Shekaru uku yanzu, Amil LLC tana aiki a Yankin Nizhny Novgorod, wani kamfani don samar da tauraron dan adam wanda aka kirkira, wanda aka kirkiro tare da shahararren kamfanin Sweden mai suna Lyckeby Starch AB, daya daga cikin shugabannin duniya a masana'antar "sitaci".
Muna tattaunawa tare da Oleg Martyanov, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa masana'antar ta Rasha, game da yadda aka kirkira ta, ga wanda ta kera kayayyakin ta, da kuma yadda take shirin kara samar da kayayyaki.
- Oleg Alexandrovich, ta yaya hakan ta faru Kaya Yanar ya zama babban mai kafa kamfanin kasuwanci a yankin na Rasha?
- Tarihin bayyanar Amil yana da alaƙa da ayyukan Cibiyar Cibiyar Starch Center. Rikewar ya kasance yana yin aiki tare da kamfanin Sweden na Lyckeby kusan shekaru 20, yana samar da kwatancin wannan sabon tauraron zuwa kasuwar Rasha.
A tsawon lokaci, Cibiyar Starch-Center ta umarci wani yanki na ribar da yake samu ga samar da sitaci na cikin gida a cikin Rasha kuma ya samo tsire-tsire guda biyu - ɗaya a Yankin Nizhny Novgorod (Shuka na Syryatinsky) da ɗayan a Oryol (Plescheevsky Starch Plant). Tabbas, mun so mu jawo hankalin irin wannan shahararren kuma shahararren mai samar da sitaci na Turai kamar Lyckeby a cikin wannan aikin, amma kamfanin kamfanin na Sweden ya kasance ba shi da kyau. Wakilan Lyckeby sun isa ɗayan tsirrai, sun tantance yanayin nasa kuma sun ƙi yarda suyi aiki tare. Amma lokaci ya wuce, kuma a wani matsayi, shugabannin damuwa na Sweden sun yanke shawara cewa yana da fa'ida a gare su su samar da sitaci ga mabukacin Rasha a yankin Rasha, maimakon samar da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje. Don haka, a cikin 2015, an kirkiro kamfanin Amil, kuma a cikin 2017, an fara samarwa.
Ma'aikatarmu tana cikin gundumar Pochinkovsky na yankin Nizhny Novgorod, yana kan yankin masana'antar sitaci na Syryatinsky. Kamfanin yana sanye da kayan aiki na zamani kuma yana aiki akan ingantattun fasahohin Turai.
- Amil ya samar da matattarar abinci ga masana'antar abinci. Shin kasan kasuwancin ne?
- Ba mu da karancin abokan ciniki. Gwargwadon sitaci - kayan abinci masu mahimmanci don samar da samfuran nama da kayayyakin da aka gama ƙare, ana amfani dashi wajen samar da kayan tumatir, mayonnaise, kayan madara mai tsami. Amma kundin samar da irin wannan tauraron dan adam a Rasha karami ne, ban da shuka da muke yi, kawai ND-Technik LLC (Stavropol Territory) ne ke gudanar da bukatun masana'antar abinci. Kodayake wannan, hakika, ba ya nufin cewa babu wata gasa a kasuwa. Ana samar da tauraron dan Adam daga kasashen Turai, amma masana'antun kasashen waje suna da wasu fa'ida akan mu. Misali, manyan abubuwan samarwa.
Amil har yanzu ƙaramar kamfani ce. An samo asali ne azaman mai ƙira - tare da ikon sannu a hankali, “birki ta tubali”, don ƙara yawan kundin masana'antu. Abun takaici, yadda cigaban sa yayi girma ba kamar yadda muke so ba.
Akwai dalilai na dalilai da yawa. Ofayansu shine haɓaka mai tsada a tsadar kayayyakin sunadarai masu mahimmanci don samar da samfurinmu. Lokacin da muke lissafin farashin kayayyakin da za'a sanya nan gaba, akwai masana'antu guda uku a Rasha don samar da abubuwan da ake buƙata na sinadarai da muke buƙata, kuma har zuwa lokacin da aka ƙaddamar da Amil, mutum ɗaya ne ya rage a kasuwa, wanda, tunda ya zama mai son mallaka, ya haɓaka farashi sama da farashin Turai.
Yanzu abubuwan da muke samarwa sun kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na abin da za mu iya yi.
- "Amil" yana samar da tauraruwar abinci a kan dankalin turawa da albarkatun ƙasa na masara. Shin "dankalin dankalin turawa" ko "masara" ya fi mahimmanci ga kasuwancin (idan irin wannan bambanci daidai ne)?
- Kowane nau'ikan samfuranmu suna da niyyar samar da wasu samfuran, kowannensu yana da mai siyar da shi, a wannan ma'anar duka hanyoyi suna da mahimmanci a gare mu.
Amma dankalin turawa har yanzu fifiko ne. Bari in tunatar da ku cewa kamfani na kamfaninmu shine kamfanin rike da kasar Sweden wanda ya kware a girma da sarrafa dankali kusan shekaru dari. Don Lyckeby, dankali samfurin samfurin 1 ne.
Bugu da kari, muna a yankin da yafi dankali girma fiye da masara. Don haka dankali ya kusanto kuma mafi soyuwa zuwa gare mu.
- Abin damuwa na Lyckeby, kamar yadda kuka sani, mallakar wani yanki ne na manoma waɗanda babban yankin aikinsu ke girma dankali don sarrafawa zuwa sitaci. Kamfaninku ba ya shirya tsara ayyukan samar da albarkatun ƙasa a cikin gonakin Rasha "bisa tsari", dangane da ƙwarewar Yaren mutanen Sweden?
