A cikin 2023, Rasha ta dogara da haɓaka samar da wasu abubuwa a cikin masana'antar sarrafa hatsi mai zurfi, wanda ya shafi yanayin kasuwa da kayayyaki na fitarwa. Sakamakon ayyukan masana'antu na 2023 an gabatar da su ta Ƙungiyar Soyuzstarch na Advanced Grain Processing Enterprises.
A cikin duka, an samar da tan 2023 na sitaci na asali (masara, alkama da dankalin turawa) a Rasha a cikin 390. A shekarar 828, wannan adadi ya kai tan 2022. A sa'i daya kuma, jimillar adadin sitaci da aka fitar a bara ya kai ton 377. Don kwatantawa, a cikin 824, fitar da sitaci iri ɗaya ya kusan ninki biyu kuma ya kai tan 20. Abubuwan da aka shigo da su sun kai tan 665, wanda ya ragu da kashi 2022% (tan 38) fiye da shekara guda da ta gabata.
Jimlar samar da sitaci na asali a cikin 2023 ya kasance da farko ta haɓakar sitaci na masara, wanda aka samar da sama da tan 328. Koyaya, shigo da sitacin masara a cikin 607 ya kai ton 2023, wanda yayi daidai da kasa da 2% dogaro shigo da kaya. Fitar da kayayyaki ya kai kusan tan 736, raguwar kashi 1% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 19, wanda hakan ya faru ne sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da kuma matsalolin biyan kudaden kasa.
A al'adance sitaci alkama ya zama na biyu wajen samar da adadin, wanda ya samar da ton 50 a bara. Yawan shigo da kaya ba shi da mahimmanci (ton 374), kuma fitarwa (ton 24) ya ragu da kashi 394% idan aka kwatanta da 73.
A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, samar da sitacin dankalin turawa ya kasance a matsayi maras kyau. A cikin 2023, an samar da shi sama da tan 11. Haka nan kuma, an shigo da shi cikin kasarmu a cikin adadin tan 846 (wanda ya kai kashi 7% kasa da na shekarar 222), amma an fitar da shi a matakin 67, a cikin adadin kusan tan 2022. Gabaɗaya, raguwar shigo da kayan sitaci na dankalin turawa na iya kasancewa saboda maye gurbinsa a girke-girke tare da masara mai ƙarancin tsada da sitacin alkama, da kuma canje-canje a cikin layin samfur.
Samar da gyare-gyaren sitaci ya kai fiye da tan 100. Wannan ya kai kashi 544% kasa da na 6 (an samar da ton 2022 a lokacin). A cikin Rasha, kamar yadda yake a baya, ana samar da gyare-gyaren masana'antu da yawa, waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman reagents na hakowa, da kuma a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara, takarda da masana'anta.
A lokaci guda, ana wakilta shigo da kayayyaki ta hanyar gyare-gyaren abinci na sitaci. A cikin 2023, kayayyaki sun kai kusan tan 54 (780% kasa da na shekarar da ta gabata), amma tan 23 kawai aka fitar da su (1767% kasa da na shekarar da ta gabata).
«Duk da wahalhalu, shekarar da ta gabata tana da kyau gabaɗaya. Don dalilai masu ma'ana, adadin fitar da kayayyaki ya ragu (da 10%). Akwai maye gurbin gyare-gyare masu tsada da sitaci dankalin turawa tare da analogues masu rahusa. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa yawan shigo da kayayyaki ya ragu da kashi 7%, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan yanayin kasuwa.", in ji Oleg Radin, Shugaban Ƙungiyar Cigaban Kasuwancin Haɓakawa.
Samar da sitaci syrups (glucose syrups) ya kasance kusan ba canzawa - kundin su ya kai ton 499. Ton 255 ne kawai aka shigo da su cikin kasar, tunda kamfanonin Rasha sun cika bukatun kasuwannin cikin gida, amma fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasuwannin waje ya kai ton 27 (9% fiye da shekara guda a baya). Daga cikin manyan kasashen da ake shigo da su akwai Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Jamhuriyar Moldova da dai sauransu.
