Yanki: 6,95 miliyan sq. km.
Yawan jama'a: Mutane miliyan 7,9, wanda kashi 73,64% mazauna birni ne.
Matsayi na yanki: Gundumar tana arewa maso gabashin Eurasia kuma tana mamaye kusan kashi 40% na ƙasar Tarayyar Rasha. Mafi yawansa tudu ne, tsaunuka da tsaunin tudu, kuma filayen ba su kai kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yankin ba. Wani muhimmin yanki na Gundumar Tarayya ta Gabas mai Nisa yana cikin yankin Arewa mai Nisa da kuma yankuna masu nisa. A yamma tana iyaka da yankin Tarayyar Siberiya, a kudu da Mongoliya, China da Koriya ta Arewa, a kudu maso gabas da Japan ta teku, a arewa maso gabas da Amurka.
Sauyin yanayi girman yankin yana ƙayyade canjinsa daga nahiya mai ƙarfi zuwa damina. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara yana bambanta daga -10 ° C a arewa zuwa + 6 ° C a kudu. Har ila yau, hazo yana da nau'i mai yawa: daga 200 mm zuwa 1000 mm. Dangin zafi baya faɗuwa ƙasa da 65%, kuma a wasu yankuna ya wuce 95%. Lokacin hunturu yana zuwa a watan Nuwamba, kuma matsakaicin yanayin zafi na Janairu yana daga -22 ° C zuwa -24 ° C. Lokacin bazara yana zuwa a hankali, kuma kwanakin farko na dumi suna faruwa a ƙarshen Mayu da farkon Yuni. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a watan Yuli: +19 ° C.
Ilsasa: kusan rabin kasan yankin dutse ne. Hakanan ana samun taiga da tundra podburs (kimanin kashi 19%), taiga da tundra gley ƙasa (15%) da ƙasa mai fadama daban-daban (10%). Fiye da kashi 10% suna mamaye da arctic, tundra da rukunin ƙasa masu fadama. Humus-carbonate da sod-carbonate kasa suna lissafin kashi 9% na yankin yankin, podzols da kodadde rawaya kasa suna da kashi 8% kowannensu, sama da kashi 7% na murfin ƙasa ƙasa ce launin ruwan kasa, kusan 5% ƙasa ce ta ambaliya kuma kusan 3% shine ƙasa. volcanic
Yankin ƙasar noma: 18804,8 dubu hekta, wanda kadada 4102,3 filin noma ne.
A cikin wannan bita, mun bincika dalla-dalla ma'auni na ƙananan masana'antu a yankuna takwas na Gundumar Tarayya ta Gabas mai Nisa daga cikin 11, tare da ƙananan yanayi don samar da amfanin gona.
Muna godiya ga ƙungiyoyin yanki na rukunin masana'antun noma don taimakon da suke bayarwa wajen shirya kayan.
Yankin Amur
Lokacin da ya gabata, tare da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa na 16,95 t/ha, an samu tan dubu 31,1 na samfuran.
Babban masu samar da dankalin turawa sune gonakin manoma "Semena", gonakin manoma "S.E.V.", gonakin manoma Izbosarova E.S., gonakin manoma Nazaretyan A.P., gonakin manoma "Nika", LLC "Laikagro", LLC "Rust-Agro" , Baƙauye Farm Alekseev A. A., Baƙauye Farm Cherutov A. I., Baƙi gona Radjabov Sh. N., Rus Vostok LLC, Baƙauye Farm Nesterenko V. P., Baƙauye Farm Kruglikov, Baƙauye Farm Sergienko, Baƙauye Farm Kozhevnikov, Baƙauye Farm Sokovsky V.
Gonar da ake noman iri daya tilo ta gonar manoma "S.E.V" a duk shekara tana samar da nau'in dankalin turawa har zuwa ton 500 na mafi girma. Wani ɓangare na kayan shuka don sabuntawa iri-iri ana shigo da su daga wajen yankin.
