da kuma nazarin bayanai a fagen rarraba hatsi da kayan sarrafa hatsi, don tabbatar da ganowa.
Godiya ga matakan tallafi na jihar da aka bayar, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan masana'antu sun nuna haɓakar haɓakar samfuran da aka karɓa (Table 1), dangane da abin da ke da alaƙa da raguwar tsarin dogaro da shigo da kayayyaki masu ƙima da yawa. samfurori (Table 2), fadada kewayon samfuran da aka kera, da kuma yiwuwar shiga sabbin kasuwannin duniya (Table 3).
Haɓakawa na masana'antu daga shekara zuwa shekara yana nuna ci gaba a hankali amma ci gaba. Dangane da kimantawar Rosstat da Associationungiyar, a cikin 2021, ana lura da haɓaka mafi girma (kusan sau 2) a cikin samar da maltodextrin, wanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin maye gurbin analog ɗin da aka shigo da shi da canjin masu amfani zuwa samfuran gida - a wannan shekara. Fitar da wannan sitaci ya kai ton 39932.
Ayyukan lysine ya karu da 30% a cikin shekara, wanda aka samar a Rasha ta hanyar kamfanoni biyu - CJSC Premix Plant No. 1 da JSC AminoSib. A cikin 2021, fitowar L-lysine sulfate na cikin gida ya kai ton 117000.
Yin la'akari da aikin a cikakken ƙarfin kamfanoni uku - Cargill LLC, Aston Starch Products LLC da Biotech-Rosva JSC - samar da glucose-fructose syrups ya karu da kusan ton na uku - 258975 a wannan shekara. Sauran samfuran sitaci sun nuna girma daga 1,2% zuwa 9,5% (Table 1).
Tebur 1 - Samar da kayan sitaci da sitaci, ton
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Ƙarfafa 2021 zuwa 2020, % | |
Taurari, banda gyarawa | 280 889 | 294 654 | 324 914 | 346 283 | 6,6 |
Dextrins | 9 064 | 8 165 | 9 526 | 10 429 | 9,5 |
Gyaran sitaci | 45 928 | 58 804 | 61 103 | 62 941 | 3,0 |
Glucose-fructose syrups | 174 722 | 152 504 | 200 625 | 258 975 | 29,1 |
Maltodextrin | 0 | 19 131 | 20 073 | 39 932 | 98,9 |
Molasses sitaci | 464 216 | 466 648 | 467 235 | 476 532 | 1,2 |
Lysine | 68 000 | 80 000 | 90 000 | 117 000 | 30,0 |
A cewar Hukumar Kwastam ta Tarayya, shigo da kayayyakin sitaci a wannan shekara ya zama mafi girma girma idan aka kwatanta da 2020 a cikin nau'in sitaci na asali (shigo da kaya ya kai ton 40225, wanda shine 63,7% ƙari), dextrins (shigo da - 1489 tons, wanda shine ton 67,5). 6% ƙari) da sitaci syrup (shigo da - 066 ton, wanda shine 44,1% ƙari).
Ana shigo da alkama da sitacin dankalin turawa kusan ninki biyu, wanda ya kai ton 10500 na sitacin alkama a shekarar 2021 idan aka kwatanta da ton dubu 4800 a shekarar 2020. Shigo da sitacin dankalin turawa a shekarar 2021 ya kai tan 22500, kuma a shekarar 2020 - 12900 ton. Ana iya bayyana wannan ta hanyar karuwar buƙatun masu amfani waɗanda ke adana kayan abinci don amfanin gaba. An samu raguwar samar da sitacin dankalin turawa ne sakamakon rashin girbin dankalin turawa, da kuma karuwar fitar da sitacin alkama da BioOperations LLP ke yi a Arewacin Kazakhstan. Abubuwan da aka shigo da su a cikin 2021 na sitacin masara sun kai ton 4349, sitacin rogo ton 1476 (Table 2).
