Daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin yakar cututtukan dankalin turawa ita ce kariyar sinadaran tsirrai tare da taimakon magungunan kashe qwari. Duk da haka, ba shi da lafiya sosai: magungunan kashe qwari ba su da takamaiman, sau da yawa masu guba ga dabbobi da mutane, kuma suna iya haifar da juriya, wanda ke tilasta tsire-tsire da za a bi da su akai-akai.
Masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Nazarin Tarayya "Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences" da kuma kwararru daga Jami'ar Tarayyar Siberiya sun ɓullo da wani dogon aiki fungicidal shirye-shirye don yaƙar dankalin turawa pathogens. Yana kare dankali daga cututtuka masu haɗari kuma yana ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Shirye-shiryen sune magungunan kashe qwari da aka sanya a cikin matrix mai lalacewa na biopolymer da aka haɗa ta ƙwayoyin cuta da aka haɗe da garin birch. Da zarar a cikin ƙasa, irin wannan harsashi ya fara raguwa a hankali kuma a hankali ya saki miyagun ƙwayoyi. Kayayyakin da aka yi amfani da shi yana tabbatar da shigar da lafiyar muhalli na fungicides a cikin ƙasa, kariya na dogon lokaci na shuke-shuke daga phytopathogens kuma yana kawar da buƙatar sake maimaita jiyya. An buga sakamakon binciken a jaridar Pest Management Science.
Mafi yawan cututtukan dankalin turawa sune cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi ke haifar da su. Don haka, an gwada magungunan da aka haɓaka akan cututtukan dankalin turawa na yau da kullun kuma masu cutarwa waɗanda ke haifar da Alternaria, ɓarke baƙar fata da buguwa a ƙarshen lokaci.
An yi nazarin shirye-shirye na dogon lokaci a kan dankalin da aka shuka a ɗakin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma a cikin filin, inda aka shafa su a ƙasa lokacin da aka dasa dankali. Fungicides sun nuna sakamako mai kyau na antifungal, yana hana ci gaban mazaunan mafi cutarwa cututtukan cututtukan dankalin turawa. Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya haifar da haɓakar farko da kuma haɓaka girma na dankali a kan bangon raguwa a yankin lalacewar shuka. A sakamakon haka, wannan ya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa da fiye da 70%. Har ila yau, masu binciken sun lura cewa yin amfani da magungunan fungicides masu tasowa sun rage abun ciki na nitrates a cikin tubers da kashi 12%.
"Ayyukan daidaitattun mahadi yana farawa nan da nan bayan an shigar da su cikin ƙasa, kuma da sauri ya raunana. A cikin yanayin ci gaba na fungicides, yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni biyu don fara lalata tushen polymer don farawa da sakin abubuwa masu aiki a cikin ƙasa. Rushewa a hankali na tushen polymer yana ba da sakin dogon lokaci na abubuwa masu aiki da shigar su cikin shuke-shuke, wanda ke hana phytopathogens a duk lokacin girma. Amfanin irin wannan shirye-shiryen fungicidal yana kama da shirye-shiryen kasuwanci, amma saboda ƙananan phytotoxicity, yana da tasiri mai kyau akan germination, girma da haɓaka dankali kuma yana ƙaruwa da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Shirye-shiryen da aka haɓaka ba wai kawai suna hana ci gaban cututtuka da haɓaka amfanin dankalin turawa ba, har ma suna kawar da kwatsam kwatsam na magungunan kashe qwari, alal misali, a lokacin ban ruwa ko ruwan sama, saboda niyya da sakin hankali a cikin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, sabbin hanyoyin da aka ɓullo da su sun rage yawan aikace-aikacen kuma ta haka ne haɗarin yaɗuwa da tarin magungunan kashe qwari a cikin biosphere, ”in ji Evgeny Kiselev, wani mai bincike a Cibiyar Biophysics na Sashen Siberiya na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha, ɗan takarar Kimiyyar Fasaha.