Hanyar zuwa filayen aikin noma na Michurinets a cikin yankin Novosibirsk shine ainihin Rashanci: motar ba za ta wuce ba, har ma da Niva ba za ta iya shiga cikin laka ba, kuma a kan bumps da maciji yana juya motar daga gefe zuwa gefe. . Amma kuna zuwa filayen kayan lambu - kuma Turai ta ainihi ta buɗe idanunku: dasa shuki har ma, har ma da ma'auni tare da mai mulki. Filin yana da kyau da kyau da kyau don haka kuna son cire takalmanku.
Fasaha, kuma mafi mahimmanci, al'adun kayan lambu masu girma, "Michurinians" da gaske suna aro daga Turai - daga Jamus da Netherlands. Ana noman barkono, tumatir, cucumbers a cikin lambuna, kuma ana shuka kabeji iri-iri, daga farin kabeji zuwa Peking kabeji, a cikin gonaki. Amma babban abin alfahari shine dankali. Anan an dasa shi ta hanyar kaset, yana girma daga tsaba, ba tubers ba.
Ya zuwa yanzu, an shuka iri-iri na Dutch a cikin filin gwaji. A kan tushensa, masana agronomists suna shirin samun hybrids masu dacewa da yanayin Siberiya. Waɗannan su ne dankali na karni na XXI, masu kirkiro na Siberiya sun tabbata, nan da nan za a dasa su ta wannan hanya (ta hanyar tsaba, ba tubers) a ko'ina, daga manyan gonaki zuwa gidajen rani.
"Hanyar tana da manyan abũbuwan amfãni guda biyu waɗanda suka sa ba kawai dace ba, har ma da riba ta tattalin arziki," in ji Nikolay Potapov, babban darektan kamfanin aikin gona na Michurinets da kamfanin Agros agro-technological, Ph.D. - Da fari dai, muna samun tsire-tsire masu lafiya waɗanda ba su da saurin kamuwa da cuta, masu jure kamuwa da cutar latti, kuma suna da inganci. Na biyu, mun keɓe farashin girbi da adana kayan irin dankalin turawa.
A cewar shugaban gonar, don adana tarin kayan shuka, ana buƙatar manyan wuraren ajiya, yanayi na musamman, da kulawa. Kuma sau da yawa da gangan ƙananan tsaba suna shiga cikin ƙasa - marasa lafiya, sanyi, tare da rot. Don kauce wa wannan, an haɓaka fasahar girma daga tsaba.
Daga tsaba dankalin turawa, an fara girma seedlings a cikin greenhouses, sa'an nan kuma an dasa su a cikin filayen tare da taimakon kayan aiki na musamman - bisa ga fasahar "kabeji" da aka yi a cikin gona. A kan wani tirela na musamman, wanda ke "manne" tsire-tsire daga kaset a cikin ƙasa, mutane uku sun tafi don sarrafa tsarin. Ana shuka har zuwa hectare hudu kowace rana. Tuni dai akwai motoci a Yamma waɗanda direban aiki ɗaya zai iya tuka su. Har ila yau, akwai wata dabara tare da kyamarori na bidiyo, filayen ciyawa da kyau. Ba da daɗewa ba duk wannan zai bayyana kuma mu, Michurinians mun tabbata, za mu rage girman aikin hannu, mai tsada, aiki.
"Za mu ci gaba da sauri, amma har yanzu ba mu da al'adun noma kaɗan," in ji Nikolai Potapov. - Idan muka yi magana game da Jamus, akwai gonar hectare biyar an riga an dauke shi babba. Kuma a cikin kasarmu, ana auna nasarar masana'antar ta hanyar manyan gonaki. Amma kawai lokacin da muka fahimci cewa yana yiwuwa a magance kayan lambu a kan karamin yanki, samun wadata, girbi mai kyau da kuma samun kudin shiga mai kyau - sai kawai za a fara ci gaba da ci gaban masana'antu. Yanzu a Rasha, an ƙarfafa gonakin greenhouse, amma game da buɗe ƙasa, muna nuna lokaci.
Dandanin samfurin ƙarshe da aka girma daga tsaba bai yi ƙasa da dankalin da aka saba ba. Masu noma sun riga sun yi kimantawa na organoleptic na dankali don guntun dankalin turawa kuma sun ba su babban maki. Irin su Dutch ne, amma Michurinians sun riga sun yi aiki tare da masu shayarwa na gida. Misali, dankalin turawa Zlatka, wanda aka kirkira a Cibiyar Bincike ta Siberiya na Shuka da Kiwo, reshe na Cibiyar Cytology da Genetics na SB RAS, shima ya dace da yin kwakwalwan kwamfuta. A cewar shirin jihar, nan da shekarar 2024 gonar Michurinets za ta samar da tan 94 na zababbun dankalin turawa na wannan nau'in ga kasuwa.
Rubutun Nikita Zaikovа