A matsayinta na kan gaba a fannin noman dankalin turawa a fadin duniya, kasar Sin ta dade tana bayan mafi yawan masu noman dankalin turawa a fannin noman noma. Dalili kuwa shi ne rashin samun nau'ikan zaɓin namu masu amfani sosai da kuma rashin ingantaccen kayan iri.
A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, kasar ta yi gagarumin aiki wajen gyara lamarin. Taurari na gaske sun bayyana a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kasar.
An san Xisen 6 a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyawun nasarorin da kasar Sin ta samu wajen kiwo, a shekarar 2016, kwamitin amincewa da nau'in amfanin gona na kasar Mongoliya mai cin gashin kansa da kwamitin tantance nau'in dankalin turawa na kasa ya amince da shi.
A halin yanzu, yawan amfanin wannan iri-iri a cikin yankin da ake nomawa na Mongoliya ta ciki yawanci kusan 75 t/ha.
A iri-iri yana da babban tuber size (a kasar Sin, da misali tuber size ne 7+), high busasshen abun ciki (24%), low abun ciki na rage sugars (0,14%), dace da duka sabo ne tallace-tallace da kuma aiki. Ana noma shi sosai a duk faɗin ƙasar, yana barin dubunnan dubunnan manoma su ƙara samun kuɗin shiga.
A yau, masu shayarwa suna aiki don ƙirƙirar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halaye waɗanda suka zarce na Xisen 6. Don hanzarta wannan tsari, masana kimiyya suna shirye su yi amfani da mafi sabbin hanyoyin, har ma da na sararin samaniya. Masana sun yi imanin cewa a sararin samaniya, tsaba suna fuskantar nau'in radiation mai yawa da kuma radiation mai karfi, da kuma wasu yanayi masu tsanani, irin su microgravity da matsanancin yanayin zafi, wanda zai iya haifar da canje-canjen kwayoyin halitta wanda kusan ba zai yiwu ba a cimma ta hanyar amfani da tushen hasken ƙasa. A farkon wannan shekara, nau'in dankalin turawa 20 da suka shafe watanni shida a sararin samaniya a cikin kumbon Shenzhou-000 sun dawo duniya. A farkon Maris, an shuka su, sannan a dasa su a cikin greenhouse don haifuwa, kuma bayan watanni biyu, an tattara microtubers. Amma a yanzu, wannan shine farkon gwajin.
“Iri ne mabudin samar da abinci na kasar Sin. Rike iri a hannun mutum ne kawai za a iya tabbatar da abinci tare da tabbatar da wadatar abinci a kasar. Ya kamata tushen iri ya kasance mai zaman kansa da sarrafa shi, kuma fasahar samar da iri ya kamata su dogara da karfinsu da karfinsu,” wannan bayanin da shugaba Xi Jinping ya yi yayin ziyarar da ya kai dakin gwaje-gwajen iri na Yazhouwan a shekarar 2022, ya nuna a fili muhimmancin samar da iri ga kasar Sin. hukumomin kasar.
Ana samar da nau'in nau'in dankalin turawa masu yawa a cikin yankunan tsaunuka na kasar Sin. Waɗannan yankuna suna da fa'idodi na musamman don tsara iri: tsayi daga 1800 m sama da matakin teku, matsakaicin yanayin sanyi, babban yanayin zafi tsakanin dare da rana, da rashin kwari masu ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta.
Gwamnatin kasar na karfafa samar da masana'antun iri masu zaman kansu a irin wadannan yankuna, tana mai jaddada cewa, ga galibin manoman cikin gida, samar da iri, samar da kayayyaki a yankin, da shigarsu kasuwannin cikin gida da na kasa da kasa, wata dama ce ta hakika na manta da talauci.
Kasar Sin na fitar da dankalin da ba shi da kwayar cutar zuwa kasashen Saudiyya, Turkiyya, Masar, Nicaragua da sauran kasashe.
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Dokta Hu Bai Geng, Janar Manaja Xisen Dankali Masana'antu Group Kamfanin Limited
– A kasar Sin, galibi ana noman irin dankalin tebur. Launin da aka fi so na fata shine rawaya, fari da ja, launi da aka fi so na ɓangaren litattafan almara shine rawaya. Dankali mai ruwan hoda yana da ƙarancin buƙata.
Mafi yawan nau'in kiwo na kasar Sin: Xisen 3, Xisen 6, Zhongshu 5, Jizhangshu 12, Longshu 7, Lishu 6, Longshu 10, Minshu 1, Jinshu 16, Yunshu 505, Qianshu 8, E malingshu 16, da dai sauransu. Favorita , Atlantic, Shepody.
Fries na Faransa: Shepody, Innovator, Kexin 17; don kwakwalwan kwamfuta: Atlantic, Kexin16, Zhangshu 7, Jinshu 2, Dongnong 310; don sitaci: Kexin 12, Tianshu 10, Neishu 7, Dongnong 310, Huashu 1, Jinshu 5.
Masu kiwon kiwo na kasar Sin na ci gaba da kokarin kawo sabbin kayayyaki masu albarka a kasuwa. Aikin masana kimiyya shine samar da nau'ikan da ke rage yawan maganin kashe kwari da takin zamani a lokacin noma. inganta ingantaccen amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa. Manoma kuma suna buƙatar nau'ikan da ke da juriya ga salin ƙasa da sauran matsalolin.
Kasar Sin ta bunkasa noman irin dankalin turawa, gonakin iri na samar da kayan da ba su da kwayar cutar, sannan kuma manoman dankalin turawa kadan ne a yankuna masu nisa suna amfani da tubers na bara a matsayin iri.
An ɗauki mizanin ƙasa don dankali iri. Lambar misali ta ƙasa: GB18133-2012.