Masu bincike a Jami'ar Hiroshima suna kusa da gano hanyoyin da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta da ke tattare da yadda ambaliyar ruwa ke hana tsire-tsire iskar oxygen. Wannan zai taimaka wajen samar da karin amfanin gona masu jure ambaliyar ruwa. Phys.org portal.
A cewar bankin duniya, ambaliyar ruwa hatsari ce ta duniya da ke barazana ga rayuka da dukiyoyin biliyoyin mutane. Har ma da yawan mutane na fuskantar barazanar yunwa sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa: ruwa na iya ambaliya amfanin gona. Masu bincike yanzu sun kusa ganowa kwayoyin tafiyar matakaikarkashin yadda ambaliyar ruwa ke hana shuke-shuke iskar oxygen. Wannan zai taimaka wajen samar da amfanin gona masu juriya.
Tare da taimakon meta-analysis, wanda ya haɗa da sake nazarin bayanai daga wasu nazarin gaba ɗaya, ƙungiyar daga Makarantar Graduate of Integrated Life Sciences a Jami'ar Hiroshima ta sami yawancin kowa. kwayoyin halitta da hanyoyin da ke da alaƙa a cikin shinkafa (Oryza sativa) da Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Masanan sun wallafa sakamakon bincikensu a cikin mujallar Life.
"Hypoxia wani damuwa ne na kwayoyin halitta, wanda sau da yawa yakan haifar da ambaliya," in ji marubucin binciken Keita Tamura, yana nufin rashin iskar oxygen da ke haifar da oversaturation. "Ko da yake an yi bincike da yawa a baya, mun yi tunanin cewa boye hanyoyin nazarin halittu ana iya gano shi ta hanyar yin nazari da yawa ta amfani da meta-bincike na bayanan da ake samu a bainar jama'a."
Tawagar ta mayar da hankali ne kan shinkafa da noman ruwa, domin a baya an yi nazari sosai kan kwayoyin halittar nau’in biyu. A cewar Tamura, ana kuma daukar shinkafa a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan amfanin gona a duniya, wanda ke aiki a matsayin babba samfurin abinci fiye da mutane biliyan hudu, a cewar kungiyar masu ba da shawara kan harkokin noma na kasa da kasa, don haka fahimtar yadda za a hana shuka daga amsawa. hypoxia, yana da mahimmanci.
Masu binciken sun gano nau'i-nau'i 29 na bayanan jeri na RNA don Arabidopsis da nau'i-nau'i 26 don shinkafa a cikin yanayi na yau da kullun da na rashin isashshen iskar oxygen daga bayanan da ake samu. A cewar Farfesa Hidemasa Bono, jerin RNA sun haɗa da tantance tsarin halittar mutum a wani wuri, wanda ke nufin za a iya amfani da bayanan don yin nazarin wanene kwayoyin halitta suka haifar da canje-canje.
"Ta hanyar nazarin bayanan jeri na RNA, mun gano 40 da 19 da aka inganta da kuma raguwa a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu," in ji Bono. "A cikin su, wasu abubuwan rubutawa na WRKY da cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, waɗanda ba a san rawar da suka taka a cikin martani ga hypoxia ba, gabaɗaya an inganta su a cikin Arabidopsis da shinkafa."
A cewar Bono, wannan ci gaba na gabaɗaya yana nufin cewa waɗannan hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna ƙara yin aiki yayin da ƙarancin iskar oxygen, wanda ke nuna takamaiman aikin injiniyoyinsu na yadda tsirrai ke amsawa.
Bono da Tamura sun kwatanta sakamakon su tare da irin wannan meta-bincike na hypoxia a cikin sel ɗan adam da samfuran nama. Sun gano cewa biyu daga cikin kwayoyin halittar da aka fi kunnawa a ciki shinkafa kuma an danne Larabawa a cikin takwarorinsu na ɗan adam.
"Binciken mu na meta yana nuna nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta daban-daban don hypoxia a cikin tsirrai da dabbobi," in ji Bono. “Ana tsammanin jinsin ɗan takarar da aka gano a cikin wannan binciken zai ba da haske kan sabbin hanyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na amsawar shuka ga hypoxia. Daga karshe, muna shirin yin amfani da daya daga cikin kwayoyin halittar dan takarar da fasahar gyara kwayoyin halitta don samar da tsire-tsire masu jure ambaliyar ruwa."