Akwai wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa da kayan lambu 42 ne kawai a yankin mai karfin tan dubu 39,12. Daga cikin waɗannan, 35% suna da ikon sarrafawa na biyu da na farko. A galibin gonaki, wuraren ajiya ba su da bege, wanda ke hana manoma damar adana kayayyakin duk shekara.
A shekarar da ta gabata, daga cikin kasafin kudin yankin, an baiwa manoma tallafin jihar don kara noman dankalin turawa, an maido da wani bangare na kudaden da ake kashewa wurin ajiyar kayayyaki, an bayar da rancen zuba jari da ba da tallafi na musamman, sannan an tallafa wa samar da manyan iri.
A cikin sabuwar kakar, sun shirya shuka dankali a yankin a kan kadada dubu 2,1, wanda ya kai kadada 200 fiye da na 2022. Kuma a cikin shekaru biyu ana shirin kara yawan noman dankalin turawa a fannin da aka tsara zuwa ton dubu 63.
Jamhuriyar Buryatia
Jimlar girbin da aka samu a kakar da ta gabata ya kusan kusan tan dubu 29,4 tare da matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa na t/ha 19,58. A cikin 2021, manoma sun tattara ton dubu 24,6 na kayayyaki, a cikin 2020 - ton dubu 23,7.
Manyan kamfanonin da ke aikin noman dankalin turawa sun hada da Healthy Nutrition LLC, Garantiya-2 LLC da Gazar LLC.
A shekarar 2023, an yi shirin kara yawan yankin da ke karkashin dankali da kashi 15%, yayin da gonakin iri uku da aka tabbatar a yankin za su samar da kayan shuka ga manoma.
A cikin sabon kakar, za a ƙara matakan tallafawa masu noman amfanin gona. Ba wai ƙungiyoyin noma da gonakin manoma kaɗai ba, har ma da ƴan ƙasa waɗanda ke da filaye na yanki na kansu kuma aka yi musu rajista a matsayin masu sana'ar dogaro da kai za su iya ƙidayar tallafin da ke ƙarƙashin aikin gwamnatin tarayya "Haɓaka Kayan lambu da Noman Dankali."
Taimakon jihohi zai kuma fadada ta fuskar ware karin farashin don tallafawa noman dankalin turawa da bayar da tallafi don samar da manyan iri.
Yankin Yahudawa masu Zama
Matsakaicin babban girbi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya kai tan dubu 32,5, matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine t/ha 13,3.
A yankin, gonaki masu zaman kansu da gonaki masu zaman kansu ne kawai ke yin noman dankali da kayan lambu. Na dogon lokaci, rashin samar da iri na gida bai ba manoma damar aiwatar da sabuntawa iri-iri akan lokaci ba. An sayi tsaba na amfanin gona a cikin Primorsky Territory, amma tuni a cikin sabon kakar bisa tushen gonar manoma Rak A.B. Za a fara noman dankalin iri na iri na gida.
A wannan shekara, an shirya dasa tuber a kan wani yanki na hectare dubu 2,5, yawan amfanin da ake sa ran zai kai ton dubu 32,5. Ya kamata a sauƙaƙe ƙarshen kakar wasa ta hanyar shiga yankin don aiwatar da ƙaramin shirin "Ƙara yawan noman dankali da kayan lambu" a cikin tsarin shirin jihar don haɓaka aikin noma da daidaita kasuwannin kayayyakin noma, albarkatun ƙasa. da abinci.
Zabaykalsky Krai
A kakar da ta gabata, yawan girbin dankalin turawa a yankin ya kai ton dubu 10,3 tare da matsakaicin yawan amfanin gona na t/ha 12,7. A cikin 2021 da 2020, matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa ya kasance 10,8 t/ha da 10,1 t/ha, bi da bi.
Akwai manyan gonakin noman dankalin turawa guda shida a yankin: LLC "Sabon Nahiyar", LLC "Dankali na Transbaikalia", PSK "Kenonsky", LLC "Favorit", gonakin manoma Sambueva Ch. B., gonakin manoma Dun E. Zh.
