Dankali yana da nau'ikan cututtuka masu yawa waɗanda ke haifar da cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban a cikinsa. A cikin wuraren da ake girma dankalin turawa, irin waɗannan cututtuka kamar rhizoctoniosis, busassun fusarium rot, phomosis, marigayi blight da alternariosis suna haifar da babbar illa.
Rhizoctoniosis dankalin turawa a cikin adadin cututtukan da ke sama shine mafi cutarwa. Don haka, alal misali, phomosis da busassun fusarium rot kowace shekara suna ɗaukar matsakaicin 15-20% na amfanin gona, yayin da baƙar fata yawan amfanin gona yana raguwa da 45-50%. Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Thanatephorus cucumeria (Franc) Donk) cuta ce ta ƙasa da aka rarraba a cikin halittu daban-daban. Naman gwari yana iya haifar da lalacewa a cikin nau'ikan 230 na shuka da aka noma da ciyawa.
Lokacin da rhizoctoniosis ya shafi shuke-shuke dankalin turawa ko baki scab, busassun ulcers na launin ruwan kasa suna tasowa a karkashin kasa na mai tushe, sau da yawa suna yin sautin tushe kuma suna haifar da lalacewa ga sprouts, ƙuntatawa da mutuwar harbe. Ana iya lura da rawaya, bushewa da murƙushe ganye (farawa daga sama). Daga farkon tuberization, stolons da tushen sun lalace kuma sun fadi: sun zama launin ruwan kasa, sclerotia na naman gwari na iya haifar da su. A sakamakon haka, ana lura da raguwar shuka da kuma hare-haren da ake kaiwa, kuma amfanin amfanin gona yana raguwa sosai. Bugu da ƙari, an lura da samuwar sessile da tubers na iska; kuma a babban zafi a cikin ƙasa Layer na iska a gindin tushe da kuma kewaye da su, wani datti fari shafi na sporulation na "farar kafa" naman gwari ya bayyana a kan ƙasa, wanda ya nuna wani m pathological tsari a karkashin kasa gabobin a lokacin. girma kakar shuke-shuke. A kan tubers, cutar na iya bayyana a matsayin sclerotia (dark brown crusts), net necrosis, zurfin tabo, mummuna, da fasa.
Naman gwari na iya kasancewa a cikin yanayin zafi mai yawa (3-27 ° C) da danshi na ƙasa, cutar tana da cutarwa musamman a yanayin zafi da ƙarancin ƙasa da yanayin zafi da ƙarancin ƙasa. Ƙara yawan zafi na yanayin yana ƙara ƙarfin lalacewar rhizoctoniosis. Yanayin zafi yana aiki tare da yanayin zafi kawai. Ƙananan zafin jiki yana raguwa da girma na amfanin gona, kuma ƙwanƙwasa dankalin turawa ya dade a cikin ƙasa, yana tara adadi mai yawa na sukari mai sauƙi mai narkewa cikin sauƙi ga naman gwari, kuma cutar ta fi shafa. Don haka, tubers masu kamuwa da rhizoctoniosis a ƙarƙashin yanayin hasken yanayi a +20 C suna nuna alamun farko na lalacewar sprouts bayan kwanaki 7-8, tare da ƙarin haske - bayan makonni 4. An kuma kafa ƙarar ƙwayar dankalin turawa ga R. Solani tare da ƙarancin potassium a cikin ƙasa (potassium yana rage yawan tsire-tsire masu cutar daga 66 zuwa 10-15%).
Jerin hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su:
- Sneh B. Gano nau'in Rhizoctonia / B. Sneh, L. Burpee, A. Ogoshi // St. Paul, MN, Amurka: APS Press, 1991. - 133 p. 27.
- Sneh B. Rhizoctonia nau'in: Taxonomy, Ilimin Halittar Halitta, Ilimin Halitta, Pathology, da Control / B. Sneh, S. Jabaji-Hare, S. Neate, G. Dijst // Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996. - 578 p.