Glucose-fructose syrups (GFS) a Rasha a cikin 2023 an samar a cikin adadin 293 ton. Idan aka kwatanta da 432 (ton 2022), adadin samarwa ya karu da 277%. Ana shigo da kaya ba komai bane, adadin ya kai tan 823 da 6 a cikin 2 da 36. bi da bi. Har ila yau, fitar da kayayyaki ba su da mahimmanci - 2023 da 2022, bi da bi. Babban dalili: GFS samfurin kasuwa ne na gida wanda ba shi da riba don jigilar kaya a kan dogon nesa. A lokaci guda kuma, kasuwar GFS ta nuna mafi kyawun haɓakawa a tsakanin dukkanin samfuran hatsi da aka sarrafa sosai, wanda zai iya kasancewa saboda karuwar yawan shan barasa da ƙarancin barasa a lokacin bazara, da kuma karuwar yawan yawon bude ido a cikin kasar.
Samuwar Maltodextrin a cikin 2023 ya kai ton 47, yana raguwa da 823% (tan 13) idan aka kwatanta da 54. Wasu masana'antun sun ga wata dama ta samar da busassun syrups na glucose da kuma kara yawan samar da sitaci. Bugu da kari, shigo da kaya kuma ya fadi zuwa ton 960 (ton 2022 a shekarar 2), sannan fitar da kayayyaki ya zarce tan 196, wanda hakan ya rage jigilar kayayyaki da kasashen duniya da kashi 3% (ton 359 da aka fitar a shekarar 2022).
A cikin shekarar, an samar da glukos monohydrates guda 20 a Rasha. An shigo da ton 000 na kayayyakin, kuma fitar da kayayyaki ya wuce tan 14. Har ila yau, an shigo da ton 168 na sorbitol da tan 595 na tsaftataccen sinadarin fructose zuwa cikin kasar - abubuwan da ba a kera su a kasar Rasha ba.
Dangane da sunadaran shuka, an samar da fiye da tan 2023 na alkama (gluten) a Rasha a cikin 84, wanda shine 992% ƙasa da samarwa a 8 (tons 2022). A sa'i daya kuma, an fitar da kayayyakin da aka saba fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje a cikin adadin tan 92 (wanda ya kai kashi 900% kasa da na shekarar 39 - 636), wanda hakan na iya kasancewa sakamakon kin sayen kasashen da ba sa son juna. Abubuwan da aka shigo da su sun kai ton 55, wanda ya ragu sau hudu idan aka kwatanta da bara (ton 2022).
Kamfanonin sun samar da fiye da tan 59 na alkama na masara (don kwatanta: a cikin 277 - 2022 ton). A lokaci guda, shigo da alkama na masara ya kai ton 58, yana raguwa da 781% (ko tan 10 a cikin 266). Babu kayan fitarwa zuwa waje.
A cikin 2023, an samar da ton 106 na abubuwan gina jiki (soya, fis) a Rasha, kuma an ware ton 500 na furotin kayan lambu (soya). Yawan shigo da abubuwan gina jiki sun kai ton 10, da fitarwa - ton 000. An shigo da keɓancewar furotin na kayan lambu zuwa Rasha a cikin adadin tan 2, kuma fitar da kayayyaki ya kai ton 684.
A cikin 2023, kamfanoni a Rasha sun samar da fiye da ton 111 na L-lysine sulfate - 738% kasa da na 22. Shigo da lysine (yafi a cikin nau'i na monohydrochloride) ya kai kusan tan 2022, wanda shine kashi 29% kasa da matakin shigo da kaya na 387 (ton 57). Ana iya kiran fitar da lysine maras muhimmanci, tun da ya kai ton 2022 kawai. Dangane da sauran muhimman amino acid, a cewar kamfanin bincike na Feedlot, a shekarar 68, an kawo tan 783 na threonine da tan 258 na tryptophan zuwa kasar.
Dangane da sauran samfuran ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, a cikin 2023, an shigo da ton 2 na acetic acid, ton 040 na lactic acid da ton 10 na citric acid zuwa Rasha.
"Kayan samfurin microHaɗin ilimin halitta yana da matuƙar ban sha'awa ga kasuwar Rasha. Kamfanin Rustark ya riga ya fara aiwatar da aikin don kwayoyin acid. Muna samar da lysine, amma ba ma samar da threonine, tryptophan da sauran amino acid. Har ila yau, ana iya gano abubuwan abinci a matsayin wani shinge na daban, musamman masu ciwon sukari: sorbitol, maltitol, erythritol, da dai sauransu."Oleg Radin ya bayyana.
«Gabaɗaya, a cikin 2023 mun sami damar kiyaye matsayinmu a samarwa, amma fitar da samfur ya ragu. Amma ina tsammanin masana'antar za ta shawo kan matsalolin, sake ginawa, kuma a cikin shekarar da muke ciki 2024 sakamakon zai kasance mai kyau. ", in ji Oleg Radin.