A karshen shekarar da ta gabata, an samar wa sashen da aka shirya da kayan iri da kashi 130% na abin da ake bukata, wanda ya kai kimanin tan dubu 1,5. A shekarar 2023, an shirya karbar sama da ton dubu 10,5 na kayayyakin.
Yankin ya samar da ra'ayi don bunkasa noman dankalin turawa, wanda a cikinsa aka tsara kusan ninka noman amfanin gona nan da shekara ta 2025 tare da gina wuraren ajiya mai karfin da zai kai ton dubu biyar.
Daga cikin matakan tallafin da jihohi ke baiwa gonaki na musamman a shekarar da ta gabata, akwai tallafi na wani bangare na kudaden noman amfanin gona, samar da manyan iri, sayan kaya, ayyuka, ayyuka, da sauransu.
Kamchatka Territory
Yawan girbin dankalin turawa a cikin tsarin da aka tsara a cikin 2022 ya kai ton dubu 16,1 (tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa 18,61 t/ha), a cikin 2021 - ton dubu 16 (17,49 t / ha), a cikin 2020 - ton dubu 17 (19,42 t) /ha).
JSC Zarechnoye, SHP Ovoshchevod, LLC Khutorok, da kuma gonakin manoma na L. V. Michurina sun kware wajen noman amfanin gona a yankin.Kholkam Agro LLC kuma gonakin iri ne da ke fitar da fitattun iri don kara siyarwa ga masu samarwa da jama'a.
Gabaɗaya, manoma ana samarwa da kayan shuka, kuma rashin yawan dankalin da ake hayayyafa ana yin shi ne ta hanyar shigo da su daga wasu yankuna. Ana biya farashin saye da isar da saƙo daga kasafin kuɗi na yanki akan ƙimar 12 rubles da kilogram.
A halin yanzu, akwai wuraren ajiyar kayan lambu da dankalin turawa guda 25 a yankin. Amma wasu daga cikinsu an gina su ne a shekarun 1980, don haka suna bukatar manyan gyare-gyare da kuma samar da kayan aikin fasaha na zamani.
A cikin tsarin shirin jihar na yankin "Haɓaka aikin noma da daidaita kasuwannin kayayyakin amfanin gona, albarkatun ƙasa da abinci a cikin yankin Kamchatka," ana haɓaka matakan tallafawa gina sabbin wuraren ajiya.
Yankin Primorsky
A karshen shekarar da ta gabata, yawan girbin dankalin turawa ya kai tan dubu 64,6 tare da matsakaicin yawan amfanin gona na t/ha 20,12, kuma wannan adadi yana karuwa. A cikin 2021, an tattara tan dubu 62,2 (17,95 t/ha) a yankin, kuma a cikin 2020 - ton dubu 51,5 (t/ha 17,34).
Babban masu samar da dankalin turawa sun kasance Sovkhoz Fadeevsky LLC, Putsilovskoye LLC, Morozova T. A. gonakin manoma, A.I. Grishko gona, gonar V. T. Trubityn, gonar A. V. Efimenko, gonar A. T. Tsoi, gonakin A. T. A. A., Farmakin gona Bondar A. A., Manoman gonaki na gonaki, Farmaki Peasil D. H.
Godiya ga aikin cibiyoyin kimiyya da ayyukan Putsilovskoye LLC, masu samar da aikin gona na gida da kuma yawan jama'a suna ba da babban haifuwa mai dankalin turawa.
Bukatar wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa da kayan lambu shine ton dubu 90, amma a yau akwai wuraren ajiya guda 54 da ke da karfin tan dubu 37,6. A cikin kakar mai zuwa, ana sa ran za a fara aiki da sabbin kayan aiki na ton dubu 3 na kayayyakin.
A yankin, kudaden tallafi na jihohi suna ba da tallafi don siyan injuna na musamman da kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don samar da kayan lambu da dankali, da kuma gina wuraren shakatawa na bazara. Ana ba da kuɗin 20% na farashin kai tsaye don gini da sake gina wuraren ajiya, da kuma biyan diyya na wani ɓangare na farashin samarwa da sayar da dankali da kayan lambu na buɗe.