A cikin nau'ikan maltodextrin da lysine, ana samun canjin shigo da kayayyaki a hankali saboda ayyukan kamfanonin Rasha. Maltodextrin da aka shigo da shi zuwa Rasha a cikin 2021 shine tan 5740, wanda shine 42,8% kasa da na 2020. Lysine - 43130 ton, wanda shine 19,2% kasa da bara.
Table 2 - Shigo da sitaci da sitaci kayayyakin, ton
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Ƙarfafa 2021 zuwa 2020, % | |
Taurari, banda gyarawa | 28 650 | 22 363 | 24 574 | 40 225 | 63,7 |
Gyaran sitaci | 98 062 | 95 958 | 94 656 | 103 541 | 9,4 |
Glucose-fructose syrups | 3 334 | 1 761 | 2 445 | 2 254 | -7,8 |
Dextrins | 917 | 1 079 | 889 | 1 489 | 67,5 |
Maltodextrin | 24 351 | 14 625 | 10 038 | 5 740 | -42,8 |
Molasses sitaci | 9 386 | 6 942 | 4211 | 6 066 | 44,1 |
Lysine | 85 144 | 60 834 | 53 352 | 43 130 | -19,2 |
Fitar da samfuran da aka kara masu daraja a cikin 2021 ya karu idan aka kwatanta da bara don fitar da maltodextrin, sitaci na asali da gyare-gyare, kuma ya ragu don fitar da syrups, dextrins da lysine. Fitar da sitacin alkama a shekarar 2021 ya kai tan 2932, sitacin masara ton 43335, sitacin dankalin turawa 2416.
Mafi girma girma girma na 996% ana lura da shi a cikin fitar da maltodextrin - 13536 dubu a cikin 2021. Ga sauran nau'ikan, akwai gagarumin raguwa a wannan shekara idan aka kwatanta da 2020. An fitar da syrups na glucose-fructose zuwa 84,3% ƙasa - tan 428. Dextrins sun ragu 64% - 166 ton. Sitaci syrup ne 29,4% kasa - 23822 ton (Table 3).
Tebur 3 - Fitar da kayan sitaci da sitaci, ton
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Ƙarfafa 2021 zuwa 2020, % | |
Taurari, banda gyarawa | 33 428 | 29 279 | 26 257 | 48 814 | 85,9 |
Gyaran sitaci | 5 852 | 7 151 | 7 484 | 8 142 | 8,8 |
Glucose-fructose syrups | 886 | 852 | 2 728 | 428 | -84,3 |
Dextrins | 217 | 461 | 461 | 166 | -64,0 |
Maltodextrin | 266 | 981 | 1235 | 13 536 | 996,0 |
Molasses sitaci | 27 949 | 19 834 | 33 764 | 23 822 | -29,4 |
Lysine | 736 | 616 | -16,3 |
"A cikin 2021, masana'antar mu sun nuna haɓaka a cikin samfuran da yawa bayan wahala 2020. Matakan tallafi na yanzu sun ba da sakamako mai ma'ana a cikin ci gaban masana'antu, amma babban ci gaban masana'antu yana yiwuwa ne kawai idan akwai wani shiri na daban don ci gaban masana'antar, da kuma hanyar da za a iya daidaita kasuwancin hatsi. , musamman, ƙaddamar da kwangilar samar da alkama da masara a nan gaba, ”in ji Oleg, Shugaban Ƙungiyar Soyuzkrakhmal Radin.
Game da Ƙungiyar Soyuzkrakhmal: Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙimar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙimar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwarar ) ce wadda ke inganta ƙarfafawa da haɓaka kasuwannin cikin gida don sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi. An kafa kungiyar Soyuzkrakhmal a cikin 1998 kuma a halin yanzu ta haɗu da manyan masana'antu a cikin masana'antar, tana ba da kusan kashi 80% na sitaci na asali, fiye da 75% na samar da gida na sitaci na asali, maltodextrin da glucose-fructose syrups, 90% na sitaci da aka gyara. 100% na glucose syrups da L-lysine sulfate. A ranar Mayu 20, 2022, taron VI na kasa da kasa "ProStarch 2022: yanayin kasuwa don sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi".