Shekaru biyu da suka gabata, gwamnatin Rasha ta amince da wani shiri na bunkasa fasahar kwayoyin halitta har zuwa shekarar 2027. Marubutan sun ba da kulawa ta musamman ga fasahohin gyaran kwayoyin halitta: “Iri da nau’in da ake da su na shuke-shuken noma da nau’in dabbobi an samu su ne sakamakon dogon lokaci da aka zaba da nufin samar da halayen da ake bukata. Fasahar kwayoyin halitta, wadanda ke nuna wani canji da aka ba da umarni a cikin kwayoyin halittar shuka ko dabba ba tare da gabatar da kwayoyin halitta na kasashen waje ba, suna ba da sakamako iri daya."
By ƙarshen shirin, an shirya don ƙirƙirar 30 jinsunan (a kalla hudu noma amfanin gona daga cikin babban wadanda a Rasha - alkama, dankali, sugar beets, sha'ir da sauransu) na genetically edited dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke. Bugu da ƙari, makasudin yana aiki daidai: muna magana ne game da sababbin nau'o'in "a cikin buƙata a cikin ainihin sashin tattalin arziki."
Wani muhimmin mataki kan wannan - nazarin kwayoyin halittar shuka - an riga an dauki shi. Tun daga shekara ta 2019, cibiyoyin bincike guda uku suna aiki a Rasha, waɗanda tuni suka kammala zazzage nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta da yawa. Cibiyar Kurchatov Genomic Centre ta haɓaka alkama tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin kunne da dankali waɗanda ba sa tara sukari a cikin sanyi. Tuni aka fara aiwatar da waɗannan fasahohin ta hannun hannun jarin noma da gonaki.
Na farko, zai iya zama wata fa'ida ga kamfanonin cikin gida a gasar. Tuni a yanzu, masu samar da kayan amfanin gona na asali na iya samun yawan amfanin gona. Misali, a cewar darektan kamfanin noman shuka Denis Golovin, nau'in gwoza da aka kirkira tare da taimakon wadannan fasahohin na iya samar da amfanin gona kusan ninki biyu fiye da na al'ada. Doka ta kyauta kan gyaran tsire-tsire don siyarwa na iya sa Rasha ta fi dacewa don saka hannun jari a aikin noma.
Bugu da ƙari, gyare-gyaren genome na iya kawo kayan lambu masu daɗi, masu koshin lafiya zuwa ɗakunan ajiya.
Shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Halittu ta Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha ta haifar da nau'in dankalin turawa tare da nau'in nau'in nau'in nakasa don invertase vacuolar, wanda ke ƙayyade abun ciki na sitaci a cikin sel. A cikin samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta daga irin wannan dankalin turawa, ya kamata a sami ƙarancin acrylamide - wani abu da ake zargin yana da tasirin carcinogenic a jiki. Kuma idan kun rage yawan amylopectin a cikin dankalin turawa, zai zama ƙasa da abinci mai gina jiki. Ga waɗanda suke rasa nauyi, wannan zai zama fa'ida.