Sakhalin Oblast
A bara, babban girbi na samfurori a cikin sassan kayayyaki ya kai ton dubu 47,5 (tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 24,5 t / ha), a cikin 2021 - 44,1 ton dubu (tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 24,1 t / ha), a cikin 202 -m - 47,24 ton dubu (samar da 24,5 t/ha).
Kamfanoni 11 da gonaki sama da 70 ne ke aikin noman amfanin gona. Manyan masu samarwa - JSC State Farm Yuzhno-Sakhalinsky, JSC Farm Teplichny, JSC Sokolovsky, JSC State Farm Zarechnoye, LLC Novoe, Farmakin Baƙauye Evtyaev V. G., Farmakin Baƙauye Zhuravlev O. S., Farmakin Baƙauye "Rus'".
Manoman gida suna siyan nau'in dankalin turawa iri-iri don sabuntawa iri-iri da sauyawa iri-iri a gonakin iri a wasu yankuna na Rasha.
Masu noma suna da wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa 53 da kayan lambu da jimillar tan dubu 61, bakwai daga cikinsu an gina su cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata. Ana samun kayan aikin firiji a cikin wuraren ajiya guda shida (jimlar iya aiki - ton dubu 2,95).
An ba da tallafi a cikin tsarin shirin jihar sashe "Haɓaka aikin noma a yankin Sakhalin da kuma daidaita kasuwannin kayayyakin noma, albarkatun kasa da abinci" don haɓaka samar da iri, ƙara haɓakar ƙasa na filayen noma, da samar da ƙasa mai alaƙa. goyon baya don mayar da wani ɓangare na halin kaka na gudanar da hadaddun ayyukan agrotechnological.
Daga 2023, yayin aiwatar da aikin tarayya "Haɓaka masana'antun kayan lambu da dankalin turawa," za a ba da tallafin kudi na wani ɓangare na farashin don tallafawa samar da dankalin turawa.
Yankin dankalin turawa a sabuwar kakar zai kasance hekta dubu 1,96, kuma babu wani shiri na kara yawansa nan gaba. Yawan noma zai karu saboda karuwar amfanin gona.
Khabarovsk Territory
A shekarar 2022, yankin da ke karkashin dankalin turawa a fannin da aka tsara ya karu da kashi 4,7% idan aka kwatanta da kakar da ta gabata kuma ya kai hekta 883, yayin da aka girbe ton dubu 8,4 na kayayyakin. Sakamakon wani yanayi na gaggawa, an yi asarar kadada 55 na amfanin gona a yankin, an kiyasta asarar da ake sa ran ta kai tan dubu 4,3. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin gona shine 13,33 t/ha (104% idan aka kwatanta da bara).
Mahimman kasuwancin noman dankalin turawa sune
SHP Kolos LLC, Chernyaevskoye LLC da Amur Agricultural Enterprise LLC. A kakar da ta gabata, an samar da gonakin iri guda biyu a yankin, wadanda tuni suka samar da ton 300 na kayan shuka.
Samar da iri don girbi na gaba a farkon shekara shine 85% tare da jimillar tan dubu 150. An shirya siyan adadin da ya ɓace daga manyan gonaki a Siberiya da Gabas Mai Nisa.
Adadin ajiya na wuraren ajiyar dankalin turawa da kayan lambu sun kai tan dubu 46. Amma ajiyar kayan aikin gona na shekara-shekara yana buƙatar ƙarfin akalla tan dubu 150.
Yankin yana da matakan tallafi don magance wannan matsala sannu a hankali, gami da tallafi don sake ginawa da sabunta wuraren ajiya. A cikin 2022, an ware 27 miliyan rubles don waɗannan dalilai, kuma a cikin 2023, an ware 35 miliyan rubles a cikin kasafin gida.
Shirye-shiryen lokacin da ake ciki sun haɗa da ƙara yawan noman dankalin turawa. Bisa hasashen da aka yi, yankin zai kai wani yanki mai fadin kadada dubu 1,1, wato kashi 124,6% na shekarar da ta gabata.
Irina Berg