Ludmila Dulskaya
Zolsky Potato LLC (Jamhuriyar Kabardino-Balkarian) ta kasance tana haɓaka nau'in dankalin turawa masu daraja a cikin yanayin da ba shi da ƙwayar cuta fiye da shekaru 8. Don samar da dankalin turawa dankalin turawa, asalin dankalin turawa, da kuma tarin dankalin turawa 97 da iri iri da iri iri da iri iri da kuma nau'ikan manyan abubuwa na waje cibiyoyin.
Mun yi magana da darektan Zolsky Potato LLC game da ci gaban dasa shuki a wannan kakar, sabon nau'in zaɓi na gida da ƙayyadaddun samarwa. Ruslan Bzhennikov:
- A matsayin wani ɓangare na cikakken shirin kimiyya da fasaha, muna aiki a kan zaɓin nau'in Rashanci, muna aiki a cikin haifuwa. A wannan shekara, ya kamata a ƙara yawan adadin samarwa zuwa ton 2500 na kayan fitattu.
Kamfaninmu yana da kadada 190 a ƙarƙashin dankali, wanda hekta 135 ke cikin Kabardino-Balkaria, hectare 55 - a Karachay-Cherkessia. Yanayin bazara a yankinmu yana da kyau, sai a ranar 20 ga Mayu aka fara ruwan sama. Mun fara dasa dankali a ranar 10 ga Afrilu. Yanzu dasa shuki yana tafiya cikin kwanciyar hankali, kuma muna shirin kammala shi nan da 3 ga Yuni.
A kwanakin nan muna dasa kananan-tubers da farkon filayen dankali a cikin tsaunuka, a kusan 2000 m sama da matakin teku. Akwai yanayi na musamman a nan. Ko da dusar ƙanƙara da ta fadi ba za ta cutar da tsire-tsire ba. Idan kun yi aiki daidai, yanayin yankin dutsen yana da tasiri sosai akan dankali: akwai ƙaramin adadin kwari waɗanda ke ɗauke da cututtuka, kusan babu tushen kamuwa da cuta da cututtuka daban-daban. A cikin tsaunuka, za ku iya samun marasa ƙwayoyin cuta (lafiya), kayan iri na asali "tsabta".
Muna girma ƙaramin ƙara kuma muna da ikon sarrafa tsire-tsire a hankali da sarrafa duk matakai. Mun tattara duk girma iri kayan har zuwa superelite gaba daya da hannu, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin manyan abũbuwan amfãni da kuma tabbatar da kula da ingancin tubers, kuma kawai Elite ne girbe ta hanyar hadawa. Sau uku a lokacin girma kakar muna yin phytocleaning - muna da isasshen ma'aikata don wannan aikin.
'Yan kasuwa na gida daga Arewacin Caucasus na Arewacin Caucasus sun sayi kayan irinmu da jin daɗi. A wannan shekara, mun aika iri da aka shuka a cikin yankin tudu zuwa Azerbaijan. An riga an shuka dankalin mu a can, kuma a kwanakin baya mun sami girbi mai kyau! A cewar gonaki, an girbe dankali da inganci sosai. Akwai yanke shawara na farko don ƙaddamar da yarjejeniya tare da kamfaninmu don samar da karusai 20 na dankalin iri iri ɗaya.
A nan gaba, za a bude rassan Zolsky Potato LLC a yankuna da dama na Rasha. An bude na farko daga cikinsu a Karachay-Cherkessia - a nan muna girma babban mashahuri tare da manufar tura shi zuwa wasu yankuna.
Zolsky dankalin turawa ya riga ya girma sabbin nau'ikan gida guda 4: Ossetian, Samba, Zumba и Salsa. A nan gaba, ƙarin sabbin nau'ikan matasan za a gabatar dasu don gwajin iri-iri, kuma 2 sabbin iri ne za a girma da kuma 2025.
Mafi kyawun masana kimiyya na ƙasar suna kula da Zolsky Potato LLC. Farfesa, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Shugaban Sashen Noma, Shuka Shuka, Kiwo da Girman iri na Jami'ar Agrarian Jihar Gorsky, Masanin Kimiyya na Arewa Ossetia-Alania da Jamhuriyar Kudancin Ossetia yayi magana game da nau'in Osetinsky. Soltan Basiev:
– Daban-daban Ossetian kawai a cikin 2019 an haɗa shi a cikin Rijistar Jiha na Tarayyar Rasha. Iri-iri yana da ban sha'awa, mai girma. Yana da kyawawan halaye na tebur, matsakaicin abun ciki na sitaci, kuma ya dace da dalilai na tebur da kuma samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Bawon tubers yana da launin ruwan hoda, idanu ƙanana ne, nama yana da tsami. Abubuwan da suka bambanta sune juriya na Ossetian iri-iri zuwa cututtuka daban-daban da nematodes. Har yanzu ba a sami yawan adadin wannan nau'in ba; ana shuka shi da yawa a cikin Ossetia da Kabardino-Balkaria.
Gogaggen mai shuka iri, shugaban dakin gwaje-gwajen kiwon dankalin turawa na Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Gona ta Tatar, Dan takarar Kimiyyar Halittu. Zenon Staszewski - game da wasu sabbin nau'ikan dankali da ake girma a cikin kamfanin:
- Samba iri-iri, Zumba da Salsa, waɗanda aka ƙirƙira a cikin cibiyar bincikenmu kuma waɗanda aka girma akan tushen ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin fagagen Zolsky Potato LLC, suna nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. Suna tsayayya da yanayin zafi mai zafi, suna iya jure wa fari ba tare da sakamako mai tsanani ba tare da rasa halayensu da yawan aiki ba. Mai jure wa cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri. Waɗannan nau'ikan suna cikin rajistar Jiha na Tarayyar Rasha.
Samba iri-iri ne na musamman, wanda, tare da ban ruwa mai kyau, yana ba da yawan amfanin ƙasa saboda samuwar yawan tubers. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa pathogens da dankalin turawa ƙwayoyin cuta, ba za ka ga wani waje bayyanar cututtuka na cututtuka a kan tubers. Iri-iri sun cika ka'idodin da masu samar da Arewacin Caucasus ke sanyawa akan dankali.
Iri Zumba da Salsa suna da juriya ga cututtuka na hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri kuma ba sa rasa yawan amfanin su yayin kamuwa da cuta - ya kasance a matakin mai kyau. Suna jure wa zafi da fari da kyau, kuma suna da matuƙar juriya ga ƙarshen blight na saman da tubers. A kan waɗannan nau'ikan, zaku iya amfani da ban ruwa mai yawa, ko shuka su a wuraren da yanayin ya fi ɗanɗano.
A wurare masu tsaunuka a tsayin sama da mita 2000, an samar da yanayi mai kyau don yaduwar kayan da ba su da kwayar cutar da kuma noman dankali mai lafiya. Canja wurin ƙwayoyin cuta a nan an rage shi zuwa sifili, babu tsangwama na ruwa bayan hazo, mafi kyawun yanayin iska shine kusan digiri 20. Kayan iri yana da inganci mai kyau.