- Amfani sosai, Amil baya aiki da dankali. Kamfaninmu ya sayi sitaci na asali daga masana'antar sitaci ta Syryatinsky. Amma batutuwan da suka shafi inganci da adadin kayan albarkatun ma suna damun mu kai tsaye.
Amil yana shirin haɓaka samar da kayayyaki, kuma wannan yana nufin cewa bukatun kamfani na kayan abinci za su yi girma, kuma cikin dan kankanin lokaci muna iya shiga cikin karancinsa. Sabili da haka, dole ne mu fara yin la'akari da yiwuwar ƙara yawan samarwa a shuka Syryatinskom.
Yanzu mafi yawan dankali da aka kawo Syryatino yana da kayan sitaci na kusan kashi 10%. Itace tana aiki akan sharar gida. Adadin dankali mai shigowa shima ya bambanta daga wata zuwa wata. Don ba da tabbacin cewa mun sami ɗimbin albarkatun albarkatun ƙasa waɗanda muke buƙata, muna ƙaddamar da wani shiri don haɓaka samar da dankali mai tsauri. Ba zan iya cewa za mu canja wurin kwarewar Yaren mutanen Sweden ba, amma za mu yi kokarin amfani da mafi kyawun ayyukan.
A karkashin wannan shirin, mun riga mun zaɓi yawancin manoma Nizhny Novgorod daga cikin masu siyayya na yau da kullun kuma mun canza su don shuka iri iri tare da babban kayan sitaci don shuka.
A tsakanin shekaru uku muna shirin isa girman sayan dankali dubu 40 (tare da tsayayyen 20%) a shekara.
- Faɗa mana game da iri.
- Zan so sosai aiki tare da Yaren mutanen Sweden iri. Waɗannan su ne nasarorin shahararrun shayarwa, sakamakon aikin shekaru na aikin kimiyya, wanda aka tabbatar da shi cikin aikace. Amma, abin takaici, ba shi yiwuwa a kawo dankali iri a cikin Rasha ba tare da amincewar shekaru da yawa ba, don haka a wannan shekara mun zaɓi iri daga waɗanda aka yarda don amfani a ƙasarmu.
Abokan aikinmu na Lyckeby zasu samar da manoma tare da tallafin kayan gona na nesa. Da farko, manoma dole ne su ba da bayani game da yanayin ƙasar, kuma a kan sa zasu sami shawarwarin farko na fasaha.
- Shin kwangilolin zasu nuna farashin da za'a sayi dankali daga manoma?
- Ee. A Sweden, an daidaita farashin, kuma muna ƙoƙari mu bi wannan hanyar. Mahimmin sanarwa: Farashin an daura shi da nauyin jam’iyya, da kuma yawan sitaci a cikin tarin fitsarin. Wato, manomi yana karɓar kuɗi kai tsaye don sitaci da ke cikin dankalin sa.
Amma mun fahimci cewa yanayin kasuwa ba shi da tabbas, sabili da haka, kwangilar ta ba da damar yiwuwar sake duba farashin idan akwai manyan canje-canje.
- Na ji sau da yawa ra'ayin cewa ba shi da fa'ida don samar da sitaci daga nau'ikan dankalin Turawa na musamman akan ba ingantattun layin tsire-tsire na gida ba. Ana amfani da wannan ribar ne kawai lokacin da za a magance sharar da manoma ke bayarwa na dinari. Wannan ba gaskiya bane?
- Wannan tambaya ce mai wahala. Dole ne a fahimci cewa ba za mu taɓa iya ba wa manoma farashin dankalin turawa sama da farashin da shaguna ke sayan wannan samfurin ba. Amma tsire-tsire yana da fa'idarsa: yana yiwuwa a ƙulla yarjejeniya don noman manyan kundin da kuma samar da samfurin cikin dogon lokaci.
A ganina, manoma za su iya gabatar da wani yanki na yankin don bunkasa dankali na abinci, kuma wani ɓangare - don samfuran sarrafawa, don haka sami damar "kar a saka ƙwai a cikin kwando ɗaya", wanda yake da mahimmanci a halin da ake ciki yanzu.
- Kuma game da halin da ake ciki. Shin ko Amil na jin sakamakon bala'in bazara 2020 (rufe iyakoki, rashin daidaiton canjin musaya, da sauransu)? Shin cutar ƙwatan ta ta daidaita shirye-shiryen ku ko ta yaya?
- Mun fuskanci babban matsala lokacin da, tare da masana'antun cikin gida gaba ɗaya, kaɗai tsire-tsire da ke sa mana sinadarai a gare mu ya daina aiki. Sabili da haka, da muke magana game da duniya, mun shawo kan duk matsaloli iri ɗaya kamar baya. Ainihin, su dokoki ne na dabi'a. Mulkin kama-karya a cikin kasar yana hana ci gaban alumma baki daya da tattalin arzikin da ya fi kowane virus kwayar cutar. Sweden, wataƙila, ta gina ƙungiyar gurguzu mai ƙarfi fiye da yadda take a cikin USSR. Kuma abin da ya faru yanzu tare da mu ya kusanci feudalism, zuwa Tsakiyar Tsakiya.
Ba zan iya lura da kowane canje-canje da aka sani ba dangane da buƙatar sitaci. A cikin kwata na farko, mun rubuta karuwar ɗan gajeren lokaci a tallace-tallace, amma wannan ya kasance mai fahimta: masana'antu suna ta tara jari ta yadda a wani lokaci ba za a bar su kwatsam ba tare da albarkatun ƙasa. Yanzu komai ya koma ga alamu na yau da kullun, kuma har yanzu ba mu ga abubuwan da ake buƙata na canje-canje ba: a keɓe kai cikin mutane suna cin abinci iri ɗaya kamar ba tare da shi ba. Don haka muna aiki bisa ga tsari.
K S