Tawagar masana kimiyya ta samar da wani sabon sinadari wanda ke hana photosynthesis a cikin ganyen shuka: yana hana ayyukan hadadden sunadaran da ke aiwatar da daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke tattare da tsarin - bazuwar ruwa zuwa iskar oxygen. Wannan sinadari na iya zama abin koyi na maganin ciyawa da ke yaki da ciyawa, alhali ba shi da illa ga mutane da dabbobi. Sakamakon binciken, wanda aka goyi bayan tallafi daga Cibiyar Kimiyya ta Rasha (RNF), an buga shi a cikin mujallar Cells, rahotanni. Gazeta.ru.
Photosynthesis shine tsarin da tsire-tsire ke haɗa kwayoyin halitta daga carbon dioxide da ruwa. Ana gudanar da shi tare da taimakon manyan hadaddun furotin guda biyu - photosystems 1 da 2 (PS1 da PS2), kowannensu ya ƙunshi cibiyar amsawa, kewaye da sunadarai da pigments. Ƙarƙashin aikin hasken rana, chlorophyll a cikin cibiyar amsawa ya zama mai farin ciki kuma yana tura electrons zuwa wasu kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin hoto. Canje-canje na electron na gaba yana tare da tarin ƙwayoyin kuzari masu ƙarfi, irin su ATP, waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin haɗin kwayoyin halitta. Rashin electrons da aka bari daga chlorophyll yana samun ramawa ta hanyar rushewar kwayoyin ruwa - a cikin wannan tsari ne ake fitar da iskar oxygen a matsayin samfurin.
Masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Nazarin Matsalolin Halittu na Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Rasha (Pushchino) tare da abokan aiki daga Jami'ar Gazi (Turkiyya) sun hada wani sabon fili wanda ya dogara da tagulla da guntun kwayoyin da ke hana photosynthesis a cikin ganyayyaki. Don tantance tasirin abin, marubutan sun ware PS2-inriched thylakoid membranes daga ganye-tsararru a cikin chloroplasts-kuma sun ƙara bayani na sabon fili ga sakamakon dakatarwa. An yi la'akari da tasirin hanawa ta yadda aka rage yawan sakin iskar oxygen da haske ya haifar - alal misali, an rage adadinsa da 69%. Bugu da ƙari, an yi nazarin tasirin abubuwan da wasu halayen halayen da ke nuna ayyukan PS2: alal misali, ƙari na mai hanawa ya rage hasken chlorophyll a lokacin photosynthesis. A lokaci guda, tasiri na miyagun ƙwayoyi bai canza tare da lokaci ba, amma ya dogara ne kawai akan maida hankali.
Ragewar sakin iskar oxygen ya nuna cewa tsarin photosystem yayi aiki da ƙasa. An ɗauka cewa babban makasudin sabon maganin herbicide shine cibiyar amsawar hadaddun furotin: abu yana ɗaure zuwa ainihin PS2 kuma yana canza tsarin sa. A sakamakon haka, a cewar masana kimiyya, tsarin canja wurin caji tsakanin abubuwan da ke cikin sarkar jigilar lantarki ya lalace.
Za a iya amfani da mai hanawa da aka haɓaka wajen ƙirƙirar sabon maganin ciyawa, wanda za a yi amfani da shi, alal misali, a cikin yaki da ciyawa mai saurin girma wanda ke bayyana kafin shuka amfanin gona. Tun da bazuwar ruwa ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai a cikin tantanin halitta, mai yuwuwar maganin herbicide ya kasance lafiya gabaɗaya ga mutane da dabbobi.
“Mun samar da wani fili wanda zai kawar da nau’in tsiron da ba a so yadda ya kamata, wanda hakan zai kara yawan amfanin gona. Wadannan bayanai na iya zama tushen tushe don haɓaka abubuwan da ke da tasiri a mafi ƙasƙanci mafi ƙasƙanci, "in ji marubucin farko na aikin, Sergey Zharmukhamedov, Dan takarar Kimiyyar Halittu, Jagoran Bincike a Cibiyar Matsalolin Halittar Halittu na Rashanci. Kwalejin Kimiyya.
Har ila yau, masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Nazarin Halittar Halitta da Kimiyyar Halitta na Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Kasa ta Azerbaijan (Baku), Cibiyar Nazarin Halittar Tsirrai mai suna K.A. Timiryazev (Moscow), Jami'ar Sarki Saud (Saudiyya) da Jami'ar Jihar Moscow mai suna M.V. Lomonosov (Moscow).